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COVID-19 Salgını Sırasında Anne Babaların Kaygı Düzeyi

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 278 - 287, 25.12.2022

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırma COVID-19 salgını sırasında anne babaların durumluk ve sürekli kaygı düzeyini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapıldı.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan bu araştırmaya 18 yaş ve üzeri, 18 yaş altı çocuğu olan, sosyal ağları kullanabilen, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 245 anne ve baba alındı. Veriler, web anket uygulaması yoluyla bilgi formu ve Durumluk ve Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (STAI) kullanılarak toplandı.
Bulgular: Anne babaların durumluk kaygı düzeyi 41.67±9.93 ve sürekli kaygı düzeyi 43.34±8.78 ve kaygı algıları 5.49±2.81 idi. Yeterli sosyal desteği olmayanlar ve son 6 ayda olumsuz yasam deneyimi olanlarda durumluk kaygı düzeyinin yüksek olduğu (p<0.05); anneler, sağlık çalışanları, ilaç kullanmayı gerektiren bir sağlık problemi olanlar, yeterli sosyal desteği olmayanlar ve son 6 ayda olumsuz yaşam deneyimi olanlarda sürekli kaygı düzeyinin yüksek olduğu (p<0.05); geniş aile yapısında kaygı algısının yüksek düzeyde olduğu (p<0.05) bulundu. COVID-19 ile ilgili bilginin en çok sosyal medya ve arkadaş çevresinden edinildiği ve kullandıkları ilk üç başetme yönteminin “biriyle konuşma”, “olumlu yönden bakma” ve “dine yönelme” olduğu bulundu.
Sonuç ve Öneriler: Anne ve babaların kaygı algısı, durumluk ve sürekli kaygısı orta düzeydedir. COVID-19 salgınının aile refahı ve çocuk gelişimi üzerindeki uzun vadeli etkilerini önlemek için erken müdahale stratejileri belirlenmelidir.

