Evaluation of Health-Related Physical Fitness Profiles of Turkish Students in Urban and Rural School Districts
Abstract
Physical fitness (PF) is an important element for overall
health. The scope of the current study was to investigate the level of physical
fitness of 12-14 aged students in urban and rural school districts and it's
relation to the rate of physical activity participation. A total of 214
students (100 boys and 114 girls) were enrolled in this research, respectively.
PF was assessed using five tests from the Fitnessgram Test Battery. According
to Fitnessgram health-related fitness standards the prevalence of percent body
fat (NI-Health Risk: 22.8% vs. 11.5%; NI: 43.3% vs. 19.5; HFZ: 33.1% vs. 69.0%;
Very Lean: 0.8% vs. 0%); BMI (NI-Health Risk: 4.7% vs. 2.3%; NI: 17.3% vs. 5.7%;
HFZ: 67.7% vs. 78.2%; Very Lean: 10.2% vs. 13.8%) and VO2max (NI: 12.6% vs. 0%;
HFZ: 87.4% vs. 100%) were found in the overall sample in urban and rural school districts,
respectively. As stated in Kruskal-Wallis H test results, the students in the
urban school districts had significantly higher body weight (x2(1) =20.44, p=0,000),
percent body fat(x2(1)
=20.49, p=0.000), BMI(x2(1)
=15.45, p=0.000) and significantly lower VO2max (x2(1) =11.21, p=0.001), curl-ups (x2(1) =54.77, p=0.000), 90o push-ups (x2(1) =5.09, p=0.024) and PA
participation rates (x2(1)
=85.02, p=0.000) compared to
counterparts in the rural school districts. In conclusion, the physical
activity participation levels of the overall students were positively
associated with the school district, VO2max, curl-up, and push-up. However, it was negatively correlated with body weight, percent body fat, and
BMI in urban and rural school districts.
Keywords
References
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- Ortega, F.B., Ruiz, J.R., Castillo, M.J., Sjostrom, M. (2008). Physical fıtness in childhood and adolescence: a powerful marker of health. Int J Obes, 32:1–11.
- Plowman, S.A., Sterling, C.L., Corbin, C.B., Meredith, M.D., Welk, G.J., & Morrow, J.R., Jr. (2006). The History of FITNESSGRAM®. Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 3(Suppl.2), S5-S20.
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- Racettea, S.B., Uhricha, M.L., Whitec M.L., Liyang Y.B., Clarka, Ruth. (2017) Sex differences in FITNESSGRAM® health risk based on aerobic capacity and body composition among urban public elementary school children. Preventive Medicine, 103:56–59.
- Slaughter, M.H., Lohman, T.G., Boileau, R.A., Horewill, C.A., Stillman, R.J., VanLoan, M.D., Bemben, D.A. (1988). Skinfold equations for estimation of body fatness in children and youth. Hum Biol, 60: 709–723.
Abstract
References
- Bandopadhyay, A., Basak, A.K., Tripathy, S., Bandopadhyay, P. (2006). PEFR in female brickfield workers of West Bengal India. Ergonomics, 18(1):22-7.
- Fanning, J., Mullen, S.P., McAuley, E. (2012). Increasing Physical Activity with mobile devices: A Meta-Analysis. J Med Internet Res. 14(6):e161.
- Freudenberg, N. (2000). Time for a national agenda to improve the health of urban populations. Am J Public Health, 90:837–840.
- Geronimus, A.T. (2000). To mitigate, resist, or undo: addressing structural influences on the health of urban populations. Am J Public Health, 90:867–872.
- Graham, G., Hale, S. A., Parker, M. (2001). Children moving: a reflective approach to teaching physical education. Mountain View, California, Mayfield Publishing Company.
- Greenwald, R., Hedges, L.V., & Laine, R. D. (1996). The Effect of School Resources on Student Achievement. Review of Educational Research, 66(3), 361-372.
- Hamilton, M.T., Hamilton, D.G., Zderic, T.W. (2007). Role of low energy expenditure and sitting in obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Diabetes, 56:2655–2667.
- Meredith, M.D. & Welk, G.J. (2010). Fitnessgram®/Activitygram®Test Administration Manual (4th Ed.), Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 3-4.
- Nair, R.H., Kesavachandran, C., Sanil, R., Sreekumar, R., Shashidhar, S. (1997). Prediction equation for lung functions in South Indian children. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol, 41(4):390-6.
- Ortega, F.B., Ruiz, J.R., Castillo, M.J., Sjostrom, M. (2008). Physical fıtness in childhood and adolescence: a powerful marker of health. Int J Obes, 32:1–11.
- Plowman, S.A., Sterling, C.L., Corbin, C.B., Meredith, M.D., Welk, G.J., & Morrow, J.R., Jr. (2006). The History of FITNESSGRAM®. Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 3(Suppl.2), S5-S20.
- Plowman, S.A. (2014). Top 10 research questions related to musculoskeletal physical fitness testing in children and adolescents. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 85: 174-187.
- Racettea, S.B., Uhricha, M.L., Whitec M.L., Liyang Y.B., Clarka, Ruth. (2017) Sex differences in FITNESSGRAM® health risk based on aerobic capacity and body composition among urban public elementary school children. Preventive Medicine, 103:56–59.
- Slaughter, M.H., Lohman, T.G., Boileau, R.A., Horewill, C.A., Stillman, R.J., VanLoan, M.D., Bemben, D.A. (1988). Skinfold equations for estimation of body fatness in children and youth. Hum Biol, 60: 709–723.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | July 21, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 1 Issue: 1 |