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Kahverengi/Bej Adipoz Doku: Obeziteyle Mücadelede Yeni Oyuncular

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 129 - 152, 30.12.2022

Gökhan Bağcı Sara Çıbık Hatice Pınarbaşı

Öz

Obezite tüm dünyada prevalansı giderek artan metabolik bir hastalıktır. Obezite ile mücadele için multidisipliner stratejiler gereklidir. Obezite tedavisinde diyetten cerrahiye kadar birçok yöntem denenmektedir. Ancak bu yöntemler obezite tedavisinde yeterince başarılı olamamıştır. Son yıllarda adipoz doku biyolojisinde çok önemli gelişmelerle yeni bir yağ doku tipinden bahsedilmektedir. Bu tip yağ dokusu beyaz yağ dokusu ve klasik kahverengi yağ dokusundan farklı olarak bej yağ dokusu olarak adlandırılmıştır. Bej adipositlerin kahverengi benzeri bir özelliğe sahip olduğu ve termojenez yeteneklerine sahip olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bej adipositlerin, soğuk, hormonlar, egzersiz ve diyet bileşikleri gibi çeşitli uyaranların etkisiyle kahverengileşme adı verilen bir mekanizma ile Beyaz yağ dokusunda gelişebildiği gösterilmiştir. Kahverengi/bej adipositler yeni nesil kilo verme stratejisi olmaya adaydır ve hem obeziteye hem de insülin direnci, diyabet vb. metabolik hastalıklara karşı faydaları olması muhtemeldir. Bugüne kadar soğuk maruziyeti, çeşitli ilaçlar, hormonlar ve bitki bazlı ajanlar dahil olmak üzere birçok bileşik veya yöntem deneyerek beyaz yağ dokunun kahverengileşmesini indükleyerek obeziteyle mücadele etmek için artan sayıda çalışma yapılmıştır. Yakın gelecekte yeni nesil nanoteknoloji temelli tedavilerin kullanılması ile kahverengi/bej yağ hücrelerine doğrudan bağlanabilen ve termojenik programı aktive edebilen spesifik moleküller obeziteyi tedavi edebilecektir. Bununla birlikte, önümüzdeki yıllarda obezitesi olan kişilerde kahverengileştirme ajanlarının terapötik kullanımı, daha ileri randomize kontrollü çalışmaların sonucuna bağlı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Obezite Kahverengi yağ dokusu Bej Yağ Dokusu Beyaz yağ dokusunun kahverengileşmesi

Kaynakça

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Brown/Beige Adipose Tissue: Novel Players in the Fight Against Obesity

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 129 - 152, 30.12.2022

Gökhan Bağcı Sara Çıbık Hatice Pınarbaşı

Öz

Obesity is a metabolic disease which its prevalence is increasing worldwide. Multidisciplinary strategies are required to combat obesity. Many methods, from diet to surgery, are tried in obesity treatment. However, these methods have not been successful enough in the treatment of obesity. In recent years, a new adipose tissue type has been mentioned, with very important developments in adipose tissue biology. This type of adipose tissue is named as beige adipose tissue, different from white adipose tissue and classical brown adipose tissue. It has been observed that the beige adipocytes have a Brown-like characteristic and have thermogenesis abilities. It has been shown that beige adipocytes can develop in the white adipose tissue by a mechanism called browning, with the effect of various stimuli such as cold, hormones, exercise and dietary compounds. Brown/beige adipocytes are a candidate to be a new generation weight loss strategy and it is likely to have benefits against both obesity and its related metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance, diabetes, etc. To date, an increasing number of studies have been carried out to combat obesity by inducing browning of WAT by trying many compounds or methods, including cold exposure, various drugs, hormones, and plant-based agents. With the use of new generation nanotechnology-based therapies in the near future, specific molecules that can directly bind to brown/beige fat cells and activate the thermogenic program will be able to treat obesity. However, the therapeutic use of browning agents in people with obesity in the coming years will depend on the outcome of further randomised controlled trials.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Obesity Brown adipose tissue Beige Adipose Tissue Browning of white adipose tissue

