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Determination of Adverse Skin Reactions due to the Use of Personal Protective Equipment by Healthcare Professionals in the Pandemic

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 162 - 169, 31.12.2020

Abstract

Introduction-Purpose: Since Covid-19 is highly contagious, healthcare professionals are required to wear personal protective equipment (PPE) such as N95 masks, surgical masks, gloves and protective gear. The use of PPE can cause some negative reactions. Therefore, the purpose of the study; To investigate the reactions of healthcare professionals working in pandemic units due to long-term use of PPE.
Materials and Methods: Healthcare professionals providing treatment and care services to patients diagnosed with Covid-19 were included in the cross-sectional study. In the study, for which the necessary legal permissions were obtained, demographic characteristics, usage situations and reactions of PPE materials were questioned.
Results: 65 healthcare professionals participated in the study. They reported that they used N95 / FFP2 mask for 3.75 ± 2.30 hours, full-body overalls 121.38 ± 118.87 minutes, gloves 3.95 ± 1.81 hours, surgical mask 4.00 ± 2.51 hours, and face protective visors 2.78 ± 1.89 hours based on eight hours of work. It was reported that 54.1% , 37.5% due to the use of N95 / FFP2 mask, and 23.0% related to the whole body overalls had a reaction, and the reaction distributions are given in Table 2. After the reactions, 10.9% reported that they received treatment for health problems related to gloves, 4.9% for overalls and 23.0% for health problems related to the mask.
Conclusion: In the Covid-19 epidemic, healthcare workers having to wear PPE for a long time can pose potential threats. Wearing PPE for a long time in the Covid-19 outbreak can pose potential health threats for healthcare workers.
Strategies can be developed with interdisciplinary teamwork.

References

  • 1.Hamre D, Procknow JJ. A new virus isolated from the human respiratory tract. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1966;121:190–193.
  • 2.Corman VM, Lienau J, Witzenrath M. Coronaviruses as the cause of respiratory infections. Internist (Berl). 2019;60:1136–1145.
  • 3.Yuen K-S, Ye Z-W, Fung S-Y, Chan C-P, Jin D-Y. SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: The most important research questions. Cell Biosci. 2020;10:40.
  • 4.Esakandari, H, Nabi-Afjadi, M, Fakkari-Afjadi, et al. (2020). A comprehensive review of COVID-19 characteristics. Biological procedures online, 22, 19.
  • 5.Ludwig, S, Zarbock, A. (2020). Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2: A Brief Overview. Anesthesia and analgesia, 131(1), 93–96.
  • 6.Demirbilek, Y, Pehlivantürk, G, Özgüler, Z. Ö, et al. (2020). COVID-19 outbreak control, example of ministry of health of Turkey.Turkish journal of medical sciences, 50(SI-1), 489–494.
  • 7.Huang, C, Wang, Y, Li, X, et al. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet (London, England), 395(10223), 497–506.
  • 8.Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020 
  • 9.Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 2020; 382:1708-20.
  • 10.Masood, S, Tabassum, S, Naveed, S, et al. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic & Skin Care Guidelines for Health Care Professionals. Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 36(COVID19-S4), S115–S117.
  • 11.Wang JV, Parish LC. Dermatologic Manifestations of the 1918-1919 Influenza Pandemic. Skinmed. 2019;17(5):296–297.
  • 12. Bhoyrul, B, Lecamwasam, K, Wilkinson, M, et al. (2019). A review of non-glove personal protective equipment-related occupational dermatoses reported to EPIDERM between 1993 and 2013. Contact dermatitis, 80(4), 217–221.
  • 13.Kantor J. Behavioral considerations and impact on personal protective equipment use: Early lessons from the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020;82(5):1087–1088. 
  • 14. Brown L, Munro J, Rogers S. Use of personal protective equipment in nursing practice. Nurs Stand. 2019;34(5):59-66.
  • 15.Liu Min, Cheng Shou-Zhen, Xu Ke-Wei,  et al. Use of personal protective equipment against coronavirus disease 2019 by healthcare professionals in Wuhan, China: cross sectional study BMJ 2020; 369 :m2195
  • 16.Seto WH, Tsang D, Yung RW, et al, Advisors of Expert SARS group of Hospital Authority. Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Lancet 2003;361:1519-20.
  • 17.Gheisari, M, Araghi, F, Moravvej, H, et al. (2020). Skin reactions to non-glove personal protective equipment: an emerging issue in the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV,34(7), e297–e298.
  • 18. Desai AN, Mehrotra P. Medical Masks. JAMA. 2020;323(15):1517-1518.
  • 19.Foo, C. C, Goon, A. T, Leow, Y. H, et al. (2006). Adverse skin reactions to personal protective equipment against severe acute respiratory syndrome--a descriptive study in Singapore. Contact dermatitis, 55(5), 291–294.
  • 20.Patruno, C, Fabbrocini, G, Stingeni, L, et al. (2020). The role of occupational dermatology in the COVID-19 outbreak. Contact dermatitis, 83(2), 174–175.
  • 21.Lim EC, Seet RC, Lee KH, et al. Headaches and the N95 face-mask amongst healthcare providers. Acta Neurol Scan 2006;113:199–202.
  • 22. Hu, K, Fan, J, Li, X, et al. (2020). The adverse skin reactions of health care workers using personal protective equipment for COVID-19. Medicine, 99(24), e20603.
  • 23.Khoo KL, Leng PH, Ibrahim IB, et al. The changing face of healthcare worker perceptions on powered air‐purifying respirators during the SARS outbreak. Respirology 2005;10: 107–10.
  • 24.Beiu, C, Mihai, M, Popa, L, et al. (2020). Frequent Hand Washing for COVID-19 Prevention Can Cause Hand Dermatitis: Management Tips. Cureus, 12(4), e7506.

