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The relationship between burnout and perceived stress among physician mothers with children aged 0-6: A cross-sectional study

Year 2023, Volume: 17 Issue: 2 - Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 226 - 232, 20.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1190036

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the burnout level of physician mothers with children aged 0-6 years and the relationship between burnout and stress.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. It was carried out in Samsun between March and June 2020. Physician mothers with children aged 0-6 were included in the study. A questionnaire form created by the researchers was used. The questionnaire form was applied to the participants online via Google Forms. Snowball sampling was used. Sociodemographic data form, Maslach Burnout Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale were used.
Results: A total of 394 physician mothers participated. 48.5% of the participants were over 35 years old, and 97% were married. 50.0% of the participants had only one child. 59.1% of the mothers worked as day shifts. 47.0% of the participants stated that they feel guilty towards their children because they work, and 53.0% of the mothers do not experience difficulties at work because they are mothers. 68.8% can get social support in the workplace, and 83.5% of the mothers stated that they could easily get permission when there was a situation related to their children. Participants scored 5.8 ± 3.2 points from the depersonalization dimension, 18.2 ± 6.3 points from the emotional burnout dimension, and 11.8 ±3.5 points from the personal accomplishment dimension of the Maslach Burnout Scale. Depersonalization was higher in mothers with one child. Emotional burnout was higher in mothers who were on duty as physicians compared to mothers who worked during the day. Participants who were over the age of 35 or had more than one child had higher personal accomplishment scores. Those who felt guilty about working and had difficulties at work because they were mothers had higher levels of emotional burnout. Emotional burnout, depersonalization, and perceived stress levels were lower in those who could receive support from their social environment at work and who could easily take leave in situations involving their children. Those with a history of psychiatric illness and those who felt guilty towards their children because they were working mothers had higher levels of perceived stress. The highness of all dimensions of burnout was associated with high levels of perceived stress.
Conclusion: Physician mothers' burnout and perceived stress levels were high during the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors related to the workplace were found to affect stress and burnout. Workplace support mechanisms were found to cause less perceived perception of burnout and stress.

