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Bursa, Türkiye'de göç, etnik kökene göre alfa-talasemi mutasyonlarının spektrumu ve SEA çift gen delesyonunun ilk kez gözlemlenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 37 - 45, 18.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.57221/izmirtip.1363089

Abstract

Amaç: Talasemi sendromları Türkiye'nin de dahil olduğu Akdeniz bölgesinde yaygındır. Amacımız Bursa'daki alfa talasemi olgularının genetik mutasyon çeşitliliğini araştırmak ve mutasyon çeşitliliğini vakaların göç durumu ve etnik kökenleri ile ilişkili olarak araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve yöntemler: Genetik mutasyon analizi ile alfa talasemi taşıyıcısı tanısı alan 1-18 yaş arası 66 olgunun retrospektif analizi yapıldı. Hastaların tam kan sayımı, ferritin düzeyleri, hemoglobin elektroforezi, genetik mutasyonları, göç durumları, kökenleri, tanı öncesinde demir tedavisi alıp almadıkları değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: 66 olgunun %53'ü kadın, %47'si erkekti. En sık görülen genetik mutasyon %51,5 oranıyla %3,7 delesyon olurken, bunu %21,20 oranıyla 20,5 delesyon ile heterozigot mutasyon izledi. SEA çift gen delesyonu homozigot mutasyonu %1,5 ve heterozigot mutasyonu %1,5. Alfa talaseminin 11 farklı genotipi keşfedildi. Bulgaristan, Suriye ve Azerbaycan'dan göç eden olgularda en sık 3.7 delesyon heterozigot mutasyonu görülürken, Gürcistan'dan göç eden olgularda FIL delesyon mutasyonu en sık görüldü ve Yunanistan'dan göç eden bir olguda alfa-2 polyA-2 heterozigot mutasyonu saptandı.
Sonuç: En sık görülen mutasyon 3.7 delesyon olmuş ve daha önceki çalışmalarda keşfedilmemiş olan SEA çift gen delesyonu keşfedilmiştir. Bu çalışmayla yoğun göç alan Bursa'da genetik mutasyon çeşitliliğini literatüre kazandırdık.