Pandemide Sağlık Çalışanlarının Kişisel Koruyucu Ekipman Kullanımına Bağlı Olumsuz Cilt Reaksiyonlarının Belirlenmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 162 - 169, 31.12.2020

Abstract

Giriş-Amaç: Covid-19'un son derece bulaşıcı olması nedeniyle, sağlık çalışanlarının N95 maske, cerrahi maske, eldiven ve koruyucu giysiler gibi kişisel koruyucu donanımları (KKD) giymeleri gerekmektedir. KKD kullanımı olumsuz birtakım reaksiyonlara neden olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle yapılan çalışmada amaç; pandemi birimlerinde görev alan sağlık çalışanlarının uzun süreli KKD kullanımına bağlı reaksiyonlarını araştırmaktır.
Gereç-Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki çalışmaya, Covid-19 tanılı hastalara tedavi ve bakım hizmetini veren sağlık çalışanları alınmıştır. Gerekli yasal izinleri alınan çalışmada demografik özellikler, KKD malzemeleri kullanım durumları ve reaksiyonları sorgulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 65 sağlık çalışanı katılmıştır. Sekiz saatlik mesai baz alındığında N95/ FFP2 maske kullanım ortalaması 3.75±2.30 saat, tüm vücut tulum 121.38±118.87 dakika, eldiven 3.95±1.81 saat, cerrahi maske 4.00±2.51 saat, ve yüz koruyucu siperlik 2.78±1.89 saat kullandıklarını bildirmişlerdir. N95/ FFP2 maske kullanımına bağlı %54.1, eldivene %37.5, tüm vücut tuluma bağlı da %23.0’ünde reaksiyon geliştiğini bildirmiş olup, reaksiyon dağılımları Tablo 2’de belirtilmiştir. Reaksiyonlar sonrasında %10.9’u eldivene, %4.9’u tuluma ve %23.0’ü de maskeye bağlı sağlık sorunları ile ilgili tedavi aldıklarını bildirmişlerdir.
Sonuç: Sağlık çalışanları, nihai olarak hastalarını, kendini ve daha geniş bir topluluğu korumaktan sorumludur. Covid-19 salgınında uzun süre KKD giymek, sağlık çalışanları için potansiyel sağlık tehditleri oluşturabilmektedir. Mevcut salgın sırasında sağlık çalışanları tarafından uzun saatler boyunca kullanılan önlükler, solunum maskeleri, yüz koruyucu siperliği ve gözlükler gibi diğer KKD'lar cilt tahrişlerine neden olabilmektedir. Enfeksiyon, cildiye uzmanları, kalite birimi ve çalışan güvenliği ile koordineli çalışılarak kaliteli sağlık hizmeti sunmak için sağlık çalışanlarının iyilik halinin sağlanması amacıyla gerekli önlemlerin alınmasını sağlayacak stratejiler geliştirilmesisağlanabilir.

