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Year 2013, Volume: 30 Issue: 4, 311 - 315, 04.02.2014
https://doi.org/10.5835/jecm.omu.30.04.006

Abstract

References

  • Calle, E.E., Rodriguez, C., Walker-Thurmond, K., Thun, M.J., 2003. Overweight, obesity and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S.adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 348, 1625-1638.
  • Calle, J., Wulftange, H., Goerg, T., Ziegler, A., Hinney, A., Barth, N., 2000. Epidemic obesity: Are genetic factors involved via increased rates of assortative mating? Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 24, 345-353.
  • Chou, S.Y., Grossman, M., Saffer, H., 2004. An economic analysis of adult obesity: Results from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. J. Health. Econ. 23, 565-587.
  • Fang, H., Ali, M.M., Rizzo, J.A., 2009. Does smoking affect body weight and obesity in China? Econ. Hum. Biol. 7, 334-350.
  • Feng, L., Ning, Z., Kai-Wen, C., Hua, W., 2010. Reduced smoking and rising obesity: Does smoking ban in the workplace matter? Economics Letters.108, 249-252.
  • Freedman, D.M., Sigurdson, A.J., Rajaraman, P., Doody, M.M., Linet, M.S., Ron, E., 2006. The mortality risk of smoking and obesity combined. Am. J. Prev. Med. 3, 355-362.
  • Goday-Arnó, A., Calvo-Bonacho, E., Sánchez-Chaparro, M.A., Gelpi, J.A., Sainz, J.C., Santamaría, S., Navarro, R.I., Gutiérrez, F., Sanz, C., Caveda, E., Reviriego, J., 2013. High prevalence of obesity in a Spanish working population. Endocrinol. Nutr. 60, 173-178.
  • Hill, J.O., Melanson, E.L., Wyatt, H.T., 2000. Dietary fat intake and regulation of energy balance: Implications for obesity. J. Nutr. 130, 284-288. Hodgson, T.A., 1992. Cigarette smoking and lifetime medical expenditures. Milbank. Q. 70, 81-125.
  • Klesges, R.C., Meyers, A.W., Klesges, L.M., La Vasque, M.E., 1989. Smoking, body weight, and their effects on smoking behavior: A comprehensive review of the literature. Psychol. Bull. 106, 204-230.
  • Lee, D.H., Ha, M.H., Kim, J.R., Jacobs, D.R., 2001. Effects of smoking cessation on changes in blood pressure and incidence of hypertension: A 4-year follow-up study. Hypertension. 37, 194-198.
  • Michelle, M., Janet, E.F., David, E.N., Harold, W.K., 2007. Cigarette smoking status and the association between media use and overweight and obesity. Am. J. Epidemiol. 166, 795-802.
  • Molarius, A., Seidell, J.C., 1997. Differences in the association between smoking and relative body weight by level of education. International Journal of Obesity. 21, 189-196.
  • Ogden, C.L., Carroll, M.D., Curtin, L.R., McDowell, M.A., Tabak, C.J., Flegal, K.M., 2006. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999–2004. JAMA. 295, 1549-1555.
  • Park, E., 2009. Gender as a moderator in the association of body weight to smoking and mental health. Am. J. Public Health. 99, 146-151.
  • Qin, X., Zhang, Y., Cai, Y., He M., Sun, L., Fu, J., 2013. Prevalence of obesity, abdominal obesity and associated factors in hypertensive adults aged 45-75 years. Clin. Nutr. 32, 361-367.
  • Rásky, E., Stronegger, W.J., Freidl, W., 1996. The relationship between body weight and patterns of smoking in women and men. Int. J. Epidemiol. 25, 1208-1212.
  • Saarni, S.E., Pietilainen, K.H., Kantonen, S., Rissanen, A., Kaprio, J., 2009. Association of smoking in adolescence with abdominal obesity in adulthood: A follow-up study of 5 birth cohorts of Finnish Twins. Am. J. Public Health. 99, 348-354.
  • Sulander, T., Rahkonen, O., Nissinen, A., Uutela, A., 2007. Association of smoking status with obesity and diabetes among elderly people. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 45, 159-167.
  • Xu, F., Yin, X.M., Wang, Y., 2007. The association between amount of cigarettes smoked and overweight, central obesity among Chinese adults in Nanjing, China. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 16, 240-247.
  • Yun, J.E., Kimm, H., Choi, Y.J., Jee, S.H., Huh, K.B., 2012. Smoking is associated with abdominal obesity, not overall obesity, in men with type 2 diabetes. J. Prev. Med. Public. Health. 45, 316-322.

