Review
Year 2017,
Volume: 9 Issue: 4, 71 - 80, 20.07.2017
Abstract
AbstractAlong with the improvement in technology and knowledge in neonatal intensive care units (NICU), the increased survival rates of infants with very low birth weight have increased the frequency of complications due to prematurity and new me-dical practices have been introduced in the treatment and follow-up of these infants.Premature infants’ families should be aware of the importance of short and long-term follow-up, as they are at high risk for chronic complications and sequelae, leadingto functional limitations such as long-term neurodevelopmental disorders as well asearly. The management plan for the preparation of the premature infant's dischargeshould include; the determination of the readiness of the infant for discharge, the pre-paration of the family and home environment, communication between the family andthe health care provider, the preperation of review of the hospital course and discharge phases. The most important functional markers indicating that the baby is readyfor discharge, including the physiological competencies of thermoregulation, respiratory control (apnea follow-up), respiratory stability, nutrition/sucking ability and weight gain. Providing the transition to the home with a com-prehensive, well-planned management under optimalconditions will reduce recurrent hospitalization and mortality risk again. For this reason, discharge should be a process starting from the moment of entry into the hospital.
Keywords
References
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İstanbul: NobelTıp Kitapevi; 2007. p.226 6.Lee SK, McMillan DD, Ohlsson A, Pendray M, Synnes A, WhyteR, et al. Variations in practice and outcomes in the CanadianNICU Network: 1996-1997. Pediatrics 2000;106(5):1070-9. 7.Canadian Neonatal Network Annual Report 2011: www. ca-nadianneonatalnetwork.org/Portal/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=rCV wkKlA4pc%3d&tabid=39 (Accessed November 6, 2013). 8.Rawlings JS, Scott JS. Postconceptional age of surviving pre-term low-birth-weight infants at hospital discharge. Arch Pe-diatr Adolesc Med 1996;150(3):260-2. 9.Hintz SR, Bann CM, Ambalavanan N, Cotten CM, Das A, Hig-gins RD. Predicting time to hospital discharge for extremelypreterm infants. Pediatrics 2010;125(1):e146-54. 10.Mandy T. Short-term complications of the preterm infant. Up-ToDate Eyl 2016. Available: http://www.uptodate.com/con-tents/short-term-complications-of-the-preterm-infant 11.Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Osterman MJ, Curtin SC, MatthewsTJ. Births: final data for 2013. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2015; 64:1. 12.Seikku L, Gissler M, Andersson S, Rahkonen P, Stefanovic V,Tikkanen M, et al. Asphyxia, Neurologic Morbidity, and Pe-rinatal Mortality in Early-Term and Postterm Birth. Pediat-rics 2016; 137. 13.Leone A, Ersfeld P, Adams M, Schiffer PM, Bucher HU, Ar-lettaz R. Neonatal morbidity in singleton late preterm infantscompared with full-term infants. Acta Paediatr 2012; 101:e6. 14.AcunaşB, BaşAY, Uslu S, Dı̇lli D, ÖzbaşS, Tezel B, AydınŞ. Yüksek Riskli Bebek İzlem Rehberi 2014. TC Sağlık Bakan-lığı, THSK, Çocuk Ve Ergen Sağlığı Daire Başkanlığı cocu-kergen.thsk.saglik.gov.tr 15.Kalyoncu O, Aygün C, Cetinoğlu E, Küçüködük S. Neonatalmorbidity and mortality of late-preterm babies. J Matern Fe-tal Neonatal Med 2010; 23(7):607-12. 16.Köroglu AÖ. Geç Pretermlerin Taburculuğa Hazırlanması veİzlemi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr Sci 2014;10(4).17.Boyle EM, Poulsen G, Field DJ, Kurinczuk JJ, Wolke D, Al-firevic Z et al. Effects of gestational age at birth on health out-comes at 3 and 5 years of age: population based cohort study.BMJ 2012; 344:e896 18.Binarbaşı P, Akın Y, Narter F, Telatar B, Polatoğlu E, Ağzı-kuru T. Geç preterm yenidoğanlarda hastalık ve ölüm oran-ları. Türk Ped Arş 2013;48:17-22. 