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Importance and review of drug metabolite synthesis

Year 2023, Volume: 53 Issue: 2, 251 - 269, 30.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1033045

Abstract

Phase I and Phase II metabolic reactions are involved in the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs after administration. These reactions mainly aim to make drugs more polar and eliminate them safely. However, some of these metabolites have the potential to exhibit a toxicological effect. Industry and/or academia have to consider these metabolites in terms of their pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties. These metabolites are not only residual intermediates from the synthetic process of the main drug but also unique structures produced by metabolic enzymes in the human organism. Thus, metabolite synthesis by synthetic or semi-synthetic methods is a key feature in the pharmaceutical industry. In this review, synthetic methods of the metabolites from all known metabolic pathways are reviewed from the literature. It was observed that both synthetic and semi-synthetic methods require more attention as they are as important and complex as drug synthesis. Moreover, it showed that there was much more research available for Phase I than Phase II in the literature.

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Year 2023, Volume: 53 Issue: 2, 251 - 269, 30.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1033045

Abstract

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There are 115 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Journal Section Review
Authors

Zafer Şahin 0000-0002-5976-676X

Pınar Sinem Omurtag Özgen This is me 0000-0003-2493-9664

Sevim Rollas This is me 0000-0002-4144-6952

Publication Date August 30, 2023
Submission Date January 18, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 53 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Şahin, Z., Omurtag Özgen, P. S., & Rollas, S. (2023). Importance and review of drug metabolite synthesis. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, 53(2), 251-269. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1033045
AMA Şahin Z, Omurtag Özgen PS, Rollas S. Importance and review of drug metabolite synthesis. iujp. August 2023;53(2):251-269. doi:10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1033045
Chicago Şahin, Zafer, Pınar Sinem Omurtag Özgen, and Sevim Rollas. “Importance and Review of Drug Metabolite Synthesis”. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 53, no. 2 (August 2023): 251-69. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1033045.
EndNote Şahin Z, Omurtag Özgen PS, Rollas S (August 1, 2023) Importance and review of drug metabolite synthesis. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 53 2 251–269.
IEEE Z. Şahin, P. S. Omurtag Özgen, and S. Rollas, “Importance and review of drug metabolite synthesis”, iujp, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 251–269, 2023, doi: 10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1033045.
ISNAD Şahin, Zafer et al. “Importance and Review of Drug Metabolite Synthesis”. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 53/2 (August 2023), 251-269. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1033045.
JAMA Şahin Z, Omurtag Özgen PS, Rollas S. Importance and review of drug metabolite synthesis. iujp. 2023;53:251–269.
MLA Şahin, Zafer et al. “Importance and Review of Drug Metabolite Synthesis”. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 53, no. 2, 2023, pp. 251-69, doi:10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2023.1033045.
Vancouver Şahin Z, Omurtag Özgen PS, Rollas S. Importance and review of drug metabolite synthesis. iujp. 2023;53(2):251-69.