References

  • 1. Maslach C, Jackson SE. The Measurement of Experienced Burnout. J Occup Behav. 1981;2(2):99-113.
  • 2. O'Dea B, O'Connor P, Lydon S, Murphy AW. Prevalence of burnout among Irish general practitioners: a cross-sectional study. Ir J Med Sci. 2017;186(2):447-453.
  • 3. Pelsma DM, Roland B, Tollefson N, Wigington H. Parent Burnout - Validation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory with a Sample of Mothers. Meas Eval Couns Dev. 1989;22(2):81-87.
  • 4. Vigouroux SL, Scola C. Differences in Parental Burnout: Influence of Demographic Factors and Personality of Parents and Children. Front Psychol. 2018;9:887.
  • 5. Mikolajczak M, Raes ME, Avalosse H, Roskam I. Exhausted Parents: Sociodemographic, Child-Related, Parent-Related, Parenting and Family-Functioning Correlates of Parental Burnout. J Child Fam Stud. 2017;27(2):602-614.
  • 6. Lebert-Charron A, Dorard G, Boujut E, Wendland J. Maternal Burnout Syndrome: Contextual and Psychological Associated Factors. Front Psychol. 2018;9:885.
  • 7. Sanchez-Rodriguez R, Orsini E, Laflaquiere E, Callahan S, Sejourne N. Depression, anxiety, and guilt in mothers with burnout of preschool and school-aged children: Insight from a cluster analysis. J Affect Disord. 2019;259:244-250.
  • 8. Meeussen L, Van Laar C. Feeling Pressure to Be a Perfect Mother Relates to Parental Burnout and Career Ambitions. Front Psychol. 2018;9:2113.
  • 9. Bussing A, Falkenberg Z, Schoppe C, Recchia DR, Poier D. Work stress associated cool down reactions among nurses and hospital physicians and their relation to burnout symptoms. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17(1):551.
  • 10. Reed S, Kemper KJ, Schwartz A, et al. Variability of Burnout and Stress Measures in Pediatric Residents: An Exploratory Single-Center Study From the Pediatric Resident Burnout-Resilience Study Consortium. J Evid Based Integr Med. 2018;23:2515690X18804779.
  • 11. Spinelli M, Lionetti F, Setti A, Fasolo M. Parenting Stress During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Socioeconomic and Environmental Risk Factors and Implications for Children Emotion Regulation. Fam Process. 2021;60(2):639-653.
  • 12. Spinelli M, Lionetti F, Pastore M, Fasolo M. Parents' Stress and Children's Psychological Problems in Families Facing the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy. Front Psychol. 2020;11:1713.
  • 13. Fernandes DV, Canavarro MC, Moreira H. The Mediating Role of Parenting Stress in the Relationship Between Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology, Mothers' Perception of Infant Temperament, and Mindful Parenting During the Postpartum Period. Mindfulness. 2021;12(2):275-290.
  • 14. Wang G, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Zhang J, Jiang F. Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet. 2020;395(10228):945-947.
  • 15. Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP, Schaufeli WB, Schwab RL. Maslach burnout inventory. In: Vol 21. Consulting psychologists press Palo Alto, CA; 1986:3463-3464.
  • 16. Ergin C. Doktor ve hemsirelerde tukenmislik ve Maslach tukenmislik olceginin uyarlanmasi. VII Ulusal Psikoloji Kongresi 22th September 1992 Ankara (Turkey). 1992:143-154.
  • 17. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983;24(4):385-396.
  • 18. Eskin M, Harlak H, Demirkıran F, Dereboy Ç. [Algılanan stres ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması: güvenirlik ve geçerlik analizi]. New/Yeni Symposium Journal. 2013;51(3):132-140.
  • 19. Milenovic M, Matejic B, Vasic V, Frost E, Petrovic N, Simic D. High rate of burnout among anaesthesiologists in Belgrade teaching hospitals: Results of a cross-sectional survey. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2016;33(3):187-194.
  • 20. Fernandez-Sanchez JC, Perez-Marmol JM, Blasquez A, Santos-Ruiz AM, Peralta-Ramirez MI. Association between burnout and cortisol secretion, perceived stress, and psychopathology in palliative care unit health professionals. Palliat Support Care. 2018;16(3):286-297.
  • 21. Tan BYQ, Kanneganti A, Lim LJH, et al. Burnout and Associated Factors Among Health Care Workers in Singapore During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21(12):1751-1758 e1755.
  • 22. Sriharan A, Ratnapalan S, Tricco AC, et al. Occupational Stress, Burnout, and Depression in Women in Healthcare During COVID-19 Pandemic: Rapid Scoping Review. Front Glob Womens Health. 2020;1:596690.
  • 23. Kealy D, Halli P, Ogrodniczuk JS, Hadjipavlou G. Burnout among Canadian Psychiatry Residents: A National Survey. Can J Psychiatry. 2016;61(11):732-736.
  • 24. Van der Walt N, Scribante J, Perrie H. Burnout among anaesthetists in South Africa. Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia. 2015;21(6):27-30.
  • 25. Kang SH, Boo YJ, Lee JS, Han HJ, Jung CW, Kim CS. High occupational stress and low career satisfaction of Korean surgeons. J Korean Med Sci. 2015;30(2):133-139.
  • 26. Wang Z, Xie Z, Dai J, Zhang L, Huang Y, Chen B. Physician burnout and its associated factors: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai. J Occup Health. 2014;56(1):73-83.
  • 27. Wisetborisut A, Angkurawaranon C, Jiraporncharoen W, Uaphanthasath R, Wiwatanadate P. Shift work and burnout among health care workers. Occup Med (Lond). 2014;64(4):279-286.
  • 28. Raudenska J, Steinerova V, Javurkova A, et al. Occupational burnout syndrome and post-traumatic stress among healthcare professionals during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2020;34(3):553-560.
  • 29. Kang L, Ma S, Chen M, et al. Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: A cross-sectional study. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;87:11-17.
  • 30. Zhang Y, Wang C, Pan W, et al. Stress, Burnout, and Coping Strategies of Frontline Nurses During the COVID-19 Epidemic in Wuhan and Shanghai, China. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:565520.
  • 31. Takayama Y, Suzuki E, Kobiyama A, Maruyama A, Sera Y. Factors related to the burnout of Japanese female nurses with children under 3 years old. Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2017;14(3):240-254.
  • 32. Petek D, Gajsek T, Petek Ster M. Work-family balance by women GP specialist trainees in Slovenia: a qualitative study. BMC Med Educ. 2016;16:31.
  • 33. Makara-Studzinska M, Zaluski M, Tylec A, Panasiuk L. Do Polish doctors suffer from occupational burnout syndrome? An attempt to find an answer - Pilot study. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2019;26(1):191-197.
  • 34. Hutchinson TA, Haase S, French S, McFarlane TA. Stress, Burnout and Coping among Emergency Physicians at a Major Hospital in Kingston, Jamaica. West Indian Med J. 2014;63(3):262-266.

