Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Erektil Disfonksiyo’nun(ED)
şiddeti ile aort sertliği arasındaki ilişkiyi ve ED şiddetine bağlı olarak
kardiyovasküler risklerin artıp artmadığını değerlendirmektir.
Yöntem: Çalışmamız; merkezimiz üroloji polikliniğinde ED
tanısı alan 120 hasta ve kontrol grubu olarak yaş ve cinsiyet olarak uygun 30 gönüllü grubunu içermektedir.
Çalışmada ve kontrol gruplarındaki ED derecesi; 1 ila 5 puan arasında
derecelendirilen Uluslararası Erektil Disfonksiyon İndeksi (IIEF-5)
kullanılarak saptandı. Aortik elastikiyet parametreleri aort fonksiyonunun
göstergeleri olarak kabul edildi. Aort sistolik ve diastolik indeksleri aortik
sistolik ve diyastolik çaplarının beden kitle indeksine oranı ile elde edildi.
Bulgular: Ekokardiyografik bulgular ve aort elastikiyeti
parametreleri hasta ve kontrol grubu arasında karşılaştırıldığında, hasta
grubunda Distensibilite (cm2/dyn–1/103) 3.7 ± 1.42, kontrol grubunda 4.6 ± 2.2
saptanırken aortik strain (%) hasta grubunda% 4.9 ± 2.6, kontrol grubunda% 7.6
± 3.2 idi (p = 0.009). ED derecesi aortik elastikiyet parametrelerine göre
değerlendirildiğinde, kontrol grubu ile hafif derecede ED grubu arasında aort
sertliği açısından anlamlı fark vardı. Ek olarak, hafif ve şiddetli ED grupları
arasında da aort sertliği açısından
anlamlı fark saptandı; Ancak, hafif ED ile orta ED, Orta ED ile şiddetli
ED arasında anlamlı bir farklılık yoktu.
Sonuç: ED'li hastalarda
aort sertliği artmaktadır. Buna ek olarak, aort sertliği ED'nin şiddeti
arttıkça artmaktadır. Bu bulgu, ED'nin şiddeti arttıkça kardiyovasküler
risklerin daha yüksek olacağını düşündürmektedir.
References
- 1- Hackett G, Kell P, Ralph D et al. British Society for Sexual Medicine guidelines on the management of erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med 2008;5:1841–65. 2- Burke JP, Jacobson DJ, McGree ME, et al. Diabetes and sexual dysfunction: results from the Olmsted County study of urinary symptoms and health status among men. J Urol 2007;177:1438-1442. 3- Gades NM, Nehra A, Jacobson DJ et al. Cigarette smoking and erectile dysfunction among Chinese men without clinical vascular disease. Am J Epidemiol 2008;167:882-883 4- Gades NM, Nehra A, Jacobson DJ, et al. Association between smoking and erectile dysfunction: a population-based study. Am J Epidemiol 2005;161:346-351 5- Sullivan ME, Thompson CS, Dashwood MR, et al. Nitric oxide and penile erection: is erectile dysfunction another manifestation of vascular disease? Cardiovasc Res 1999; 43: 658-65. 6- Saenz de Tejada I, Goldstein I, Azadzoi K,et al. Impaired neurogenic and endothelium-mediated relaxation of penile smooth muscle from diabetic men with impotence. N Engl J Med 1989; 320:1025-30 7- S. Kinlay, M. A. Creager, M. Fukumoto et al., “Endothelium- derived nitric oxide regulates arterial elasticity in human arteries in vivo,” Hypertension, 2001vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 1049–1053, 8- O. Mirea, I. Donoiu, and I. E. Ple¸sea, “Arterial aging: a brief review,”Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology, 2012 vol. 53,no.3,pp.473–477,. 9- M. M.Polovina and T.S.Potpara,“Endothelial dysfunction in metabolic and vascular disorders,” Postgraduate Medicine, vol. 126,no.2,pp.38–53,2014
- 10- Arnett DK, Evans GW, Rİley WA. Arterial stiffness a new cardiovascular risk factor. Am J Epidemiol. 1994;140(8):669-682