Supporting Institution

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Project Number

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Thanks

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References

  • Akgül, G., & Atalan-Ergin, D. (2021). Adolescents’ and parents’ anxiety during COVID-19: is there a role of cyberchondriasis and emotion regulation through the internet? Current Psychology, 40,4750-4759.
  • Akoğlu, G., & Karaaslan, T. (2020). COVID-19 ve izolasyon sürecinin çocuklar üzerindeki olası psikososyal etkileri. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 99-103.
  • Aşkın, R., Bozkurt, Y., & Zeybek, Z. (2020). COVİD-19 pandemisi: Psikolojik etkileri ve terapötik müdahaleler. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 19(37-Özel Ek), 304-318.
  • B´erub´e, A., Cl´ement, M.E., Lafantaisie, V., LeBlanc, A., Baron, M, Picher, G., Turgeon, J., Ruiz Casares, M., & Lacharité, C. (2020). How societal responses to COVID-19 could contribute to child neglect. Child Abuse & Neglect. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104761
  • Brown, S.M., Doom, J.R., Lechuga-Pena, S., Watamura, S.E., & Koppels, T. (2020). Stress and parenting during the global COVID-19 pandemic. Child Abuse & Neglect. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104699
  • Burani, K., & Nelson, B. D. (2020). Gender differences in anxiety: The mediating role of sensitivity to unpredictable threat. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 153, 127–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.05.001.
  • Camerona, E.E., Joycec, K.M., Delaquisc, C.M., Reynoldsc, K., Protudjerd, J.L.P., Roos, L.E. (2020). Maternal psychological distress & mental health service use during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Affect Disord. 1(276), 765–774. https://doi.org/10.1016 / j.jad.2020.07.081
  • Cluver, L., Lachman, L.M., Sherr, L., Wessels, I., Krug, E., Rakotomalala, S., Blight, S., Hillis, S., Bachman, G., Green, Butchart, A., Tomlinson, M., Ward, C.W., Doubt, J., McDonald, K. (2020). Parenting in a time of COVID-19. The Lancet, 395(10231). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30736-4.
  • Çakır-Kardeş, V. (2020). Pandemi süreci ve sonrası ruhsal ve davranışsal değerlendirme. Türk Diyab Obez, 2,160-169. https://doi.org/10.25048/tudod.754693
  • Çölgeçen, Y. & Çölgeçen, H. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisine bağlı yaşanan kaygı düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye örneği, Turkish Studies, 15(4), 261-275. https://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44399
  • Drouin, M., McDaniel, B.T., Pater, J., & Toscos, T. (2020). How parents and their children used social media and technology at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and associations with anxiety. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, And Social Networking, 23(11), 729-736. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2020.0284
  • Ebrahim, A.H., Saif, Z.Q., Buheji, M., AlBasri, N., Al-Husaini, F.A., & Jahrami, H. (2020). COVID 19 information-seeking behavior and anxiety symptoms among parents. OSP Journal of Health Care and Medicine, 1(1),1-9.
  • Fiorillo, A., & Gorwood, P. (2020). The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and implications for clinical practice. European Psychiatry. 63(1), e32, 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.35
  • Genç, Ç. (2021). COVID-19 pandemisinde bilgi edinme kaynakları, medya kullanım alışkanlıkları ve aşıya yönelik tutumlar. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, 36, 178-202. https://doi.org/10.31123/akil. 988587
  • Göksu, Ö., & Kumcağız, H. (2020). COVID-19 salgınında bireylerde algılanan stres düzeyi ve kaygı düzeyleri. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 463-479. https://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44397
  • Griffith, A.K. (2020). Parental burnout and child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Family Violence. (Published Online), https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-020-00172-2
  • Hacımusalar, Y., Civan-Kahve, A., Yaşar, A.B., & Aydın M.S. (2020). Anxiety and hopelessness levels in COVID-19 pandemic: A comparative study of healthcare professionals and other community sample in Turkey. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 129,181-189.
  • Hiraoka, D., & Tomoda, A.(2020). Relationship between parenting stress and school closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 74,497. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13088
  • Janssen, L.H.C., Kullberg, M.L.J., Verkuil, B., van Zwieten, N., Wever, M.C.M., van Houtum, LAEM, Wentholt, W.G.M., & Elzinga, B.M. (2020). Does the COVID-19 pandemic impact parents’ and adolescents’ well-being? An EMA study on daily affect and parenting. PLoS One, 15 (10), e0240962. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0240962
  • Johnson, M.S., Skjerdingstad, N., Ebrahimi, O.V., Hoffart, A., & Johnson, S.U. (2021). Parenting in a Pandemic: Parental stress,anxiety and depression among parents during the government‐initiated physical distancing measures following the first wave of COVID‐19. Stress and Health, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3120
  • Jiao, W.Y., Wang, L.N., Liu, J., Fang, S.F., Jiao, F.Y., Pettoello-Mantovani, M., & Somekh, E. (2020). Behavioral and emotional disorders in children during the COVID-19 epidemic. J Pediatr, 221,264-266.e1.
  • Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri: Kavramlar teknikler ilkeler. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Katz, C., & Fallon, B. (2020). Protecting children from maltreatment during COVID-19. Child Abuse Neglect. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104753