The relationship between cigarette smoking and obesity

Year 2013, Volume: 30 Issue: 4, 311 - 315, 04.02.2014
https://doi.org/10.5835/jecm.omu.30.04.006

Abstract

The cigarette smoking and the obesity are the main reasons of mortality and the morbidity. There are limited studies detecting the relationship between smoking and obesity. However the reported results are contradictory. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of smoking on body mass index and obesity. A total of 983 patients consisting of 464 (47%) male and 519 (53%) female who admitted to department of chest disease outpatient clinic were enrolled in this study. The age, gender, body mass index (BMI), diastolic and systolic blood pressure levels and smoking states of the patients were recorded. The mean age of patients was 50.7±14.8 years (range 20-80). We detected the obesity in 359 (37%) patients. Compared to smoker females, obesity rate was found significantly higher in non-smoker females (p<0.001). Similarly, there was also significant difference between the smoker and non-smoker males, which was lower than the female group (p=0.041). We found significantly lower BMI scores in female smokers, than non-smokers and ex smokers group (p=0.026 and p<0.001 respectively). Similar results were obtained in males (p=0.019, p<0.001 respectively). There was a positive correlation between BMI and age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A negative correlation was found between BMI and smoking amount (pack-year) (p<0.001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were found to be lower in smokers than non-smokers in both genders (p<0.001). Cigarette smoking causes a decrease in body mass index, obesity rates and blood pressure levels. The substances found in cigarettes and the mechanism of action leading to these effects are unclear. There is a need for further studies on this topic.

References

  • Calle, E.E., Rodriguez, C., Walker-Thurmond, K., Thun, M.J., 2003. Overweight, obesity and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S.adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 348, 1625-1638.
  • Calle, J., Wulftange, H., Goerg, T., Ziegler, A., Hinney, A., Barth, N., 2000. Epidemic obesity: Are genetic factors involved via increased rates of assortative mating? Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 24, 345-353.
  • Chou, S.Y., Grossman, M., Saffer, H., 2004. An economic analysis of adult obesity: Results from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. J. Health. Econ. 23, 565-587.
  • Fang, H., Ali, M.M., Rizzo, J.A., 2009. Does smoking affect body weight and obesity in China? Econ. Hum. Biol. 7, 334-350.
  • Feng, L., Ning, Z., Kai-Wen, C., Hua, W., 2010. Reduced smoking and rising obesity: Does smoking ban in the workplace matter? Economics Letters.108, 249-252.
  • Freedman, D.M., Sigurdson, A.J., Rajaraman, P., Doody, M.M., Linet, M.S., Ron, E., 2006. The mortality risk of smoking and obesity combined. Am. J. Prev. Med. 3, 355-362.
  • Goday-Arnó, A., Calvo-Bonacho, E., Sánchez-Chaparro, M.A., Gelpi, J.A., Sainz, J.C., Santamaría, S., Navarro, R.I., Gutiérrez, F., Sanz, C., Caveda, E., Reviriego, J., 2013. High prevalence of obesity in a Spanish working population. Endocrinol. Nutr. 60, 173-178.
  • Hill, J.O., Melanson, E.L., Wyatt, H.T., 2000. Dietary fat intake and regulation of energy balance: Implications for obesity. J. Nutr. 130, 284-288. Hodgson, T.A., 1992. Cigarette smoking and lifetime medical expenditures. Milbank. Q. 70, 81-125.
  • Klesges, R.C., Meyers, A.W., Klesges, L.M., La Vasque, M.E., 1989. Smoking, body weight, and their effects on smoking behavior: A comprehensive review of the literature. Psychol. Bull. 106, 204-230.
  • Lee, D.H., Ha, M.H., Kim, J.R., Jacobs, D.R., 2001. Effects of smoking cessation on changes in blood pressure and incidence of hypertension: A 4-year follow-up study. Hypertension. 37, 194-198.
  • Michelle, M., Janet, E.F., David, E.N., Harold, W.K., 2007. Cigarette smoking status and the association between media use and overweight and obesity. Am. J. Epidemiol. 166, 795-802.
  • Molarius, A., Seidell, J.C., 1997. Differences in the association between smoking and relative body weight by level of education. International Journal of Obesity. 21, 189-196.
  • Ogden, C.L., Carroll, M.D., Curtin, L.R., McDowell, M.A., Tabak, C.J., Flegal, K.M., 2006. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999–2004. JAMA. 295, 1549-1555.
  • Park, E., 2009. Gender as a moderator in the association of body weight to smoking and mental health. Am. J. Public Health. 99, 146-151.
  • Qin, X., Zhang, Y., Cai, Y., He M., Sun, L., Fu, J., 2013. Prevalence of obesity, abdominal obesity and associated factors in hypertensive adults aged 45-75 years. Clin. Nutr. 32, 361-367.
  • Rásky, E., Stronegger, W.J., Freidl, W., 1996. The relationship between body weight and patterns of smoking in women and men. Int. J. Epidemiol. 25, 1208-1212.
  • Saarni, S.E., Pietilainen, K.H., Kantonen, S., Rissanen, A., Kaprio, J., 2009. Association of smoking in adolescence with abdominal obesity in adulthood: A follow-up study of 5 birth cohorts of Finnish Twins. Am. J. Public Health. 99, 348-354.
  • Sulander, T., Rahkonen, O., Nissinen, A., Uutela, A., 2007. Association of smoking status with obesity and diabetes among elderly people. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 45, 159-167.
  • Xu, F., Yin, X.M., Wang, Y., 2007. The association between amount of cigarettes smoked and overweight, central obesity among Chinese adults in Nanjing, China. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 16, 240-247.
  • Yun, J.E., Kimm, H., Choi, Y.J., Jee, S.H., Huh, K.B., 2012. Smoking is associated with abdominal obesity, not overall obesity, in men with type 2 diabetes. J. Prev. Med. Public. Health. 45, 316-322.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Internal Medical Sciences
Authors