- 11- Cappelleri JC, Siegel RL, Glasser DB et al. Relationship between patient self-assessment of erectile dysfunction and the sexual health inventory for men. Clin Ther 2001;23(10):1707-19. 12- Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, et al. Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography’s Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005;18:1440-63. 13- Kawasaki T, Sasayama S, Yagi S,et al T: Non-invasive assessment of the age related changes in stiffness of major branches of the human arteries. Cardiovasc Res 1987;21:678–687. 14- Mackenzie IS, Wilkinson IB, Cockcroft JR: Assessment of arterial stiffness in clinical practice. Q J Med 2002;95:67–74. 15- Jackson G. Erectile dysfunction: a marker of increased cardiovascular risk. Hypertension. 2014 Sep;64(3):463-4. 16- Feldman HA, Johannes CB, Derby CA, et al. Erectile dysfunction and coronary risk factors: Prospective results from the Massachusetts male aging study. Prev Med 2000;30:328–38. 17- Saigal CS, Wessells H, Pace J, et al . Predictors and prevalence of erectile dysfunction in a racially diverse population. Arch Intern Med 2006;166:207–12. 18- Schouten BW, Bohnen AM, Bosch JL, et al. Erectile dysfunction prospectively associated with cardiovascular disease in the Dutch general population: Results from the Krimpen Study. Int J Impot Res 2008;20:92–9. 19- Billups KL, Bank AJ, Padma-Nathan H, et al. Erectile dysfunction is a marker for cardiovascular disease: Results of the minority health institute expert advisory panel.J Sex Med 2005;2:40–50. 20- Thompson IM, Tangen CM, Goodman PJ, et al. Erectile dysfunction and subsequent cardiovascular disease. JAMA 2005;294:2996–3002. 21- Araujo AB, Hall SA, Ganz P, et al. Does erectile dysfunction contribute to cardiovascular disease risk prediction beyond the Framingham risk score? J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55:350–6. 22- BohmM, Baumhakel M, Teo K, et al. Erectile dysfunction predicts cardiovascular events in high-risk patients receiving telmisartan, ramipril, or both: The ONgoing Telmisartan Alone and in combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial/Telmisartan randomized assessment study in ACE iN tolerant subjects with cardiovascular disease (ONTARGET/ TRANSCEND) Trials. Circulation 2010;121:1439–46. 23- Araujo AB, Travison TG, Ganz P, et al. Erectile dysfunction and mortality. J Sex Med 2009;6:2445–54 24- T. Roumegu`ere, E. Wespes, Y. Carpentier, et al.“Erectile dysfunction is associated with a high prevalence of hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease risk,” EuropeanUrology,vol.44,no.3,pp.355–359,2003 25- .Mathur KS, Kashyap SK, Kumar V. Correlation of the extent and severity of atherosclerosis in the coronary and cerebral arteries. Circulation 1963;27:929-34. 26- Van Popele NM, Grobbee DE, Bots ML, et al. Association between arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis: the Rotterdam Study. Stroke 2001;32:454-60. 27- Benetos A, Waeber B, Izzo J, et al. Influence of age, risk factors, and cardiovascular and renal disease on arterial stiffness: clinical applications. Am J Hypertens 2002;15:1101-8. 28- Stefanadis C, Tsiamis E, Vlachopoulos C, et al. Unfavorable effect of smoking on the elastic properties of the human aorta. Circulation 1997;95:31-8 29- Avolio AP, Chen SG, Wang RP, et al. Effects of aging on changing arterial compliance and left ventricular load in a northern Chinese urban community. Circulation 1983;68:50-8. 30- Eryol NK, Topsakal R, Cicek Y, et al. Color Doppler tissue imaging in assessing the elastic properties of the aorta and in predicting coronary artery disease. Jpn Heart J 2002;43:219-30. 31- Lehmann ED, Gosling RG, Sonksen PH. Arterial wall compliance in diabetes. Diabet Med 1992;9:114-9. 8. 32- Safar ME, Frohlich ED. The arterial system in hypertension. A prospective view. Hypertension 1995;26:10-4. 9. 33- Pitsavos C, Toutouzas K, Dernellis J, et al. Aortic stiffness in young patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Am Heart J 1998;135:604-8. 34- Vlachopoulos C, Ioakeimidis N, Aznaouridis K, et al, Panagiotakos D, Stefanadis C. Prediction of cardiovascular events with aortic stiffness in patients with erectile dysfunction. Hypertension. 2014 Sep;64(3):672-8.