References

  • 1.Hamre D, Procknow JJ. A new virus isolated from the human respiratory tract. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1966;121:190–193.
  • 2.Corman VM, Lienau J, Witzenrath M. Coronaviruses as the cause of respiratory infections. Internist (Berl). 2019;60:1136–1145.
  • 3.Yuen K-S, Ye Z-W, Fung S-Y, Chan C-P, Jin D-Y. SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: The most important research questions. Cell Biosci. 2020;10:40.
  • 4.Esakandari, H, Nabi-Afjadi, M, Fakkari-Afjadi, et al. (2020). A comprehensive review of COVID-19 characteristics. Biological procedures online, 22, 19.
  • 5.Ludwig, S, Zarbock, A. (2020). Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2: A Brief Overview. Anesthesia and analgesia, 131(1), 93–96.
  • 6.Demirbilek, Y, Pehlivantürk, G, Özgüler, Z. Ö, et al. (2020). COVID-19 outbreak control, example of ministry of health of Turkey.Turkish journal of medical sciences, 50(SI-1), 489–494.
  • 7.Huang, C, Wang, Y, Li, X, et al. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet (London, England), 395(10223), 497–506.
  • 8.Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020 
  • 9.Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 2020; 382:1708-20.
  • 10.Masood, S, Tabassum, S, Naveed, S, et al. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic & Skin Care Guidelines for Health Care Professionals. Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 36(COVID19-S4), S115–S117.
  • 11.Wang JV, Parish LC. Dermatologic Manifestations of the 1918-1919 Influenza Pandemic. Skinmed. 2019;17(5):296–297.
  • 12. Bhoyrul, B, Lecamwasam, K, Wilkinson, M, et al. (2019). A review of non-glove personal protective equipment-related occupational dermatoses reported to EPIDERM between 1993 and 2013. Contact dermatitis, 80(4), 217–221.
  • 13.Kantor J. Behavioral considerations and impact on personal protective equipment use: Early lessons from the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020;82(5):1087–1088. 
  • 14. Brown L, Munro J, Rogers S. Use of personal protective equipment in nursing practice. Nurs Stand. 2019;34(5):59-66.
  • 15.Liu Min, Cheng Shou-Zhen, Xu Ke-Wei,  et al. Use of personal protective equipment against coronavirus disease 2019 by healthcare professionals in Wuhan, China: cross sectional study BMJ 2020; 369 :m2195
  • 16.Seto WH, Tsang D, Yung RW, et al, Advisors of Expert SARS group of Hospital Authority. Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Lancet 2003;361:1519-20.
  • 17.Gheisari, M, Araghi, F, Moravvej, H, et al. (2020). Skin reactions to non-glove personal protective equipment: an emerging issue in the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV,34(7), e297–e298.
  • 18. Desai AN, Mehrotra P. Medical Masks. JAMA. 2020;323(15):1517-1518.
  • 19.Foo, C. C, Goon, A. T, Leow, Y. H, et al. (2006). Adverse skin reactions to personal protective equipment against severe acute respiratory syndrome--a descriptive study in Singapore. Contact dermatitis, 55(5), 291–294.
  • 20.Patruno, C, Fabbrocini, G, Stingeni, L, et al. (2020). The role of occupational dermatology in the COVID-19 outbreak. Contact dermatitis, 83(2), 174–175.
  • 21.Lim EC, Seet RC, Lee KH, et al. Headaches and the N95 face-mask amongst healthcare providers. Acta Neurol Scan 2006;113:199–202.
  • 22. Hu, K, Fan, J, Li, X, et al. (2020). The adverse skin reactions of health care workers using personal protective equipment for COVID-19. Medicine, 99(24), e20603.
  • 23.Khoo KL, Leng PH, Ibrahim IB, et al. The changing face of healthcare worker perceptions on powered air‐purifying respirators during the SARS outbreak. Respirology 2005;10: 107–10.
  • 24.Beiu, C, Mihai, M, Popa, L, et al. (2020). Frequent Hand Washing for COVID-19 Prevention Can Cause Hand Dermatitis: Management Tips. Cureus, 12(4), e7506.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Intensive Care
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ayşe Turan 0000-0002-0745-4975

Halil Nacar 0000-0002-2893-533X

Publication Date December 31, 2020
Acceptance Date November 21, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Turan, A., & Nacar, H. (2020). Pandemide Sağlık Çalışanlarının Kişisel Koruyucu Ekipman Kullanımına Bağlı Olumsuz Cilt Reaksiyonlarının Belirlenmesi. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, 3(3), 162-169.

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