Abstract
References
- 1. Liang J, Sha SM, Wu KC. Role of the intestinal microbiota and fecal transplantation in inflammatory bowel diseases. J Dig Dis 2014; 15: 641-6. google scholar
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- 21. Delgado-Roche L, Riera-Romo M, Mesta F, Hernandez-Matos Y, Barrios J.M, Martı'nez-Sanchez G, et al. Medical ozone promotes Nrf2 phosphorylation reducing oxidative stress and pro-inflam-matory cytokines in multiple sclerosis patients. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 811: 148-54. google scholar
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The Effect of Rectal Ozone Use on Bacterial Translocation and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Colitis Model
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of rectal ozone on the histopathological healing of the colonic mucosa, tissue oxidative stress, and bacterial translocation in the experimental colitis model.
Materials and Methods: Three groups of rats were randomly formed [Group 1: Sham group, group 2: Control group, group 3: Ozone treatment group]. Microscopic and macroscopic scoring were done histopathologically in all groups. Glutathione-s-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the colon and liver tissue. Blood cultures were taken for the detection of bacterial translocation.
Results: Microscopic damage scores were found as 0.0 (0.0-2.0) in the sham group, 3.0 (3.0-3.0) in the control group, 2.0 (0.0-2.0) in the ozone treatment group (p=0.001). Macroscopic damage scores were found as 0.0 (0.0-1.0) in the sham group, 3.0 (0.0-4.0) in the control group, 0.0 (0.0-1.0) in the ozone treatment group; the scores of ozone treatment and sham groups were found to be statistically different (p=0.004). Compared to the control group, the bacterial translocation in the liver, mesenteric lymph node, portal vein, spleen, and systemic blood was fewer in the ozone treatment group. Statistically significant differences were also observed between the groups’ SOD and GST levels in colon tissue and MDA, SOD, and GST levels in liver tissue. Regarding MDA values in the liver tissue of the groups, it was 1.95±0.43 in Group I, 3.63±0.81 in Group II, and 1.19±0.72 U/mg in Group III (p=0.017). When the liver tissue SOD levels of the groups were examined, it was 8.21±0.76 U/mg in Group I, 4.57±0.58 U/mg in Group II, and 8.62±1.13 U/mg in Group III (p=0.029). When GST values in liver tissue belonging to the groups were examined, 0.35±0.16 in Group 1, 0.23±0.03 in Group II, 0.49±0.13 U/mg in Group III (p=0.036).
Conclusion: Rectal ozone application plays a role in increasing the organism’s antioxidant activity and has an effective role in increasing the enzyme activities of antioxidant defenses. In addition, rectal ozone application has a positive effect on wound healing at a histopathological level and reduces bacterial translocation in various tissues.
References
- 1. Liang J, Sha SM, Wu KC. Role of the intestinal microbiota and fecal transplantation in inflammatory bowel diseases. J Dig Dis 2014; 15: 641-6. google scholar
- 2. Kaur, A., Goggolidou, P. Ulcerative colitis: understanding its cel-lular pathology could provide insights into novel therapies. J In-flamm 2020; 17: 15. [CrossRef] google scholar
- 3. Porter R.J., Kalla R., Ho GT. Ulcerative colitis: Recent advances in the understanding of disease pathogenesis. F1000Research 2020; 9: F1000 Faculty Rev-294. google scholar
- 4. Rezaie A, Parker RD, Abdollahi M. Oxidative stress and pathogen-esis of inflammatory bowel disease: an epiphenomenon or the cause? Digest Dis Sci 2007; 52(9): 2015-21. google scholar
- 5. Podolsky DK. Inflammatory bowel disease. New Eng J of Med 1991; 325: 1008-16. [CrossRef] google scholar
- 6. Guarner F, Malagelada JR. Gut flora in health and disease. The Lan-cet 2003; 361: 512-9. [CrossRef] google scholar