  • Kerr, M.L., Rasmussen, H.F., Fanning, K.A., &.Braaten, S.M. (2021). Parenting during COVID-19: A study of parents' experiences across gender and ıncome levels. Family Relations, 70, 1327–1342. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12571
  • Koçak, Z., & Harmancı, H. (2020). COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde ailede ruh sağlığı. Karatay Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5, 183-207.
  • Küçük-Biçer, B., & İlhan, M.N. (2020). COVID-19’un çocukların sağlığı üzerine etkisi. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, Özel Sayı, 103-111.
  • Liu, N., Zhang, F., Wei, C., Jia, Y., Shang, Z., Sun L., Wu, L., Sun, Z., Zhou, Y., Wang, & Y., Liu, W. (2020). Prevalence and predictors of PTSS during COVID-19 outbreak in China hardest-hit areas: Gender differences matter. Psychiatry Research, 287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112921
  • Maaravi, Y. & Heller, B. (2020). Not all worries were created equal: The case of COVID-19 anxiety. Public Health, 185, 243-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.06.032
  • Malia, J. A. (2006). Basic concepts and models of family stress. Stress, Trauma, and Crisis, 9(3 4), 141– 160. https://doi.org/10.1080/15434610600853717
  • McConnell, D., Breitkreuz, R., & Savage, A. (2011). From financial hardship to child difficulties: Main and moderating effects of perceived social support. Child: Care, Health and Development, 37(5), 679–691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01185.x
  • Orru, G., Ciacchini, R., Gemignani, A., & Conversano, C. (2020). Psychological intervention measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 17(2),76-79.
  • Öner, N, & Le Comte, A. (1998). Süreksiz Durumluluk/ Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri El Kitabı, İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Patrick, S. W., Henkhaus, L. E., Zickafoose, J. S., Lovell, K., Halvorson, A., Loch, S., Letterie, M., & Davis, M. M. (2020). Well-being of parents and children during the COVID-19 pandemic: A national survey. Pediatrics, e2020016824. https://doi.org/d9ct
  • Patterson, J. M. (2004). Integrating family resilience and family stress theory. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64(2), 349– 360. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00349.x
  • Pew Research Center (2020). Most Americans say the coronavirus outbreak has impacted their lives. Avaliable at: https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2020/03/30/most-americans-say-coronavirus-outbreak-has-impacted-their-lives/(accessed December 11, 2021).
  • Ruppanner L, Tan X, Scarborough W, Landivar LC, & Collins C. (2021). Shifting Inequalities? Parents’ sleep, anxiety, and calm during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia and the United States. Men and Masculinities, 24(1) 181-188. https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X21990737
  • Statistics Canada, Employment insurance claims received by province and territory, monthly, seasonally adjusted. (2020). https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410000501.
  • Şahin B., Hoşoğlu E., & Önal B.S. (2020). Anxiety symptoms in healthcare workers and their children during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi, 8(3), 321 – 330.
  • Torales, J., O’Higgins, M., Castaldellimaia, J.M., Ventriglio, A. (2020). The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health. Int J Soc Psychiatry, 66(4),317-320.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2020a). Mental Health and Psychosocial Considerations During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Avaliable at: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/ coronaviruse/mental-health-considerations.pdf?sfvrsn=6d3578af_2 (accessed September 18, 2021).
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2020b). Substantial Investment Needed to Avert Mental Health Crisis. Avaliable at: https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/14-05-2020-substantialinvestment-needed-to-avert-mental-health-crisis (accessed September18, 2021).
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2020c). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report – 82. Available at: https://www.who.int/docs/ default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports /20200411-sitrep-82-COVID-19.pdf. (accessed September 11, 2021).
  • Weaver, J.L., & Swank, J.M. (2021). Parents’ lived experiences with the COVID-19 Pandemic. The family journal, 29(2), 136-142. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480720969194
  • Wong, L. P., Hung, C. C., Alias, H., & Lee, T. S. (2020). Anxiety symptoms and preventive measures during the COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan, BMC Psychiatry, 20, 376. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02786-8
  • Yahya, A.S., Khawaja, S., & Chukwuna, J. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 in Psychiatry. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord, 22(2), 20l02627. https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.20l02627
  • Zhou, S. J., Zhang, L. G., Wang, L. L., Guo, Z. C., Wang, J. Q., Chen, J. C., Liu, M., Chen, X. & Chen, J. X. (2020). Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of psychological health problems in Chinese adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 29,110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01541-4.
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Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 278 - 287, 25.12.2022