Abstract
Objective: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the
relationship between the degree of ED and aortic stiffness and whether
cardiovascular risks increase in relation to the severity of ED.
Methods: The study comprised 120 patients, who were diagnosed
with ED at the urology outpatient clinics of our center, as the study group,
and age- and gender-matched 30 volunteers as the control group. Erectile
dysfunction in the study and the control groups were evaluated using the
International Index of Erectile Dysfunction (IIEF-5), the items of which are
rated from 1 to 5 points. The parameters of aortic elasticity were regarded as
the indicators of aortic function. Aortic systolic and diastolic indices were
acquired by the ratio of aortic systolic and diastolic diameters to the body
mass index.
Results: When the echocardiography findings and the parameters
of aortic elasticity were compared between the patient and control group,
Distensibility (cm2/dyn–1/103) was 3.7±1.42 in the patient group and 4.6±2.2 in
the control group, whereas aortic strain
(%) was 4.9±2.6% in the patient group and 7.6±3.2% in the control group
(p=0.009). When the degree of ED was evaluated according to the parameters of
aortic elasticity, there was a significant difference between the control group
and the ED group as well as between the control group and mild ED group, in terms
of aortic stiffness. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between
the mild and severe ED groups; however, there was no significant difference
between moderate ED and mild and severe ED.
Conclusion: There is an increased aortic stiffness in patients
with ED. In addition, the degree of aortic stiffness increases with the
increasing severity of ED. This finding suggests that cardiovascular risks
would be higher with increasing severity of ED.
References
- 1- Hackett G, Kell P, Ralph D et al. British Society for Sexual Medicine guidelines on the management of erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med 2008;5:1841–65. 2- Burke JP, Jacobson DJ, McGree ME, et al. Diabetes and sexual dysfunction: results from the Olmsted County study of urinary symptoms and health status among men. J Urol 2007;177:1438-1442. 3- Gades NM, Nehra A, Jacobson DJ et al. Cigarette smoking and erectile dysfunction among Chinese men without clinical vascular disease. Am J Epidemiol 2008;167:882-883 4- Gades NM, Nehra A, Jacobson DJ, et al. Association between smoking and erectile dysfunction: a population-based study. Am J Epidemiol 2005;161:346-351 5- Sullivan ME, Thompson CS, Dashwood MR, et al. Nitric oxide and penile erection: is erectile dysfunction another manifestation of vascular disease? Cardiovasc Res 1999; 43: 658-65. 6- Saenz de Tejada I, Goldstein I, Azadzoi K,et al. Impaired neurogenic and endothelium-mediated relaxation of penile smooth muscle from diabetic men with impotence. N Engl J Med 1989; 320:1025-30 7- S. Kinlay, M. A. Creager, M. Fukumoto et al., “Endothelium- derived nitric oxide regulates arterial elasticity in human arteries in vivo,” Hypertension, 2001vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 1049–1053, 8- O. Mirea, I. Donoiu, and I. E. Ple¸sea, “Arterial aging: a brief review,”Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology, 2012 vol. 53,no.3,pp.473–477,. 9- M. M.Polovina and T.S.Potpara,“Endothelial dysfunction in metabolic and vascular disorders,” Postgraduate Medicine, vol. 126,no.2,pp.38–53,2014
- 10- Arnett DK, Evans GW, Rİley WA. Arterial stiffness a new cardiovascular risk factor. Am J Epidemiol. 1994;140(8):669-682