References

  • 1. Alamin AA, Berhe A, Mohammed S, Embaye G. Pancytopenia: a clinicohematological cross-sectional study in asmara, eritrea. EJBPS. 2018;5:41-8.
  • 2. Muncie HL Jr, Campbell J. Alpha and beta thalassemia. Am Fam Physician. 2009;15:80: 339-44.
  • 3. Piel FB, Weatherall DJ. The α-thalassemias. N Eng J Med. 2014;371:1908-16
  • 4. Kazancı EG, Güven D. Alfa talasemide klinik. Karakaş Z (eds). Kalıtsal Hemolitik
  • 5. Anemiler. 1. Baskı Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2023. p.57-61.
  • 6. Kazancı EG, Güven D. Talasemide genotip fenotip ilişkisi. Kurtoğlu E, editör. Talasemi. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2022. p.1-4.
  • 7. Harteveld CL, Higgs DR. α-thalassaemia. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2010;5:1-21.
  • 8. Ozsoylu S, Malik S. Incidence of alpha-thalassemia in Turkey. Turk j Pediat. 1982;24:235-44.
  • 9. Fei Y, Kutlar F, Harris H, Wilson M, Milana A, Sciacca P et al. A search for anomalies in the ζ, α, β, and γ globin gene arrangements in normal Black, Italian, Turkish, and Spanish newborns. Hemoglobin. 1989;13:45-65.
  • 10. Arcasoy A. Türkiye’de talasemi taşıyıcılığı sıklığı. Ankara: Ankara Talasemi Derneği; 1991.
  • 11. Üzülmez N. Kocaeli bölgesindeki talasemi hastalarında globin genlerindeki mutasyon sıklıklarının belirlenmesi. Sakarya; Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Fakültesi; Tez. 2010.
  • 12. Canatan D, Oğuz N, Güvendik İ, Yıldırım S. The incidence of alpha-thalassemia in Antalya Turkey. Turk J Haematol. 2002; 19: 433-4.
  • 13. Polat GT, Yuregir GT, Aksoy K. Detection of deletional alpha thalassemia in Cukurova. Ann Med Sci. 1998;7:14-17.
  • 14. Aldemir Ö, İzmirli M. α-thalassemia genotypes and α-thalassemia genotype frequency in Hatay. Abant Medical J. 2014;3:233-6.
  • 15. Celik MM, Gunesacar R, Oktay G, Duran GG, Kaya H. Spectrum of α-thalassemia mutations including first observation of-FIL deletion in Hatay Province, Turkey. Blood Cells, Mol Dis. 2013;51:27-30.
  • 16. Sutcu R, Aylak F, Koçak H, Sipahi T, Vural H, Delibas N. The investigation of distribution of hereditary alpha-thalassemia mutations in Isparta reservoir. Eur J Basic Med Sci. 2011;1:28-32.
  • 17. Kılınç Y, Kümi M, Gürgey A, Altay Ç. Adana bölgesinde doğan bebeklerde kordon kanı çalısması ile alfa talasemi, G6PD enzim eksikliği ve HbS sıklığının arastırılması. Doğa Tr Tıp ve Ecz D. 1986;10:162.
  • 18. Harteveld CL, Voskamp A, Phylipsen M, Akkermans N, den Dunnen JT, White SJ et al. Nine unknown rearrangements in 16p13.3 and 11p15.4 causing alpha- and beta-thalassaemia characterised by high resolution multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. J Med Genet. 2005; 42: 922-31.
  • 19. Kipp BR, Roellinger SE, Lundquist PA, Highsmith WE, Dawson DB . Development and clinical implementation of a combination deletion PCR and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay for detecting deletions involving the human α-globin gene cluster. J Mol Diagn. 2011; 13: 549-57.
  • 20. Altay Ç. The frequency and distribution pattern of ß-thalassemia mutations in Turkey. Turk J Haematol. 2002;19:309-15.
  • 21. Altay Ç. Abnormal hemoglobins in Turkey. Turk J Haematol. 2002; 19: 63-74.
  • 22. Canatan D. The epidemiology of hemoglobinopathies in Turkey. Hematolog. 2014; 4:11-22.
  • 23. Ünal S, Oktay G, Acıpayam C, İlhan G, Gali E, Celkan T et al. Hemoglobin H disease in Turkey: experience from eight centers. Turk J Haematol. 2016;33:56-9.
  • 24. Karakaş Z, Koç B, Temurhan S, Elgün T, Karaman S, Asker G et al. Evaluation of alpha thalassemia mutations in cases with hypochromic microcytic anemia: the İstanbul perspective. Turk J Haematol. 2015;32:344-50.
  • 25. Ünal Ş, Gümrük F. The hematological and molecular spectrum of α-thalassemias in turkey: the Hacettepe experience. Turk J Haematol. 2015;32:136-43.
  • 26. Yılmaz İ. Demir eksikliği anemisi ile beta talasemi minörün ayırıcı tanısında eritrosit indekslerinin rolü. Denizli; Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tez. 2010.
  • 27. Öner C, Gürgey A, Öner R, Balkan H, Gümrük F, Baysal E et al. The molecular basis of Hb H disease in Turkey. Hemoglobin. 1997;21:41-51.
  • 28. Celik MM, Gunesacar R, Oktay G, Duran GG, Kaya H. Spectrum of α-thalassemia mutations including first observation of (FIL) deletion in Hatay Province, Turkey. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2013;51:27-30.
  • 29. Guvenc B, Yildiz SM, Tekinturhan F, Dincer S, Akyuzluer I, Okten S et al. Molecular characterization of alpha-Thalassemia in Adana, Turkey: a single center study. Acta Haematol. 2010;123:197-200.
  • 30. Cürük MA. Hb H (beta4) disease in Cukurova, Southern Turkey. Hemoglobin. 2007;31:265-71.
  • 31. Aliyeva G, Asadov C, Mammadova T, Gafarova S, Guliyeva Y, Abdulalimov E et al. Molecular and geographical heterogeneity of hemoglobinopathy mutations in Azerbaijanian populations. Ann Hum Genet. 2020;84:249-58.

Spectrum of alpha-thalassemia mutations according to immigration, ethnicity in Bursa, Turkey and first observing of SEA double gene deletion

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 37 - 45, 18.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.57221/izmirtip.1363089

Abstract

Background: Thalassemia syndromes are common in the Mediterranean region, including Turkey. Our aim is investigating the genetic mutation diversity of alpha thalassemia cases in Bursa and to investigate the mutation diversity in relation to the cases' immigration status and ethnic origins.
Materials and Methods:
Retrospective analysis was performed on 66 cases aged 1-18 years who were diagnosed as alpha thalassemia carriers by genetic mutation analysis. The patients' complete blood count, ferritin levels, hemoglobin electrophoresis, genetic mutations, immigration status, origin, whether they received iron therapy prior to the diagnosis were all evaluated.
Results: Of the 66 cases, 53% were female and 47% were male. The most common genetic mutation was the 3.7% deletion with a rate of 51.5%, followed by the heterozygous mutation with a deletion of 20.5 with a rate of 21.20%. SEA double gene deletion homozygous mutation 1.5% and, heterozygous mutation 1.5%. Eleven different genotypes of alpha thalassemia were discovered. While 3.7 deletion heterozygous mutation was most common in cases immigrating from Bulgaria, Syria, and Azerbaijan, FIL deletion mutation was most common in cases immigrating from Georgia, and alpha-2 polyA-2 heterozygous mutation was found in one case immigrating from Greece.
Conclusion: The most common mutation was 3.7 deletion and SEA double gene deletion was discovered, which had not been discovered in previous studies. With this study, we added to the literature the genetic mutation diversity in Bursa, which sees a lot of immigration.