Aziz Gümüş

Servet Kayhan

Halit Cinarka This is me

Serap Baydur

Derya Gıakoup This is me

Ünal Şahin

Publication Date February 4, 2014
Submission Date September 3, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 30 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Gümüş, A., Kayhan, S., Cinarka, H., Baydur, S., et al. (2014). The relationship between cigarette smoking and obesity. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 30(4), 311-315. https://doi.org/10.5835/jecm.omu.30.04.006
AMA Gümüş A, Kayhan S, Cinarka H, Baydur S, Gıakoup D, Şahin Ü. The relationship between cigarette smoking and obesity. J. Exp. Clin. Med. February 2014;30(4):311-315. doi:10.5835/jecm.omu.30.04.006
Chicago Gümüş, Aziz, Servet Kayhan, Halit Cinarka, Serap Baydur, Derya Gıakoup, and Ünal Şahin. “The Relationship Between Cigarette Smoking and Obesity”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 30, no. 4 (February 2014): 311-15. https://doi.org/10.5835/jecm.omu.30.04.006.
EndNote Gümüş A, Kayhan S, Cinarka H, Baydur S, Gıakoup D, Şahin Ü (February 1, 2014) The relationship between cigarette smoking and obesity. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 30 4 311–315.
IEEE A. Gümüş, S. Kayhan, H. Cinarka, S. Baydur, D. Gıakoup, and Ü. Şahin, “The relationship between cigarette smoking and obesity”, J. Exp. Clin. Med., vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 311–315, 2014, doi: 10.5835/jecm.omu.30.04.006.
ISNAD Gümüş, Aziz et al. “The Relationship Between Cigarette Smoking and Obesity”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 30/4 (February 2014), 311-315. https://doi.org/10.5835/jecm.omu.30.04.006.
JAMA Gümüş A, Kayhan S, Cinarka H, Baydur S, Gıakoup D, Şahin Ü. The relationship between cigarette smoking and obesity. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2014;30:311–315.
MLA Gümüş, Aziz et al. “The Relationship Between Cigarette Smoking and Obesity”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, vol. 30, no. 4, 2014, pp. 311-5, doi:10.5835/jecm.omu.30.04.006.
Vancouver Gümüş A, Kayhan S, Cinarka H, Baydur S, Gıakoup D, Şahin Ü. The relationship between cigarette smoking and obesity. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2014;30(4):311-5.