- 11- Cappelleri JC, Siegel RL, Glasser DB et al. Relationship between patient self-assessment of erectile dysfunction and the sexual health inventory for men. Clin Ther 2001;23(10):1707-19. 12- Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, et al. Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography’s Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005;18:1440-63. 13- Kawasaki T, Sasayama S, Yagi S,et al T: Non-invasive assessment of the age related changes in stiffness of major branches of the human arteries. Cardiovasc Res 1987;21:678–687. 14- Mackenzie IS, Wilkinson IB, Cockcroft JR: Assessment of arterial stiffness in clinical practice. Q J Med 2002;95:67–74. 15- Jackson G. Erectile dysfunction: a marker of increased cardiovascular risk. Hypertension. 2014 Sep;64(3):463-4. 16- Feldman HA, Johannes CB, Derby CA, et al. Erectile dysfunction and coronary risk factors: Prospective results from the Massachusetts male aging study. Prev Med 2000;30:328–38. 17- Saigal CS, Wessells H, Pace J, et al . Predictors and prevalence of erectile dysfunction in a racially diverse population. Arch Intern Med 2006;166:207–12. 18- Schouten BW, Bohnen AM, Bosch JL, et al. Erectile dysfunction prospectively associated with cardiovascular disease in the Dutch general population: Results from the Krimpen Study. Int J Impot Res 2008;20:92–9. 19- Billups KL, Bank AJ, Padma-Nathan H, et al. Erectile dysfunction is a marker for cardiovascular disease: Results of the minority health institute expert advisory panel.J Sex Med 2005;2:40–50. 20- Thompson IM, Tangen CM, Goodman PJ, et al. Erectile dysfunction and subsequent cardiovascular disease. JAMA 2005;294:2996–3002. 21- Araujo AB, Hall SA, Ganz P, et al. Does erectile dysfunction contribute to cardiovascular disease risk prediction beyond the Framingham risk score? J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55:350–6. 22- BohmM, Baumhakel M, Teo K, et al. Erectile dysfunction predicts cardiovascular events in high-risk patients receiving telmisartan, ramipril, or both: The ONgoing Telmisartan Alone and in combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial/Telmisartan randomized assessment study in ACE iN tolerant subjects with cardiovascular disease (ONTARGET/ TRANSCEND) Trials. Circulation 2010;121:1439–46. 23- Araujo AB, Travison TG, Ganz P, et al. Erectile dysfunction and mortality. J Sex Med 2009;6:2445–54 24- T. Roumegu`ere, E. Wespes, Y. Carpentier, et al.“Erectile dysfunction is associated with a high prevalence of hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease risk,” EuropeanUrology,vol.44,no.3,pp.355–359,2003 25- .Mathur KS, Kashyap SK, Kumar V. Correlation of the extent and severity of atherosclerosis in the coronary and cerebral arteries. Circulation 1963;27:929-34. 26- Van Popele NM, Grobbee DE, Bots ML, et al. Association between arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis: the Rotterdam Study. Stroke 2001;32:454-60. 27- Benetos A, Waeber B, Izzo J, et al. Influence of age, risk factors, and cardiovascular and renal disease on arterial stiffness: clinical applications. Am J Hypertens 2002;15:1101-8. 28- Stefanadis C, Tsiamis E, Vlachopoulos C, et al. Unfavorable effect of smoking on the elastic properties of the human aorta. Circulation 1997;95:31-8 29- Avolio AP, Chen SG, Wang RP, et al. Effects of aging on changing arterial compliance and left ventricular load in a northern Chinese urban community. Circulation 1983;68:50-8. 30- Eryol NK, Topsakal R, Cicek Y, et al. Color Doppler tissue imaging in assessing the elastic properties of the aorta and in predicting coronary artery disease. Jpn Heart J 2002;43:219-30. 31- Lehmann ED, Gosling RG, Sonksen PH. Arterial wall compliance in diabetes. Diabet Med 1992;9:114-9. 8. 32- Safar ME, Frohlich ED. The arterial system in hypertension. A prospective view. Hypertension 1995;26:10-4. 9. 33- Pitsavos C, Toutouzas K, Dernellis J, et al. Aortic stiffness in young patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Am Heart J 1998;135:604-8. 34- Vlachopoulos C, Ioakeimidis N, Aznaouridis K, et al, Panagiotakos D, Stefanadis C. Prediction of cardiovascular events with aortic stiffness in patients with erectile dysfunction. Hypertension. 2014 Sep;64(3):672-8.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 26, 2018 |
| Submission Date | January 13, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 8 Issue: 1 |
The published articles in SMJ are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.