References

  • 1. Alamin AA, Berhe A, Mohammed S, Embaye G. Pancytopenia: a clinicohematological cross-sectional study in asmara, eritrea. EJBPS. 2018;5:41-8.
  • 2. Muncie HL Jr, Campbell J. Alpha and beta thalassemia. Am Fam Physician. 2009;15:80: 339-44.
  • 3. Piel FB, Weatherall DJ. The α-thalassemias. N Eng J Med. 2014;371:1908-16
  • 4. Kazancı EG, Güven D. Alfa talasemide klinik. Karakaş Z (eds). Kalıtsal Hemolitik
  • 5. Anemiler. 1. Baskı Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2023. p.57-61.
  • 6. Kazancı EG, Güven D. Talasemide genotip fenotip ilişkisi. Kurtoğlu E, editör. Talasemi. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2022. p.1-4.
  • 7. Harteveld CL, Higgs DR. α-thalassaemia. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2010;5:1-21.
  • 8. Ozsoylu S, Malik S. Incidence of alpha-thalassemia in Turkey. Turk j Pediat. 1982;24:235-44.
  • 9. Fei Y, Kutlar F, Harris H, Wilson M, Milana A, Sciacca P et al. A search for anomalies in the ζ, α, β, and γ globin gene arrangements in normal Black, Italian, Turkish, and Spanish newborns. Hemoglobin. 1989;13:45-65.
  • 10. Arcasoy A. Türkiye’de talasemi taşıyıcılığı sıklığı. Ankara: Ankara Talasemi Derneği; 1991.
  • 11. Üzülmez N. Kocaeli bölgesindeki talasemi hastalarında globin genlerindeki mutasyon sıklıklarının belirlenmesi. Sakarya; Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Fakültesi; Tez. 2010.
  • 12. Canatan D, Oğuz N, Güvendik İ, Yıldırım S. The incidence of alpha-thalassemia in Antalya Turkey. Turk J Haematol. 2002; 19: 433-4.
  • 13. Polat GT, Yuregir GT, Aksoy K. Detection of deletional alpha thalassemia in Cukurova. Ann Med Sci. 1998;7:14-17.
  • 14. Aldemir Ö, İzmirli M. α-thalassemia genotypes and α-thalassemia genotype frequency in Hatay. Abant Medical J. 2014;3:233-6.
  • 15. Celik MM, Gunesacar R, Oktay G, Duran GG, Kaya H. Spectrum of α-thalassemia mutations including first observation of-FIL deletion in Hatay Province, Turkey. Blood Cells, Mol Dis. 2013;51:27-30.
  • 16. Sutcu R, Aylak F, Koçak H, Sipahi T, Vural H, Delibas N. The investigation of distribution of hereditary alpha-thalassemia mutations in Isparta reservoir. Eur J Basic Med Sci. 2011;1:28-32.
  • 17. Kılınç Y, Kümi M, Gürgey A, Altay Ç. Adana bölgesinde doğan bebeklerde kordon kanı çalısması ile alfa talasemi, G6PD enzim eksikliği ve HbS sıklığının arastırılması. Doğa Tr Tıp ve Ecz D. 1986;10:162.
  • 18. Harteveld CL, Voskamp A, Phylipsen M, Akkermans N, den Dunnen JT, White SJ et al. Nine unknown rearrangements in 16p13.3 and 11p15.4 causing alpha- and beta-thalassaemia characterised by high resolution multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. J Med Genet. 2005; 42: 922-31.
  • 19. Kipp BR, Roellinger SE, Lundquist PA, Highsmith WE, Dawson DB . Development and clinical implementation of a combination deletion PCR and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay for detecting deletions involving the human α-globin gene cluster. J Mol Diagn. 2011; 13: 549-57.
  • 20. Altay Ç. The frequency and distribution pattern of ß-thalassemia mutations in Turkey. Turk J Haematol. 2002;19:309-15.
  • 21. Altay Ç. Abnormal hemoglobins in Turkey. Turk J Haematol. 2002; 19: 63-74.
  • 22. Canatan D. The epidemiology of hemoglobinopathies in Turkey. Hematolog. 2014; 4:11-22.
  • 23. Ünal S, Oktay G, Acıpayam C, İlhan G, Gali E, Celkan T et al. Hemoglobin H disease in Turkey: experience from eight centers. Turk J Haematol. 2016;33:56-9.
  • 24. Karakaş Z, Koç B, Temurhan S, Elgün T, Karaman S, Asker G et al. Evaluation of alpha thalassemia mutations in cases with hypochromic microcytic anemia: the İstanbul perspective. Turk J Haematol. 2015;32:344-50.
  • 25. Ünal Ş, Gümrük F. The hematological and molecular spectrum of α-thalassemias in turkey: the Hacettepe experience. Turk J Haematol. 2015;32:136-43.
  • 26. Yılmaz İ. Demir eksikliği anemisi ile beta talasemi minörün ayırıcı tanısında eritrosit indekslerinin rolü. Denizli; Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tez. 2010.
  • 27. Öner C, Gürgey A, Öner R, Balkan H, Gümrük F, Baysal E et al. The molecular basis of Hb H disease in Turkey. Hemoglobin. 1997;21:41-51.
  • 28. Celik MM, Gunesacar R, Oktay G, Duran GG, Kaya H. Spectrum of α-thalassemia mutations including first observation of (FIL) deletion in Hatay Province, Turkey. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2013;51:27-30.
  • 29. Guvenc B, Yildiz SM, Tekinturhan F, Dincer S, Akyuzluer I, Okten S et al. Molecular characterization of alpha-Thalassemia in Adana, Turkey: a single center study. Acta Haematol. 2010;123:197-200.
  • 30. Cürük MA. Hb H (beta4) disease in Cukurova, Southern Turkey. Hemoglobin. 2007;31:265-71.
  • 31. Aliyeva G, Asadov C, Mammadova T, Gafarova S, Guliyeva Y, Abdulalimov E et al. Molecular and geographical heterogeneity of hemoglobinopathy mutations in Azerbaijanian populations. Ann Hum Genet. 2020;84:249-58.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Şeyma Nur Bayrak 0009-0006-0766-9024