19.Acunaş B, Baş AY, Uslu S. Türk Neonatoloji Derneği YüksekRiskli Bebeklere Yaklaşım ve İzlem Rehberi 2014.(http://www.neonatology.org.tr/images/stories/files/makaleler/yuksek_riskli_bebek.pdf). 20.Davies DP, Herbert S, Haxby V, McNeish AS. When shouldpre-term babies be sent home from neonatal units? Lancet.1979;1(8122):914 –915. 21.Casiro OG, McKenzie ME, McFadyen L, Shapiro C, SeshiaMM, MacDonald N, et al. Earlier discharge with community-based intervention for low birth weight infants: a randomizedtrial. Pediatrics 1993;92(1):128 –134. 22.Bakewell-Sachs S, Medoff-Cooper B, Escobar GJ, Silber JH, Lorch SA. Infant functional status: The timing of physiologic ma-turation of premature infants. 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Interaction between bedding and sleeping position inthe sudden infant death syndrome: a population based case-control study. BMJ 1990;301(6743):85-9. 33.Finer NN, Higgins R, Kattwinkel J, Martin RJ. Summary pro-ceedings from the apnea-of-prematurity group. Pediatrics 2006;117(3 Pt 2):S47-51. 34.Eichenwald EC, Aina A, Stark AR. Apnea frequently persists beyond term gestation in infants delivered at 24 to 28 weeks. Pediatrics 1997;100(3 Pt 1):354-9. 35.Darnall RA, Kattwinkel J, Nattie C, Robinson M. Margin ofsafety for discharge after apnea in preterm infants. Pediatrics.1997;100(5):795– 801. 36.Davis PG, Schmidt B, Roberts RS, Doyle LW, Asztalos E, Has-lam R et al. Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity Trial Group. Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity trial: benefits may vary insubgroups. J Pediatr 2010;156(3):382-7. 37.Ducrocq S, Biran-Mucignat V, Boelle PY, Lebas F, BaudonJJ, Gold F. [Apnea of prematurity: risk factors and ambula-tory treatment with caffeine citrate. Arch Pediatr 2006;13(10):1299-304. 38.Lorch SA, Srinivasan L, Escobar GJ. Epidemiology of apneaand bradycardia resolution in premature infants. Pediatrics2011;128(2):e366-73. 39.Ramanathan R, Corwin MJ, Hunt CE, Lister G, Tinsley LR,Baird T et al. Cardiorespiratory events recorded on home mo-nitors: Comparison of healthy infants with those at increasedrisk for SIDS. JAMA 2001;285(17):2199-207. 40.Barrington KJ, Finer N, Li D. Predischarge respiratory re-cordings in very low birth weight newborn infants. J Pediatr1996;129(6):934-40. 41.Brockmann PE, Poets A, Urschitz MS, Sokol- lik C, Poets CF.Reference values for pulse oximetry recordings in healthy termneonates during their first 5 days of life. Arch Dis Child Fe-tal Neonatal Ed 2011;96(5):F335-8. 42.Richard D, Poets CF, Neale S, Stebbens VA, Alexander JR,Southall DP. Arterial oxygen saturation in preterm neonateswithout respiratory failure. J Pediatr 1993;123(6):963-8. 43.STOP-ROP Multicenter Study Group. Supplemental therapeu-tic oxygen for prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity (STOP-ROP), a randomized controlled trial. I: Primary outcomes. Pe-diatrics 2000;105(2):295-310. 44.Askie LM, Henderson-Smart DJ, Irwig L, Simpson JM. Oxy-gen-saturation targets and outcomes in extremely preterm in-fants. N Engl J Med 2003;349(10):959-67. 45.Poets CF. When do infants need additional inspired oxygen?A review of the current literature. Pediatr Pulmonol1998;26(6):424-8. 46.Walsh MC, Wilson-Costello D, Zadell A, Newman N, Fana-roff A. Safety, reliability, and validity of a physiologic defi-nition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. J Perinatol2003;23(6):451-6. 47.Trzaski JM, Hagadorn JI, Hussain N, Schwenn J, Wittenzell-ner C. Predictors of successful discontinuation of supplemen-tal oxygen in very low-birth-weight infants with bronchopul-monary dyplasia approaching neonatal intensive care unit disc-harge. 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Year 2017,
Volume: 9 Issue: 4, 71 - 80, 20.07.2017