Çocuğu 0-6 yaş grubu olan doktor annelerde tükenmişlik ve algılanan stres arasındaki ilişki: Kesitsel bir çalışma

Year 2023, Volume: 17 Issue: 2 - Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 226 - 232, 20.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1190036

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada 0-6 yaş arası çocuğu olan doktor annelerin tükenmişlik düzeyinin ve tükenmişlik ile stres arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışma, Mart-Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında Samsun’da yürütüldü. Çalışmaya 0-6 yaş grubu çocuğu olan doktor anneler dahil edildi. Araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan bir anket formu kullanıldı. Anket formu Google formlar aracılığıyla çevrimiçi ortamda katılımcılara uygulandı. Kartopu örnekleme kullanıldı. Sosyodemografik veri formu, Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği, Algılanan Stres Ölçeği kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Toplamda 394 doktor anne katıldı. Katılımcıların %48,5’i 35 yaşından büyük ve %97’si evliydi. Katılımcıların %50,0’sinin tek çocuğu vardı. Annelerin %59,1’i gündüz mesaisi şeklinde çalışmaktaydı. Katılımcıların %47,0’si çalıştığı için kendini çocuğuna karşı suçlu hissettiğini, %53,0’ü iş yerinde anne olduğu için zorluk yaşamadığını, %68,8’i iş ortamında sosyal destek alabildiğini, %83,5’i çocuğu ile ilgili bir durum olduğunda kolaylıkla izin alabildiğini ifade etti. Katılımcılar, Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği, duyarsızlık boyutundan 5,8 ±3,2 puan, duygusal tükenme boyutundan 18,2 ±6,3 puan ve kişisel başarı boyutundan 11,8 ±3,5 puan aldı. Duyarsızlaşma tek çocuğu olan annelerde daha fazlaydı. Nöbet tutan doktor annelerin, gündüz mesai şeklinde çalışan annelere göre duygusal tükenmişliği daha fazlaydı. Otuz beş yaş üstü ya da birden fazla çocuğu olan katılımcıların kişisel başarı puanları daha yüksekti. Çalıştığı için suçluluk hisseden ve iş yerinde anne olduğu için zorluk yaşayanların duygusal tükenmişlik düzeyleri daha yüksekti. İş yerindeki sosyal ortamından destek alabilenler ve çocuğu ile ilgili durumlarda kolayca izin alabilenlerin duygusal tükenme, duyarsızlaşma ve algılanan stres düzeyleri daha düşüktü. Psikiyatrik hastalık öyküsü olan ve çalışan anne olduğu için çocuğuna karşı suçluluk hissedenlerin algılanan stres seviyeleri daha yüksekti. Tükenmişliğin tüm boyutlarının yüksekliği algılanan stres düzeylerinin yüksekliği ile ilişkiliydi.
Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemisinde doktor annelerin tükenmişlik ve algılanan stres düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu bulundu. İş ortamıyla ilgili faktörlerin stres ve tükenmişlik üzerinde etkisi olduğu görüldü. İş ortamındaki destek mekanizmaları tükenmişlik ve stresin daha az algılanmasına neden olduğu saptandı.