Abstract

Project Number

-

References

  • Akgül, G., & Atalan-Ergin, D. (2021). Adolescents’ and parents’ anxiety during COVID-19: is there a role of cyberchondriasis and emotion regulation through the internet? Current Psychology, 40,4750-4759.
  • Akoğlu, G., & Karaaslan, T. (2020). COVID-19 ve izolasyon sürecinin çocuklar üzerindeki olası psikososyal etkileri. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 99-103.
  • Aşkın, R., Bozkurt, Y., & Zeybek, Z. (2020). COVİD-19 pandemisi: Psikolojik etkileri ve terapötik müdahaleler. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 19(37-Özel Ek), 304-318.
  • B´erub´e, A., Cl´ement, M.E., Lafantaisie, V., LeBlanc, A., Baron, M, Picher, G., Turgeon, J., Ruiz Casares, M., & Lacharité, C. (2020). How societal responses to COVID-19 could contribute to child neglect. Child Abuse & Neglect. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104761
  • Brown, S.M., Doom, J.R., Lechuga-Pena, S., Watamura, S.E., & Koppels, T. (2020). Stress and parenting during the global COVID-19 pandemic. Child Abuse & Neglect. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104699
  • Burani, K., & Nelson, B. D. (2020). Gender differences in anxiety: The mediating role of sensitivity to unpredictable threat. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 153, 127–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.05.001.
  • Camerona, E.E., Joycec, K.M., Delaquisc, C.M., Reynoldsc, K., Protudjerd, J.L.P., Roos, L.E. (2020). Maternal psychological distress & mental health service use during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Affect Disord. 1(276), 765–774. https://doi.org/10.1016 / j.jad.2020.07.081
  • Cluver, L., Lachman, L.M., Sherr, L., Wessels, I., Krug, E., Rakotomalala, S., Blight, S., Hillis, S., Bachman, G., Green, Butchart, A., Tomlinson, M., Ward, C.W., Doubt, J., McDonald, K. (2020). Parenting in a time of COVID-19. The Lancet, 395(10231). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30736-4.
  • Çakır-Kardeş, V. (2020). Pandemi süreci ve sonrası ruhsal ve davranışsal değerlendirme. Türk Diyab Obez, 2,160-169. https://doi.org/10.25048/tudod.754693
  • Çölgeçen, Y. & Çölgeçen, H. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisine bağlı yaşanan kaygı düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye örneği, Turkish Studies, 15(4), 261-275. https://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44399
  • Drouin, M., McDaniel, B.T., Pater, J., & Toscos, T. (2020). How parents and their children used social media and technology at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and associations with anxiety. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, And Social Networking, 23(11), 729-736. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2020.0284
  • Ebrahim, A.H., Saif, Z.Q., Buheji, M., AlBasri, N., Al-Husaini, F.A., & Jahrami, H. (2020). COVID 19 information-seeking behavior and anxiety symptoms among parents. OSP Journal of Health Care and Medicine, 1(1),1-9.
  • Fiorillo, A., & Gorwood, P. (2020). The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and implications for clinical practice. European Psychiatry. 63(1), e32, 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.35
  • Genç, Ç. (2021). COVID-19 pandemisinde bilgi edinme kaynakları, medya kullanım alışkanlıkları ve aşıya yönelik tutumlar. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, 36, 178-202. https://doi.org/10.31123/akil. 988587
  • Göksu, Ö., & Kumcağız, H. (2020). COVID-19 salgınında bireylerde algılanan stres düzeyi ve kaygı düzeyleri. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 463-479. https://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44397
  • Griffith, A.K. (2020). Parental burnout and child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Family Violence. (Published Online), https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-020-00172-2
  • Hacımusalar, Y., Civan-Kahve, A., Yaşar, A.B., & Aydın M.S. (2020). Anxiety and hopelessness levels in COVID-19 pandemic: A comparative study of healthcare professionals and other community sample in Turkey. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 129,181-189.
  • Hiraoka, D., & Tomoda, A.(2020). Relationship between parenting stress and school closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 74,497. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13088
  • Janssen, L.H.C., Kullberg, M.L.J., Verkuil, B., van Zwieten, N., Wever, M.C.M., van Houtum, LAEM, Wentholt, W.G.M., & Elzinga, B.M. (2020). Does the COVID-19 pandemic impact parents’ and adolescents’ well-being? An EMA study on daily affect and parenting. PLoS One, 15 (10), e0240962. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0240962
  • Johnson, M.S., Skjerdingstad, N., Ebrahimi, O.V., Hoffart, A., & Johnson, S.U. (2021). Parenting in a Pandemic: Parental stress,anxiety and depression among parents during the government‐initiated physical distancing measures following the first wave of COVID‐19. Stress and Health, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3120
  • Jiao, W.Y., Wang, L.N., Liu, J., Fang, S.F., Jiao, F.Y., Pettoello-Mantovani, M., & Somekh, E. (2020). Behavioral and emotional disorders in children during the COVID-19 epidemic. J Pediatr, 221,264-266.e1.
  • Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri: Kavramlar teknikler ilkeler. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Katz, C., & Fallon, B. (2020). Protecting children from maltreatment during COVID-19. Child Abuse Neglect. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104753