- 7. Miyazawa E, Iwabuchi A, Yoshida T. Phytate breakdown and ap-parent absorption of phosphorus, calcium and magnesium in germfree and conventionalized rats. Nutrit Res 1996; 16: 603-13. [CrossRef] google scholar
- 8. Farrell RJ, LaMont JT. Microbial factors in inflammatory bowel dis-ease. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2002; 31: 41. [CrossRef] google scholar
- 9. Brooks SG, May J, Sedman P, Tring I, Johnstone D. Translocation of enteric bacteria in humans. Br J Surg1993; 80: 901-2. google scholar
- 10. Pain JA, Bailey ME. Prevention of endotoxaemia in obstructive jaundice-a comparative study of bile salts. HPB Surg 1988; 1: 21-7. [CrossRef] google scholar
- 11. Aldemir M, Geyik MF, Kökoğlu OF, Büyükbayram H, Hoşoğlu S, Yağmur Y. Effects of ursodeoxycholic acid, glutamine and poly-clonal immunoglobulins on bacterial translocation in common bile duct ligated rats. ANZ J Surg 2003; 73: 722-6. google scholar
- 12. Bocci V. Ozone: A New Medical Drug, 2nd ed. Dordrecht Heildel-berg New York: Springer Science+Business Media 2011. google scholar
- 13. Bocci V. Ozone A new medical drug. The Netherlands: Springer 2005; 1-295. google scholar
- 14. Bocci V. How does ozone act? How and why can we avoid ozone toxicity? Ozone 2010; 17-26. google scholar
- 15. Bocci V. Oxygen-ozone therapy: a critical evaluation. Springer Sci-ence+Business Media 2002. google scholar
- 16. Campos FG, Waitzberg DL, Logulo AF, Cukier C, Soares SR, Oliveira TS, et al. Technical and histological standardization of experimen-tal colitis with trinitrobenzenosulfonic acid (TNBS). Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo 1997; 52(4): 180-6. google scholar
- 17. Yamamoto M, Yoshizaki K, Kishimoto T, Ito H. IL-6 is required for the development of Th1 cell-mediated murine colitis. J Immunol 2000; 164(9): 4878-82. [CrossRef] google scholar
- 18. Yoshioka T, Kawada K, Shimada T, Mori M. Lipid peroxidation in maternal and cord blood and protective mechanism against ac-tivated-oxygen toxicity in the blood. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1979; 135(6): 372-6. [CrossRef] google scholar
- 19. Warholm M, Guthenberg C, von Bahr C, Mannervik B. Glutathione transferases from human liver. Methods Enzymol 1985; 113: 499504. google scholar
- 20. Sun YI, Oberley LW, Li Y. A simple method for clinical assay of su-peroxide dismutase. Clin chem 1988; 34: 497-500. [CrossRef] google scholar
- 21. Delgado-Roche L, Riera-Romo M, Mesta F, Hernandez-Matos Y, Barrios J.M, Martı'nez-Sanchez G, et al. Medical ozone promotes Nrf2 phosphorylation reducing oxidative stress and pro-inflam-matory cytokines in multiple sclerosis patients. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 811: 148-54. google scholar
- 22. Aslaner A, Çakır T, Tekeli SÖ, Avcı S, Doğan U, Tekeli F, et al. Medical ozone treatment ameliorates the acute distal colitis in rat. Acta Cir Bras 2016; 31(4): 256-63. [CrossRef] google scholar
- 23. Eliakim R, Karmeli F, Rachmilewitz D, Cohen P, Zimran A. Ozone enema: A model of microscopic colitis in rats. Dig Dis Sci 2001; 46(11): 2515-20. google scholar
- 24. Guanche D, Zamora Z, Hernandez F, Mena K, Alonso Y, Roda M, et al. Effect of ozone/oxygen mixture on systemic oxidative stress and organic damage. Toxicol Mech Methods 2010; 20(1): 25-30. google scholar
- 25. Leon OS, Menendez S, Merino N, Castillo R, Sam S, Perez L, et al. Ozone oxidative preconditioning: a protection against cellular damage by free radicals. Mediators Inflamm 1998; 7(4): 289-94. [CrossRef] google scholar
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Clinical Sciences |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | August 22, 2022 |
| Submission Date | April 15, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 12 Issue: 2 |