References

  • 1. Maslach C, Jackson SE. The Measurement of Experienced Burnout. J Occup Behav. 1981;2(2):99-113.
  • 2. O'Dea B, O'Connor P, Lydon S, Murphy AW. Prevalence of burnout among Irish general practitioners: a cross-sectional study. Ir J Med Sci. 2017;186(2):447-453.
  • 3. Pelsma DM, Roland B, Tollefson N, Wigington H. Parent Burnout - Validation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory with a Sample of Mothers. Meas Eval Couns Dev. 1989;22(2):81-87.
  • 4. Vigouroux SL, Scola C. Differences in Parental Burnout: Influence of Demographic Factors and Personality of Parents and Children. Front Psychol. 2018;9:887.
  • 5. Mikolajczak M, Raes ME, Avalosse H, Roskam I. Exhausted Parents: Sociodemographic, Child-Related, Parent-Related, Parenting and Family-Functioning Correlates of Parental Burnout. J Child Fam Stud. 2017;27(2):602-614.
  • 6. Lebert-Charron A, Dorard G, Boujut E, Wendland J. Maternal Burnout Syndrome: Contextual and Psychological Associated Factors. Front Psychol. 2018;9:885.
  • 7. Sanchez-Rodriguez R, Orsini E, Laflaquiere E, Callahan S, Sejourne N. Depression, anxiety, and guilt in mothers with burnout of preschool and school-aged children: Insight from a cluster analysis. J Affect Disord. 2019;259:244-250.
  • 8. Meeussen L, Van Laar C. Feeling Pressure to Be a Perfect Mother Relates to Parental Burnout and Career Ambitions. Front Psychol. 2018;9:2113.
  • 9. Bussing A, Falkenberg Z, Schoppe C, Recchia DR, Poier D. Work stress associated cool down reactions among nurses and hospital physicians and their relation to burnout symptoms. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17(1):551.
  • 10. Reed S, Kemper KJ, Schwartz A, et al. Variability of Burnout and Stress Measures in Pediatric Residents: An Exploratory Single-Center Study From the Pediatric Resident Burnout-Resilience Study Consortium. J Evid Based Integr Med. 2018;23:2515690X18804779.
  • 11. Spinelli M, Lionetti F, Setti A, Fasolo M. Parenting Stress During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Socioeconomic and Environmental Risk Factors and Implications for Children Emotion Regulation. Fam Process. 2021;60(2):639-653.
  • 12. Spinelli M, Lionetti F, Pastore M, Fasolo M. Parents' Stress and Children's Psychological Problems in Families Facing the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy. Front Psychol. 2020;11:1713.
  • 13. Fernandes DV, Canavarro MC, Moreira H. The Mediating Role of Parenting Stress in the Relationship Between Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology, Mothers' Perception of Infant Temperament, and Mindful Parenting During the Postpartum Period. Mindfulness. 2021;12(2):275-290.
  • 14. Wang G, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Zhang J, Jiang F. Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet. 2020;395(10228):945-947.
  • 15. Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP, Schaufeli WB, Schwab RL. Maslach burnout inventory. In: Vol 21. Consulting psychologists press Palo Alto, CA; 1986:3463-3464.
  • 16. Ergin C. Doktor ve hemsirelerde tukenmislik ve Maslach tukenmislik olceginin uyarlanmasi. VII Ulusal Psikoloji Kongresi 22th September 1992 Ankara (Turkey). 1992:143-154.
  • 17. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983;24(4):385-396.
  • 18. Eskin M, Harlak H, Demirkıran F, Dereboy Ç. [Algılanan stres ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması: güvenirlik ve geçerlik analizi]. New/Yeni Symposium Journal. 2013;51(3):132-140.
  • 19. Milenovic M, Matejic B, Vasic V, Frost E, Petrovic N, Simic D. High rate of burnout among anaesthesiologists in Belgrade teaching hospitals: Results of a cross-sectional survey. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2016;33(3):187-194.