Elif Güler Kazancı 0000-0003-0910-1142

Betül Orhaner 0000-0002-4452-9518

Deniz Güven 0000-0002-4293-910X

Publication Date March 18, 2024
Submission Date September 25, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Bayrak, Ş. N., Kazancı, E. G., Orhaner, B., Güven, D. (2024). Spectrum of alpha-thalassemia mutations according to immigration, ethnicity in Bursa, Turkey and first observing of SEA double gene deletion. İzmir Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(1), 37-45. https://doi.org/10.57221/izmirtip.1363089
AMA Bayrak ŞN, Kazancı EG, Orhaner B, Güven D. Spectrum of alpha-thalassemia mutations according to immigration, ethnicity in Bursa, Turkey and first observing of SEA double gene deletion. İzmir Tıp Fak. Derg. March 2024;3(1):37-45. doi:10.57221/izmirtip.1363089
Chicago Bayrak, Şeyma Nur, Elif Güler Kazancı, Betül Orhaner, and Deniz Güven. “Spectrum of Alpha-Thalassemia Mutations According to Immigration, Ethnicity in Bursa, Turkey and First Observing of SEA Double Gene Deletion”. İzmir Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 3, no. 1 (March 2024): 37-45. https://doi.org/10.57221/izmirtip.1363089.
EndNote Bayrak ŞN, Kazancı EG, Orhaner B, Güven D (March 1, 2024) Spectrum of alpha-thalassemia mutations according to immigration, ethnicity in Bursa, Turkey and first observing of SEA double gene deletion. İzmir Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 3 1 37–45.
IEEE Ş. N. Bayrak, E. G. Kazancı, B. Orhaner, and D. Güven, “Spectrum of alpha-thalassemia mutations according to immigration, ethnicity in Bursa, Turkey and first observing of SEA double gene deletion”, İzmir Tıp Fak. Derg., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 37–45, 2024, doi: 10.57221/izmirtip.1363089.
ISNAD Bayrak, Şeyma Nur et al. “Spectrum of Alpha-Thalassemia Mutations According to Immigration, Ethnicity in Bursa, Turkey and First Observing of SEA Double Gene Deletion”. İzmir Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 3/1 (March 2024), 37-45. https://doi.org/10.57221/izmirtip.1363089.
JAMA Bayrak ŞN, Kazancı EG, Orhaner B, Güven D. Spectrum of alpha-thalassemia mutations according to immigration, ethnicity in Bursa, Turkey and first observing of SEA double gene deletion. İzmir Tıp Fak. Derg. 2024;3:37–45.
MLA Bayrak, Şeyma Nur et al. “Spectrum of Alpha-Thalassemia Mutations According to Immigration, Ethnicity in Bursa, Turkey and First Observing of SEA Double Gene Deletion”. İzmir Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 3, no. 1, 2024, pp. 37-45, doi:10.57221/izmirtip.1363089.
Vancouver Bayrak ŞN, Kazancı EG, Orhaner B, Güven D. Spectrum of alpha-thalassemia mutations according to immigration, ethnicity in Bursa, Turkey and first observing of SEA double gene deletion. İzmir Tıp Fak. Derg. 2024;3(1):37-45.