Abstract
Öz
Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinde (YYBÜ) teknoloji ve bilgi açısından kaydedilen iyileşmeyle beraber, çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı (ÇDDA) bebeklerin artan yaşama oranları prematüriteye bağlı ortaya çıkan komplikasyonların sıklığını da artırmış ve bu bebeklerin tedavi ve takibinde yeni tıbbi uygulamaları gündeme getirmiştir. Prematüre bebekler, erken dönemdeki sorunlarının yanı sıra uzun dönem nörogelişimsel bozukluklar gibi fonksiyonel kısıtlılığa yol açan kronik komplikasyon ve sekeller açısından yüksek riskli olduklarından ailenin olası riskleri, kısa ve uzun dönem izlemin önemini kavraması sağlanmalıdır. Prematüre bebeğin taburculuğa hazırlanmasında yönetim planı; bebeğin taburculuğa hazır olduğunun tespiti, aile ve ev ortamının hazırlığı, aile ve sağlık bakımını sağlayacaklar arasındaki iletişim, epikrizin hazırlanması ve taburculuk aşamalarını içermelidir. Bebeğin taburculuğa hazırolduğunu gösteren en önemli 4 fonksiyonel maturasyon göstergesi; termoregülasyon, solunumun kontrolü (apne takibi), solunumsal stabilite, beslenme/emme becerisi ve kilo alımıdır. Kapsamlı, iyi planlanmış bir yönetimle eve geçiş sürecinin optimal şartlarda sağlanması, tekrar hastaneye yatış ve mortalite riskini azaltacaktır. Bunedenle taburculuk hastaneye giriş anından itibaren başlayan bir süreç olmalıdır.
Keywords
References
- Kaynaklar 1.Guyer B, Hoyert DL, Martin JA, Ventura SJ, MacDorman MF,Strobino DM. Annual summary of vital statistics 1998. Pedi-atrics 1999; 104:1229-46. 2.Lemons JA, Bauer CR, Oh W, Korones SB, Papile LA, StollBJ et al. Very low birth weight outcomes of the National Ins-titute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Re-search Network, January 1995 through December 1996.NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Pediatrics2001;107(1):E1. 3.Merritt TA, Pillers D, Prows SL. Early NICU discharge of verylow birth weight infants: A critical review and analysis. Se-min Neonatol 2003;8(2):95-115. 4.Sáenz P, Cerdá M, Díaz JL, Yi P, Gorba M, Boronat N et al.Psychological stress of parents of preterm infants enrolled inan early discharge programme from the neonatal intensive careunit: A prospective randomised trial. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neo-natal Ed 2009;94(2):F98-F104. 5.Dağoğlu T. Prematüre Bebeğin Taburcu Edilmesi. DağoğluT, Ovalı F(editörler). Neonatoloji. 2. Baskı. İstanbul: NobelTıp Kitapevi; 2007. p.226 6.Lee SK, McMillan DD, Ohlsson A, Pendray M, Synnes A, WhyteR, et al. Variations in practice and outcomes in the CanadianNICU Network: 1996-1997. Pediatrics 2000;106(5):1070-9. 7.Canadian Neonatal Network Annual Report 2011: www. ca-nadianneonatalnetwork.org/Portal/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=rCV wkKlA4pc%3d&tabid=39 (Accessed November 6, 2013). 8.Rawlings JS, Scott JS. Postconceptional age of surviving pre-term low-birth-weight infants at hospital discharge. Arch Pe-diatr Adolesc Med 1996;150(3):260-2. 9.Hintz SR, Bann CM, Ambalavanan N, Cotten CM, Das A, Hig-gins RD. Predicting time to hospital discharge for extremelypreterm infants. Pediatrics 2010;125(1):e146-54. 10.Mandy T. Short-term complications of the preterm infant. Up-ToDate Eyl 2016. Available: http://www.uptodate.com/con-tents/short-term-complications-of-the-preterm-infant 11.Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Osterman MJ, Curtin SC, MatthewsTJ. Births: final data for 2013. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2015; 64:1. 12.Seikku L, Gissler M, Andersson S, Rahkonen P, Stefanovic V,Tikkanen M, et al. Asphyxia, Neurologic Morbidity, and Pe-rinatal Mortality in Early-Term and Postterm Birth. Pediat-rics 2016; 137. 13.Leone A, Ersfeld P, Adams M, Schiffer PM, Bucher HU, Ar-lettaz R. Neonatal morbidity in singleton late preterm infantscompared with full-term infants. Acta Paediatr 2012; 101:e6. 