Abstract
Öz
Sağlık okuryazarlığı becerileri, insanların sağlık durumlarındaki potansiyellerini gerçekleştirmek için kullandıkları becerilerdir. Bu beceriler, ya sağlık bilgileri ve hizmetlerini anlamlandırmak ya da başkalarına sağlık bilgileri ve hizmetleri sağlamak için uygulanır. Yetersiz sağlık okuryazarlığı becerileri, daha riskli davranış, daha kötü sağlık, daha az öz yönetim ve daha fazla hastaneye yatma ve maliyet ile ilişkilidir. Sağlık okuryazarlığının güçlendirilmesinin bireysel ve toplumsal direnci geliştirdiği, sağlık eşitsizliklerinin ele alınmasında yardımcı olduğu ve sağlık ve refahı iyileştirdiği gösterilmiştir. Sağlık bilgilerine ve hizmetlerine ihtiyacı olan herkesin aynı zamanda sağlık okuryazarlığı becerilerine de ihtiyacı vardır. Sağlık okuryazarlığının, diyabet dahil olmak üzere kronik hastalıkların sağlık sonuçlarıyla ilişkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Temel sağlık bakımı alan tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda yetersiz sağlık okuryazarlığı, bağımsız olarak daha kötü glisemik kontrol ve daha yüksek retinopati oranları ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Yetersiz sağlık okuryazarlığı, dezavantajlı popülasyonlar arasında diyabetle ilgili sorunların orantısız yüküne katkıda bulunmaktadır. Diyabette sağlık okuryazarlığı, diyabet bilgisi, öz-yeterlilik ve öz bakım davranışları ve glisemik kontrol ile ilgilidir. Sağlık okuryazarlığı, diyabetli hastalarda görülen ırksal farklılıkların daha iyi anlaşılmasını da sağlayabilir. Bu rolünün anlayışına dayanarak, sağlık okuryazarlığına yönelik stratejiler, diyabet bakımını geliştirmek için olanaklar sağlamaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı, sağlık okuryazarlığına ilişkin farkındalığı artırmak, sağlık okuryazarlığı ve diyabet ile ilişkilendiren mevcut kanıtları özetlemek ve diyabette sağlık eşitsizliklerini azaltmak için hastalar ve sağlık hizmeti sağlayıcıları arasındaki iletişimi güçlendirmek için stratejiler sunmaktır.
Anahtar sözcükler: Sağlık okuryazarlığı, diabetes mellitus, sağlık çıktıları
References
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- 18. RobatSarpooshi D, Mahdizadeh M, Alizadeh Siuki H, Haddadi M, Robatsarpooshi H, Peyman N. The Relationship Between Health Literacy Level and Self-Care Behaviors in Patients with Diabetes. Patient Relat Outcome Meas. 2020;11:129-135. https://doi.org/10.2147/PROM.S243678
- 19. Kim SH, Utz S. Effectiveness of a Social Media-Based, Health Literacy-Sensitive Diabetes Self-Management Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2019;51(6):661-669. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12521
- 20. Kim MT, Kim KB, Ko J, et al. Health Literacy and Outcomes of a Community-Based Self-Help Intervention: A Case of Korean Americans With Type 2 Diabetes. Nurs Res. 2020;69(3):210-218. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNR.0000000000000409
- 21. Akyol Güner T, Kuzu A, Bayraktaroğlu T. Diyabetli bireylerde sağlık okuryazarlığı ve akılcı ilaç kullanımı arasındaki ilişki. Türkiye Diyabet ve Obezite Dergisi. 2020;4(3):214-223.
Abstract
Health literacy skills are those people use to realize their potential in health situations. They apply these skills either to make sense of health information and services or provide health information and services to others. Weak health literacy skills are associated with riskier behaviour, poorer health, less self-management and more hospitalization and costs. Strengthening health literacy has been shown to build individual and community resilience, help address health inequities and improve health and well-being. Anyone who needs health information and services also needs health literacy skills to. Health literacy is known to be associated with health outcomes, including chronic disease and diabetes. Among primary care patients with Type 2 diabetes, inadequate health literacy is independently associated with worse glycemic control and higher rates of retinopathy. Inadequate health literacy may contribute to the disproportionate
burden of diabetes related problems among disadvantaged populations. In diabetes, health literacy is related to diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy and self-care behaviors and glycemic control. Health literacy may also provide a better understanding of racial disparities observed in patients with diabetes. Strategies to address health literacy, based upon this understanding of its role, provide a means to improve diabetes care. The purpose of this review is to raise awareness of the health literacy, summarize the current evidence linking health literacy and diabetes, and offer strategies to strengthen the communication between patients and health care providers to decrease diabetes health disparities.
