BibTex RIS Cite

Higher TSH levels in the first trimester of pregnancy are related to lower birth weight

Year 2013, Volume: 18 Issue: 4, 172 - 175, 14.03.2014

Nilgün Güdücü Gönenç Gökçenur İşçi Herman Başgül Yiğiter, Alin Dünder İlkkan

Abstract

Abstract. To determine whether there was an association between birth weight and maternal thyroid function in the early first trimester. Early first trimester thyroid stimulating hormon (TSH) levels and birth weight percentiles of pregnants attending to our outpatient obstetrics clinic were searched retrospectively. Mothers of infants with small for gestational age (SGA) infants had statistically significantly higher mean TSH values when compared to mothers of infants with appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) infants (2.5±8 and 1.7±1.5 respectively, p=0.007). Also, mothers of infants under 2500g weight had higher TSH values in the first trimester when compared to mothers of infants over 2500g weight (2±0.8 and 1.8±1.6 respectively, p=0.045). There was an association between high TSH levels in the early first trimester and low birth weight, screening of thyroid functions and treatment before pregnancy might be considered as a better policy.

Key words: TSH, small for gestational age, birth weight

Keywords

TSH small for gestational age birth weight

References

  • Allan WC, Haddow JE, Palomaki GE, et al. Maternal thyroid deficiency and pregnancy complications: implications for population screening. J Med Screen 2000; 7: 127-130.
  • Benhadi N, Wiersinga WM, Reitsma JB, Vrijkotte TG, Bonsel GJ. Higher maternal TSH levels in pregnancy are associated with increased risk for miscarriage, fetal or neonatal death. Eur J Endocrinol 2009; 160: 985-991.
  • Haddow JE, Palomaki GE, Allan WC, et al. Maternal thyroid deficiency during pregnancy and subsequent neuropsychological development of the child. N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 549-555.
  • Pop VJ, Brouwers EP, Vader HL, et al. Maternal hypothyroxinaemia during early pregnancy and subsequent child development: a 3-year follow-up study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2003; 59: 282-288.
  • Abalovich M, Amino N, Barbour LA, et al. Management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: S1-47.
  • Vaidya B, Anthony S, Bilous M, et al. Detection of thyroid dysfunction in early pregnancy: Universal screening or targeted high-risk case finding? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 203-207.
  • Horacek J, Spitalnikova S, Dlabalova B, et al. Universal screening detects two-times more thyroid disorders in early pregnancy than targeted high-risk case finding. Eur J Endocrinol 2010; 163: 645-650.
  • Rivkees SA, Bode HH, Crawford JD. Long-term growth in juvenile acquired hypothyroidism: the failure to achieve normal adult stature. N Engl J Med 1988; 318: 599-602.
  • Hallowell JG, La Franchi S, Smallridge RC, et al. Where do we go from here?-summary of working group discussions on thyroid function and gestational outcomes. Thyroid 2005; 15: 72-76
  • Neyzi O, Günöz H, Furmans A, et al. Türk çocuklarında vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, baş çevresi ve vücut kitle indeksi referans değerleri. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi 2008; 51: 1-14
  • Casey BM, Dashe JS, Wells CE, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism and pregnancy outcomes. Obstet Gynecol 2005; 105: 239-245.
  • Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Guxens M, Mendez M, et al. Iodine levels and thyroid hormones in healthy pregnant women and birth weight of their offspring. Eur J Endocrinol 2009; 160: 423-429.
  • Ashoor G, Maiz N, Rotas M, Jawdat F, Nicolaides KH. Maternal thyroid function at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation and subsequent fetal death. Thyroid 2010; 20: 989-993.
  • Karakosta P, Alegakis D, Georgiou V, et al. Thyroid dysfunction and autoantibodies in early pregnancy are associated with increased risk of gestational diabetes and adverse birth outcomes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97: 4464-4472.
  • Loubière LS, Vasilopoulou E, Bulmer JN, et al. Expression of thyroid hormone transporters in the human placenta and changes associated with intrauterine growth restriction. Placenta 2010; 31: 295-30
  • Matsuo H, Maruo T, Murata K, Mochizuki M. Human early placental trophoblasts produce an epidermal growth factor-like substance in synergy with thyroid hormone. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1993; 128: 225-229.
  • Brosens I, Pijnenborg R, Vercruysse L, Romero R. The "Great Obstetrical Syndromes" are associated with disorders of deep placentation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 204: 193-201.
  • Kilby MD, Verhaeg J, Gittoes N, et al. Circulating thyroid hormone concentrations and placental thyroid hormone receptor expression in normal human pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83: 2964-2971.
  • Haddow JE, McClain MR, Lambert-Messerlian G, et al. Variability in thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression by human chorionic [corrected] gonadotropin during early pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93: 3341-3347.
  • Karagiannis G, Ashoor G, Maiz N, Jawdat F, Nicolaides KH. Maternal thyroid function at eleven to thirteen weeks of gestation and subsequent delivery of small for gestational age neonates. Thyroid 2011; 21: 1127-1131.
  • Casey BM, Dashe JS, Spong CY, et al. Perinatal significance of isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia identified in the first half of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2007; 109: 1129-1135.
  • Blazer S, Moreh-Waterman Y, Miller-Lotan R, Tamir A, Hochberg Z. Maternal hypothyroidism may affect fetal growth and neonatal thyroid function. Obstet Gynecol 2003; 102: 232-241.
  • Idris I, Srinivasan R, Simm A, Page RC. Maternal hypothyroidism in early and late gestation: effects on neonatal and obstetric outcome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005; 63: 560-565.
  • Sahu MT, Das V, Mittal S, Agarwal A, Sahu M. Overt and subclinical thyroid dysfunction among Indian pregnant women and its effect on maternal and fetal outcome. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010; 281: 215-2
  • Korada M, Pearce MS, Avis E, Turner S, Cheetham T. TSH levels in relation to gestation, birth weight and sex. Horm Res 2009; 72: 120-123.
  • Negro R, Schwartz A, Gismondi R, et al. Universal screening versus case finding for detection and treatment of thyroid hormonal dysfunction during pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: 1699170
  • Dosiou C, Sanders GD, Araki SS, Crapo LM. Screening pregnant women for autoimmune thyroid disease: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2008; 158: 841-851.
  • Thung SF, Funai EF, Grobman WA. The costeffectiveness of universal screening in pregnancy for subclinical hypothyroidism. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009; 200: 267.e1-7.