14.AcunaşB, BaşAY, Uslu S, Dı̇lli D, ÖzbaşS, Tezel B, AydınŞ. Yüksek Riskli Bebek İzlem Rehberi 2014. TC Sağlık Bakan-lığı, THSK, Çocuk Ve Ergen Sağlığı Daire Başkanlığı cocu-kergen.thsk.saglik.gov.tr 15.Kalyoncu O, Aygün C, Cetinoğlu E, Küçüködük S. Neonatalmorbidity and mortality of late-preterm babies. J Matern Fe-tal Neonatal Med 2010; 23(7):607-12. 16.Köroglu AÖ. Geç Pretermlerin Taburculuğa Hazırlanması veİzlemi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr Sci 2014;10(4).17.Boyle EM, Poulsen G, Field DJ, Kurinczuk JJ, Wolke D, Al-firevic Z et al. Effects of gestational age at birth on health out-comes at 3 and 5 years of age: population based cohort study.BMJ 2012; 344:e896 18.Binarbaşı P, Akın Y, Narter F, Telatar B, Polatoğlu E, Ağzı-kuru T. Geç preterm yenidoğanlarda hastalık ve ölüm oran-ları. Türk Ped Arş 2013;48:17-22. 19.Acunaş B, Baş AY, Uslu S. Türk Neonatoloji Derneği YüksekRiskli Bebeklere Yaklaşım ve İzlem Rehberi 2014.(http://www.neonatology.org.tr/images/stories/files/makaleler/yuksek_riskli_bebek.pdf). 20.Davies DP, Herbert S, Haxby V, McNeish AS. When shouldpre-term babies be sent home from neonatal units? Lancet.1979;1(8122):914 –915. 21.Casiro OG, McKenzie ME, McFadyen L, Shapiro C, SeshiaMM, MacDonald N, et al. Earlier discharge with community-based intervention for low birth weight infants: a randomizedtrial. Pediatrics 1993;92(1):128 –134. 22.Bakewell-Sachs S, Medoff-Cooper B, Escobar GJ, Silber JH, Lorch SA. Infant functional status: The timing of physiologic ma-turation of premature infants. Pediatrics 2009;123(5):e878-86. 23.Power G, Blood A. Fetal and Neonatal Physiology. In: Po-lin R, Fox W, Abman S, editors. Thermoregulation. Philadel-pia: Elsiever; 2011: 615–24. 24.Laptook AR, Salhab W, Bhaskar B. Neonatal Research Net-work. Admission temperature of low birth weight infants: pre-dictors and associated morbidities. Pediatrics 2007; 119:e643. 25.Sweet DG, Carnielli V, Greisen G, Hallman M, Ozek E, Plav-ka R, et al. European consensus guidelines on the managementof neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants2013 update. Neonatology 2013;103:353–68. 26.McCall EM, Alderdice FA, Halliday HL, Jenkins JG, VohraS. Interventions to prevent hypothermia at birth in pretermand/or low birthweight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev2010; :CD004210. 27.Wilson E, Maier RF, Norman M, Misselwitz B, Howell EA, Ze-itlin J, et al. Admission Hypothermia in Very Preterm Infantsand Neonatal Mortality and Morbidity. J Pediatr 2016; 175:61 28.Perlman JM, Wyllie J, Kattwinkel J, Wyckoff MH, Aziz K, Gu-insburg R, et al. Part 7: Neonatal Resuscitation: 2015 Inter-national Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation andEmergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Re-commendations. Circulation 2015; 132:S204 29.Jia YS, Lin ZL, Lv H, Li YM, Green R, Lin J. Effect of deli-very room temperature on the admission temperature of pre-mature infants: a randomized controlled trial. J Perinatol2013; 33:264 30.Nimbalkar SM. Effect of early skin-to skin contact followingnormal delivery on incidence of hypothermia in neonates morethan1800g: randomized control trial. J Perinatol2014;34(5):364. 31.New K, Flenady V, Davies MW. Transfer of preterm infantsfrom incubator to open cot at lower versus higher body we-ight. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011(9):CD004214. 32.Fleming PJ, Gilbert R, Azaz Y, Berry PJ, Rudd PT, StewartA, et al. Interaction between bedding and sleeping position inthe sudden infant death syndrome: a population based case-control study. BMJ 1990;301(6743):85-9. 33.Finer NN, Higgins R, Kattwinkel J, Martin RJ. Summary pro-ceedings from the apnea-of-prematurity group. Pediatrics 2006;117(3 Pt 2):S47-51. 