  • Kerr, M.L., Rasmussen, H.F., Fanning, K.A., &.Braaten, S.M. (2021). Parenting during COVID-19: A study of parents' experiences across gender and ıncome levels. Family Relations, 70, 1327–1342. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12571
  • Koçak, Z., & Harmancı, H. (2020). COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde ailede ruh sağlığı. Karatay Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5, 183-207.
  • Küçük-Biçer, B., & İlhan, M.N. (2020). COVID-19’un çocukların sağlığı üzerine etkisi. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, Özel Sayı, 103-111.
  • Liu, N., Zhang, F., Wei, C., Jia, Y., Shang, Z., Sun L., Wu, L., Sun, Z., Zhou, Y., Wang, & Y., Liu, W. (2020). Prevalence and predictors of PTSS during COVID-19 outbreak in China hardest-hit areas: Gender differences matter. Psychiatry Research, 287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112921
  • Maaravi, Y. & Heller, B. (2020). Not all worries were created equal: The case of COVID-19 anxiety. Public Health, 185, 243-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.06.032
  • Malia, J. A. (2006). Basic concepts and models of family stress. Stress, Trauma, and Crisis, 9(3 4), 141– 160. https://doi.org/10.1080/15434610600853717
  • McConnell, D., Breitkreuz, R., & Savage, A. (2011). From financial hardship to child difficulties: Main and moderating effects of perceived social support. Child: Care, Health and Development, 37(5), 679–691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01185.x
  • Orru, G., Ciacchini, R., Gemignani, A., & Conversano, C. (2020). Psychological intervention measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 17(2),76-79.
  • Öner, N, & Le Comte, A. (1998). Süreksiz Durumluluk/ Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri El Kitabı, İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Patrick, S. W., Henkhaus, L. E., Zickafoose, J. S., Lovell, K., Halvorson, A., Loch, S., Letterie, M., & Davis, M. M. (2020). Well-being of parents and children during the COVID-19 pandemic: A national survey. Pediatrics, e2020016824. https://doi.org/d9ct
  • Patterson, J. M. (2004). Integrating family resilience and family stress theory. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64(2), 349– 360. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00349.x
  • Pew Research Center (2020). Most Americans say the coronavirus outbreak has impacted their lives. Avaliable at: https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2020/03/30/most-americans-say-coronavirus-outbreak-has-impacted-their-lives/(accessed December 11, 2021).
  • Ruppanner L, Tan X, Scarborough W, Landivar LC, & Collins C. (2021). Shifting Inequalities? Parents’ sleep, anxiety, and calm during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia and the United States. Men and Masculinities, 24(1) 181-188. https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X21990737
  • Statistics Canada, Employment insurance claims received by province and territory, monthly, seasonally adjusted. (2020). https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410000501.
  • Şahin B., Hoşoğlu E., & Önal B.S. (2020). Anxiety symptoms in healthcare workers and their children during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi, 8(3), 321 – 330.
  • Torales, J., O’Higgins, M., Castaldellimaia, J.M., Ventriglio, A. (2020). The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health. Int J Soc Psychiatry, 66(4),317-320.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2020a). Mental Health and Psychosocial Considerations During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Avaliable at: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/ coronaviruse/mental-health-considerations.pdf?sfvrsn=6d3578af_2 (accessed September 18, 2021).
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2020b). Substantial Investment Needed to Avert Mental Health Crisis. Avaliable at: https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/14-05-2020-substantialinvestment-needed-to-avert-mental-health-crisis (accessed September18, 2021).
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2020c). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report – 82. Available at: https://www.who.int/docs/ default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports /20200411-sitrep-82-COVID-19.pdf. (accessed September 11, 2021).
  • Weaver, J.L., & Swank, J.M. (2021). Parents’ lived experiences with the COVID-19 Pandemic. The family journal, 29(2), 136-142. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480720969194
  • Wong, L. P., Hung, C. C., Alias, H., & Lee, T. S. (2020). Anxiety symptoms and preventive measures during the COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan, BMC Psychiatry, 20, 376. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02786-8
  • Yahya, A.S., Khawaja, S., & Chukwuna, J. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 in Psychiatry. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord, 22(2), 20l02627. https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.20l02627
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There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Burcu Ceylan 0000-0002-0795-6174

Nesibe Günay Molu 0000-0002-2452-6205

Project Number -
Publication Date December 25, 2022
Submission Date March 21, 2022
Acceptance Date May 27, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Ceylan, B., & Günay Molu, N. (2022). COVID-19 Salgını Sırasında Anne Babaların Kaygı Düzeyi. Genel Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(3), 278-287.


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