Abstract
The testicular vein exhibits variations in number, course, and insertion. Such differences may enhance the risk of varicocele and complication in patients by impairing testicular drainage. The following is a case report of the abnormal drainage of the right testicular vein (RTV) draining into the right renal vein (RRV). The incidence, course, insertion, and termination angle of the testicular veins were measured with a 150 mm digital Vernier dial microcaliper, and photographs were taken by Canon EOS 70D using a 100mm macro lens. In one out of seven cadavers (14.28%), the right testicular vein (RTV) drained into the right renal vein (RRV) (Type III) rather than into the inferior vena cava (IVC) at a 90° angle 0.4 cm from the IVC. The double (medial and lateral) left testicular veins (LTV) drained into the left renal vein (LRV) at a 62° angle 5 cm from the IVC. The understanding of type III RTV drainage or course can provide crucial data for surgeons in order to prevent complications during right-sided varicocele surgery.
References
- 1. Keith L. Moore, R. AM, Arthur A, Dalley F. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. (8th edition), Wolters Kluwer Health. (8th edition) ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Wolters Kluwer Health; 2017.
- 2. Itoh M, Moriyama H, Tokunaga Y, Miyamoto K, Nagata W, Satriotomo I, et al. Embryological consideration of drainage of the left testicular vein into the ipsilateral renal vein: analysis of cases of a double inferior vena cava. International Journal of Andrology. 2001;24(3):142-52.
- 3. Barut C, Ertilav H. Guidelines for standard photography in gross and clinical anatomy. Anatomical Sciences Education. 2011;4(6):348-56.
- 4. Hr NK, Y. SD. Variations of the bilateral testicular veins. J Biomed Clin Res Suppl. 2009;2(1):176–78. J Biomed Clin Res Suppl 2009;2(1):176–78.
- 5. Yang C-Y, Xue H-G, Tanuma K, Ozawa H. Variations of the bilateral testicular veins: embryological and clinical considerations. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy. 2008;30(1):53-5.
- 6. Das S, Vasudeva N. Study of anomalous drainage pattern of right testicular vein. Nepal Med Coll J. 2005;7(1):21-2.
- 7. Gupta R. Variations of Gonadal Veins: Embryological Prospective and Clinical Significance. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2015.
- 8. Asala S, Chaudhary SC, Masumbuko-Kahamba N, Bidmos M. Anatomical variations in the human testicular blood vessels. Ann Anat. 2001;183(6):545-9.
- 9. Zini A, Buckspan M, Berardinucci D, Jarvi K. Loss of left testicular volume in men with clinical left varicocele: correlation with grade of varicocele. Arch Androl. 1998;41(1):37-41.
- 10. Sadler TW. Langman’s Medical Embryology. 10th Edition ed2006.
- 11. McClure CFW, Butler EG. The development of the vena cava inferior in man. American Journal of Anatomy. 1925;35(3):331-83.
Abstract
References
- 1. Keith L. Moore, R. AM, Arthur A, Dalley F. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. (8th edition), Wolters Kluwer Health. (8th edition) ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Wolters Kluwer Health; 2017.
- 2. Itoh M, Moriyama H, Tokunaga Y, Miyamoto K, Nagata W, Satriotomo I, et al. Embryological consideration of drainage of the left testicular vein into the ipsilateral renal vein: analysis of cases of a double inferior vena cava. International Journal of Andrology. 2001;24(3):142-52.
- 3. Barut C, Ertilav H. Guidelines for standard photography in gross and clinical anatomy. Anatomical Sciences Education. 2011;4(6):348-56.
- 4. Hr NK, Y. SD. Variations of the bilateral testicular veins. J Biomed Clin Res Suppl. 2009;2(1):176–78. J Biomed Clin Res Suppl 2009;2(1):176–78.
- 5. Yang C-Y, Xue H-G, Tanuma K, Ozawa H. Variations of the bilateral testicular veins: embryological and clinical considerations. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy. 2008;30(1):53-5.
- 6. Das S, Vasudeva N. Study of anomalous drainage pattern of right testicular vein. Nepal Med Coll J. 2005;7(1):21-2.
- 7. Gupta R. Variations of Gonadal Veins: Embryological Prospective and Clinical Significance. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2015.
- 8. Asala S, Chaudhary SC, Masumbuko-Kahamba N, Bidmos M. Anatomical variations in the human testicular blood vessels. Ann Anat. 2001;183(6):545-9.
- 9. Zini A, Buckspan M, Berardinucci D, Jarvi K. Loss of left testicular volume in men with clinical left varicocele: correlation with grade of varicocele. Arch Androl. 1998;41(1):37-41.
- 10. Sadler TW. Langman’s Medical Embryology. 10th Edition ed2006.
- 11. McClure CFW, Butler EG. The development of the vena cava inferior in man. American Journal of Anatomy. 1925;35(3):331-83.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Case Report |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 27, 2022 |
| Submission Date | May 1, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 1 |