34.Eichenwald EC, Aina A, Stark AR. Apnea frequently persists beyond term gestation in infants delivered at 24 to 28 weeks. Pediatrics 1997;100(3 Pt 1):354-9. 35.Darnall RA, Kattwinkel J, Nattie C, Robinson M. Margin ofsafety for discharge after apnea in preterm infants. Pediatrics.1997;100(5):795– 801. 36.Davis PG, Schmidt B, Roberts RS, Doyle LW, Asztalos E, Has-lam R et al. Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity Trial Group. Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity trial: benefits may vary insubgroups. J Pediatr 2010;156(3):382-7. 37.Ducrocq S, Biran-Mucignat V, Boelle PY, Lebas F, BaudonJJ, Gold F. [Apnea of prematurity: risk factors and ambula-tory treatment with caffeine citrate. Arch Pediatr 2006;13(10):1299-304. 38.Lorch SA, Srinivasan L, Escobar GJ. Epidemiology of apneaand bradycardia resolution in premature infants. Pediatrics2011;128(2):e366-73. 39.Ramanathan R, Corwin MJ, Hunt CE, Lister G, Tinsley LR,Baird T et al. Cardiorespiratory events recorded on home mo-nitors: Comparison of healthy infants with those at increasedrisk for SIDS. JAMA 2001;285(17):2199-207. 40.Barrington KJ, Finer N, Li D. Predischarge respiratory re-cordings in very low birth weight newborn infants. J Pediatr1996;129(6):934-40. 41.Brockmann PE, Poets A, Urschitz MS, Sokol- lik C, Poets CF.Reference values for pulse oximetry recordings in healthy termneonates during their first 5 days of life. Arch Dis Child Fe-tal Neonatal Ed 2011;96(5):F335-8. 42.Richard D, Poets CF, Neale S, Stebbens VA, Alexander JR,Southall DP. Arterial oxygen saturation in preterm neonateswithout respiratory failure. J Pediatr 1993;123(6):963-8. 43.STOP-ROP Multicenter Study Group. Supplemental therapeu-tic oxygen for prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity (STOP-ROP), a randomized controlled trial. I: Primary outcomes. Pe-diatrics 2000;105(2):295-310. 44.Askie LM, Henderson-Smart DJ, Irwig L, Simpson JM. Oxy-gen-saturation targets and outcomes in extremely preterm in-fants. N Engl J Med 2003;349(10):959-67. 45.Poets CF. When do infants need additional inspired oxygen?A review of the current literature. Pediatr Pulmonol1998;26(6):424-8. 46.Walsh MC, Wilson-Costello D, Zadell A, Newman N, Fana-roff A. Safety, reliability, and validity of a physiologic defi-nition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. J Perinatol2003;23(6):451-6. 47.Trzaski JM, Hagadorn JI, Hussain N, Schwenn J, Wittenzell-ner C. Predictors of successful discontinuation of supplemen-tal oxygen in very low-birth-weight infants with bronchopul-monary dyplasia approaching neonatal intensive care unit disc-harge. Am J Perinatol 2012;29(2):79-86. 48.Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand, Fitzgerald DA,Massie RJ, Nixon GM, Jaffe A, Wilson A, et al. Infants with chro-nic neonatal lung disease: Recommendations for the use of homeoxygen therapy. Med J Aust 2008;189(10):578-82. 49.Harigopal S, Satish HP, Taktak AF, Southern KW, Shaw NJ.Oxygen saturation profile in healthy preterm infants. Arch DisChild Fetal Neonatal Ed 2011;96(5):F339-42. 50.Teune MJ, Bakhuizen S, Gyamfi Bannerman C, Opmeer BC,van Kaam AH, van Wassenaer AG. A systematic review of se-vere morbidity in infants born late preterm. Am J Obstet Gyne-col 2011;205(4):374.e1-9. 51.Gewolb IH, Vice FL. Abnormalities in the coordination of res-piration and swallow in preterm infants with bronchopulmo-nary dysplasia. Dev Med Child Neurol 2006;48(7):595-9. 52.Lau C, Smith EO. Interventions to improve the oral feedingperformance of preterm infants. Acta Paediatr2012;101(7):269-74. 53.Pinelli J, Symington A. 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Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | makale |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | July 20, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017 Volume: 9 Issue: 4 |