Year 2013, Volume: 18 Issue: 4, 172 - 175, 14.03.2014

Nilgün Güdücü Gönenç Gökçenur İşçi Herman Başgül Yiğiter, Alin Dünder İlkkan

Abstract

References

  • Allan WC, Haddow JE, Palomaki GE, et al. Maternal thyroid deficiency and pregnancy complications: implications for population screening. J Med Screen 2000; 7: 127-130.
  • Benhadi N, Wiersinga WM, Reitsma JB, Vrijkotte TG, Bonsel GJ. Higher maternal TSH levels in pregnancy are associated with increased risk for miscarriage, fetal or neonatal death. Eur J Endocrinol 2009; 160: 985-991.
  • Haddow JE, Palomaki GE, Allan WC, et al. Maternal thyroid deficiency during pregnancy and subsequent neuropsychological development of the child. N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 549-555.
  • Pop VJ, Brouwers EP, Vader HL, et al. Maternal hypothyroxinaemia during early pregnancy and subsequent child development: a 3-year follow-up study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2003; 59: 282-288.
  • Abalovich M, Amino N, Barbour LA, et al. Management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: S1-47.
  • Vaidya B, Anthony S, Bilous M, et al. Detection of thyroid dysfunction in early pregnancy: Universal screening or targeted high-risk case finding? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 203-207.
  • Horacek J, Spitalnikova S, Dlabalova B, et al. Universal screening detects two-times more thyroid disorders in early pregnancy than targeted high-risk case finding. Eur J Endocrinol 2010; 163: 645-650.
  • Rivkees SA, Bode HH, Crawford JD. Long-term growth in juvenile acquired hypothyroidism: the failure to achieve normal adult stature. N Engl J Med 1988; 318: 599-602.
  • Hallowell JG, La Franchi S, Smallridge RC, et al. Where do we go from here?-summary of working group discussions on thyroid function and gestational outcomes. Thyroid 2005; 15: 72-76
  • Neyzi O, Günöz H, Furmans A, et al. Türk çocuklarında vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, baş çevresi ve vücut kitle indeksi referans değerleri. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi 2008; 51: 1-14
  • Casey BM, Dashe JS, Wells CE, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism and pregnancy outcomes. Obstet Gynecol 2005; 105: 239-245.
  • Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Guxens M, Mendez M, et al. Iodine levels and thyroid hormones in healthy pregnant women and birth weight of their offspring. Eur J Endocrinol 2009; 160: 423-429.
  • Ashoor G, Maiz N, Rotas M, Jawdat F, Nicolaides KH. Maternal thyroid function at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation and subsequent fetal death. Thyroid 2010; 20: 989-993.
  • Karakosta P, Alegakis D, Georgiou V, et al. Thyroid dysfunction and autoantibodies in early pregnancy are associated with increased risk of gestational diabetes and adverse birth outcomes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97: 4464-4472.
  • Loubière LS, Vasilopoulou E, Bulmer JN, et al. Expression of thyroid hormone transporters in the human placenta and changes associated with intrauterine growth restriction. Placenta 2010; 31: 295-30
  • Matsuo H, Maruo T, Murata K, Mochizuki M. Human early placental trophoblasts produce an epidermal growth factor-like substance in synergy with thyroid hormone. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1993; 128: 225-229.
  • Brosens I, Pijnenborg R, Vercruysse L, Romero R. The "Great Obstetrical Syndromes" are associated with disorders of deep placentation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 204: 193-201.
  • Kilby MD, Verhaeg J, Gittoes N, et al. Circulating thyroid hormone concentrations and placental thyroid hormone receptor expression in normal human pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83: 2964-2971.
  • Haddow JE, McClain MR, Lambert-Messerlian G, et al. Variability in thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression by human chorionic [corrected] gonadotropin during early pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93: 3341-3347.
  • Karagiannis G, Ashoor G, Maiz N, Jawdat F, Nicolaides KH. Maternal thyroid function at eleven to thirteen weeks of gestation and subsequent delivery of small for gestational age neonates. Thyroid 2011; 21: 1127-1131.
  • Casey BM, Dashe JS, Spong CY, et al. Perinatal significance of isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia identified in the first half of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2007; 109: 1129-1135.
  • Blazer S, Moreh-Waterman Y, Miller-Lotan R, Tamir A, Hochberg Z. Maternal hypothyroidism may affect fetal growth and neonatal thyroid function. Obstet Gynecol 2003; 102: 232-241.
  • Idris I, Srinivasan R, Simm A, Page RC. Maternal hypothyroidism in early and late gestation: effects on neonatal and obstetric outcome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005; 63: 560-565.
  • Sahu MT, Das V, Mittal S, Agarwal A, Sahu M. Overt and subclinical thyroid dysfunction among Indian pregnant women and its effect on maternal and fetal outcome. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010; 281: 215-2
  • Korada M, Pearce MS, Avis E, Turner S, Cheetham T. TSH levels in relation to gestation, birth weight and sex. Horm Res 2009; 72: 120-123.
  • Negro R, Schwartz A, Gismondi R, et al. Universal screening versus case finding for detection and treatment of thyroid hormonal dysfunction during pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: 1699170
  • Dosiou C, Sanders GD, Araki SS, Crapo LM. Screening pregnant women for autoimmune thyroid disease: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2008; 158: 841-851.
  • Thung SF, Funai EF, Grobman WA. The costeffectiveness of universal screening in pregnancy for subclinical hypothyroidism. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009; 200: 267.e1-7.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nilgün Güdücü