  • 20. Fernandez-Sanchez JC, Perez-Marmol JM, Blasquez A, Santos-Ruiz AM, Peralta-Ramirez MI. Association between burnout and cortisol secretion, perceived stress, and psychopathology in palliative care unit health professionals. Palliat Support Care. 2018;16(3):286-297.
  • 21. Tan BYQ, Kanneganti A, Lim LJH, et al. Burnout and Associated Factors Among Health Care Workers in Singapore During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21(12):1751-1758 e1755.
  • 22. Sriharan A, Ratnapalan S, Tricco AC, et al. Occupational Stress, Burnout, and Depression in Women in Healthcare During COVID-19 Pandemic: Rapid Scoping Review. Front Glob Womens Health. 2020;1:596690.
  • 23. Kealy D, Halli P, Ogrodniczuk JS, Hadjipavlou G. Burnout among Canadian Psychiatry Residents: A National Survey. Can J Psychiatry. 2016;61(11):732-736.
  • 24. Van der Walt N, Scribante J, Perrie H. Burnout among anaesthetists in South Africa. Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia. 2015;21(6):27-30.
  • 25. Kang SH, Boo YJ, Lee JS, Han HJ, Jung CW, Kim CS. High occupational stress and low career satisfaction of Korean surgeons. J Korean Med Sci. 2015;30(2):133-139.
  • 26. Wang Z, Xie Z, Dai J, Zhang L, Huang Y, Chen B. Physician burnout and its associated factors: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai. J Occup Health. 2014;56(1):73-83.
  • 27. Wisetborisut A, Angkurawaranon C, Jiraporncharoen W, Uaphanthasath R, Wiwatanadate P. Shift work and burnout among health care workers. Occup Med (Lond). 2014;64(4):279-286.
  • 28. Raudenska J, Steinerova V, Javurkova A, et al. Occupational burnout syndrome and post-traumatic stress among healthcare professionals during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2020;34(3):553-560.
  • 29. Kang L, Ma S, Chen M, et al. Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: A cross-sectional study. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;87:11-17.
  • 30. Zhang Y, Wang C, Pan W, et al. Stress, Burnout, and Coping Strategies of Frontline Nurses During the COVID-19 Epidemic in Wuhan and Shanghai, China. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:565520.
  • 31. Takayama Y, Suzuki E, Kobiyama A, Maruyama A, Sera Y. Factors related to the burnout of Japanese female nurses with children under 3 years old. Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2017;14(3):240-254.
  • 32. Petek D, Gajsek T, Petek Ster M. Work-family balance by women GP specialist trainees in Slovenia: a qualitative study. BMC Med Educ. 2016;16:31.
  • 33. Makara-Studzinska M, Zaluski M, Tylec A, Panasiuk L. Do Polish doctors suffer from occupational burnout syndrome? An attempt to find an answer - Pilot study. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2019;26(1):191-197.
  • 34. Hutchinson TA, Haase S, French S, McFarlane TA. Stress, Burnout and Coping among Emergency Physicians at a Major Hospital in Kingston, Jamaica. West Indian Med J. 2014;63(3):262-266.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section Orijinal Articles
Authors

Zeynep Daban Durgut 0000-0002-2942-7206

Mustafa Kürşat Şahin 0000-0002-3490-6009

Publication Date June 20, 2023
Submission Date October 16, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 17 Issue: 2 - Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

Cite

Vancouver Daban Durgut Z, Şahin MK. Çocuğu 0-6 yaş grubu olan doktor annelerde tükenmişlik ve algılanan stres arasındaki ilişki: Kesitsel bir çalışma. TJFMPC. 2023;17(2):226-32.

English or Turkish manuscripts from authors with new knowledge to contribute to understanding and improving health and primary care are welcome.