References
- 1. World Health Organization. (2020a). Health Literacy. https://www.who.int/healthpromotion/health-literacy/en/
- 2. World Health Organization. (2020b). Why health literacy is important. https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/health-literacy/why-health-literacy-is-important#:~:text=Strong%20health%20literacy%20enables%20people,political%20leaders%20and%20policy%2Dmakers.
- 3. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Ankara İli Sincan İlçesi Birinci Basamak Sağlık Personelinde Sağlık Okuryazarlığı İle İlgili Eğitim Programı Geliştirilmesi. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı, Sağlığın Geliştirilmesi Genel Müdürlüğü, Yayın No:1085, Ankara, 2018.
- 4. Kickbusch I, Pelikan J, Apfel F, Tsouros A. Health literacy: the solid facts. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2013. https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/190655/e96854.pdf?ua=1
- 5. Network of the National Library of Medicine (NNLM). (2020). Health Literacy. https://nnlm.gov/initiatives/topics/health-literacy
- 6. World Health Organization. (2020c). Diabetes. https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes#tab=tab_1
- 7. World Health Organization. (2016). Diabetes country profiles (Turkey) 2016. https://www.who.int/diabetes/country-profiles/tur_en.pdf?ua=1
- 8. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2020). Türkiye Diyabet Programı (2015-2020). https://extranet.who.int/ncdccs/Data/TUR_D1_Türkiye%20Diyabet%20Programı%202015-2020.pdf
- 9. 9. Chen PY, Elmer S, Callisaya M, Wills K, Greenaway TM, Winzenberg TM. Associations of health literacy with diabetic foot outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabet Med. 2018;35(11):1470-1479. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13694
- 10. Hadden K, Martin R, Prince L, Barnes CL. Patient Health Literacy and Diabetic Foot Amputations. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2019;58(5):877-879. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2018.12.038
- 11. Kim SH, Lee A. Health-Literacy-Sensitive Diabetes Self-Management Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2016;13(4):324-333. https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12157
- 12. Tseng HM, Liao SF, Wen YP, Chuang YJ. Stages of change concept of the transtheoretical model for healthy eating links health literacy and diabetes knowledge to glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes. Prim Care Diabetes. 2017;11(1):29-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2016.08.005
- 13. Saeed H, Saleem Z, Naeem R, Shahzadi I, Islam M. Impact of health literacy on diabetes outcomes: a cross-sectional study from Lahore, Pakistan. Public Health. 2018;156:8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2017.12.005
- 14. Wang L, Fang H, Xia Q, Liu X, Chen Y, Zhou P, Yan Y, Yao B, Wei Y, Jiang Y, Rothman RL, Xu W. Health literacy and exercise-focused interventions on clinical measurements in Chinese diabetes patients: A cluster randomized controlled trial. EClinicalMedicine. 2019 Nov 19;17:100211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.11.004
- 15. Tefera YG, Gebresillassie BM, Emiru YK, et al. Diabetic health literacy and its association with glycemic control among adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2020;15(4):e0231291. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231291
- 16. Finbråten HS, Guttersrud Ø, Nordström G, Pettersen KS, Trollvik A, Wilde-Larsson B. Explaining variance in health literacy among people with type 2 diabetes: the association between health literacy and health behaviour and empowerment. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):161. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8274-z.
- 17. Shin KS, Lee EH. Relationships of health literacy to self-care behaviors in people with diabetes aged 60 and above: Empowerment as a mediator. J Adv Nurs. 2018;74(10):2363-2372. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13738
- 18. RobatSarpooshi D, Mahdizadeh M, Alizadeh Siuki H, Haddadi M, Robatsarpooshi H, Peyman N. The Relationship Between Health Literacy Level and Self-Care Behaviors in Patients with Diabetes. Patient Relat Outcome Meas. 2020;11:129-135. https://doi.org/10.2147/PROM.S243678
- 19. Kim SH, Utz S. Effectiveness of a Social Media-Based, Health Literacy-Sensitive Diabetes Self-Management Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2019;51(6):661-669. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12521
- 20. Kim MT, Kim KB, Ko J, et al. Health Literacy and Outcomes of a Community-Based Self-Help Intervention: A Case of Korean Americans With Type 2 Diabetes. Nurs Res. 2020;69(3):210-218. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNR.0000000000000409
- 21. Akyol Güner T, Kuzu A, Bayraktaroğlu T. Diyabetli bireylerde sağlık okuryazarlığı ve akılcı ilaç kullanımı arasındaki ilişki. Türkiye Diyabet ve Obezite Dergisi. 2020;4(3):214-223.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Collection |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 24, 2021 |
| Acceptance Date | December 19, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 1 |