Gönenç Gökçenur This is me

İşçi Herman This is me

Başgül Yiğiter, Alin This is me

Dünder İlkkan This is me

Publication Date March 14, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 18 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Güdücü, N., Gökçenur, G., Herman, İ., Alin, B. Y., et al. (2014). Higher TSH levels in the first trimester of pregnancy are related to lower birth weight. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 18(4), 172-175.
AMA Güdücü N, Gökçenur G, Herman İ, Alin BY, İlkkan D. Higher TSH levels in the first trimester of pregnancy are related to lower birth weight. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. March 2014;18(4):172-175.
Chicago Güdücü, Nilgün, Gönenç Gökçenur, İşçi Herman, Başgül Yiğiter, Alin, and Dünder İlkkan. “Higher TSH Levels in the First Trimester of Pregnancy Are Related to Lower Birth Weight”. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 18, no. 4 (March 2014): 172-75.
EndNote Güdücü N, Gökçenur G, Herman İ, Alin BY, İlkkan D (March 1, 2014) Higher TSH levels in the first trimester of pregnancy are related to lower birth weight. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 18 4 172–175.
IEEE N. Güdücü, G. Gökçenur, İ. Herman, B. Y. Alin, and D. İlkkan, “Higher TSH levels in the first trimester of pregnancy are related to lower birth weight”, EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 172–175, 2014.
ISNAD Güdücü, Nilgün et al. “Higher TSH Levels in the First Trimester of Pregnancy Are Related to Lower Birth Weight”. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 18/4 (March 2014), 172-175.
JAMA Güdücü N, Gökçenur G, Herman İ, Alin BY, İlkkan D. Higher TSH levels in the first trimester of pregnancy are related to lower birth weight. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. 2014;18:172–175.
MLA Güdücü, Nilgün et al. “Higher TSH Levels in the First Trimester of Pregnancy Are Related to Lower Birth Weight”. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, vol. 18, no. 4, 2014, pp. 172-5.
Vancouver Güdücü N, Gökçenur G, Herman İ, Alin BY, İlkkan D. Higher TSH levels in the first trimester of pregnancy are related to lower birth weight. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. 2014;18(4):172-5.