Kaynakça

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  • Virtanen, K.A., Lidell, M.E., Orava, J., Heglind, M., Westergren, R., T. Niemi, et al. (2009). Functional brown adipose tissue in healthy adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 360(15), 1518-1525.
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  • Wang, B., Fu, X., Liang, X., Deavila, J.M., Wang, Z.., L. Zhao, et al. (2017). Retinoic acid induces white adipose tissue browning by increasing adipose vascularity and inducing beige adipogenesis of PDGFRalpha(+) adipose progenitors. Cell Discov, 3, 17036.
  • Wang, W., and P. Seale. (2016). Control of brown and beige fat development, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 17, 691-702.
  • Wang, G.X., Zhao, X.Y., and J.D. Lin. (2015). The brown fat secretome: metabolic functions beyond thermogenesis. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 26(5), 231-237.
  • Wang, W., Kissig, M., Rajakumari, S., Huang, L., Lim, H. W., K.J. Won, et al.(2014). Ebf2 is a selective marker of brown and beige adipogenic precursor cells. Pro. Natl Acad Sci USA, 111(40), 14466-14471.
  • Wang, X., and R. Wahl. (2014). Responses of the insulin signaling pathways in the brown adipose tissue of rats following cold exposure. PLoS One, 9(6), e99772.
  • Wankhade, U.D., Shen, M., Yadav, H., and K.M. Thakali. (2016). Novel Browning Agents, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potentials of Brown Adipose Tissue. Biomed Res Int, 2016, 2365609.
  • Weiner, J., Hankir, M., Heiker, J.T., Fenske, W., and K. Krause. (2017). Thyroid hormones and browning of adipose tissue. Mol Cell Endocrinol 458, 156–159.
  • Wu, J., Bostrom, P., Sparks, L.M., Ye, L., Choi, J.H., A.H. Giang, et al (2012). Beige adipocytes are a distinct type of thermogenic fat cell in mouse and human. Cell, 150(2), 366–376.
  • Wu, J., Cohen, P., and B.M. Spiegelman. (2013). Adaptive thermogenesis in adipocytes: is beige the new brown?. Genes & development, 27(3), 234-250.
  • Xue, L., Sun, J., Liu, J., Hu, C., Wu, D., C. Nie, et al. (2022). Maternal secretin ameliorates obesity by promoting white adipose tissue browning in offspring. EMBO reports, e54132.
  • Xue, Y., Xu, X., Zhang, X. Q., Farokhzad, O. C., and R. Langer. (2016). Preventing diet-induced obesity in mice by adipose tissue transformation and angiogenesis using targeted nanoparticles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(20), 5552-5557.
  • Yoneshiro, T., Aita, S., Matsushita, M., Kayahara, T., Kameya, T., Y. Kawai, et al. (2013). Recruited brown adipose tissue as an antiobesity agent in humans. J Clin Invest, 123(8), 3404–3408.
  • Zhang, H., Guan, M., Townsend, K.L., Huang, T.L., An, D., X. Yan, et al. (2015). MicroRNA-455 regulates brown adipogenesis via a novel HIF1an-AMPK-PGC1alpha signaling network. EMBO Rep 16(10), 1378–1393.
  • Zhang, Z., Zhang, H., Li, B., Meng, X., Wang, J., Y. Zhang, et al. (2014). Berberine activates thermogenesis in white and brown adipose tissue. Nat Commun 5, 5493.
  • Zhang, W., Sheng, T., Gu, Z., and Y. Zhang. (2021). Strategies for browning agent delivery. Pharmaceutical Research, 38(8), 1327-1334.
  • Zhang, Y., Yu, J., Qiang, L., and Z. Gu. (2018). Nanomedicine for obesity treatment. Science China Life Sciences, 61(4), 373-379.
  • Zu, Y., Zhao, L., Hao, L., Mechref, Y., Zabet-Moghaddam, M., P.A. Keyel, et al. (2021). Browning white adipose tissue using adipose stromal cell-targeted resveratrol-loaded nanoparticles for combating obesity. Journal of Controlled Release, 333, 339-351.
Toplam 118 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yapısal Biyoloji , Eczacılık ve İlaç Bilimleri, Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Gökhan Bağcı 0000-0003-4554-2391

Sara Çıbık 0000-0003-0100-3409

Hatice Pınarbaşı 0000-0003-3084-8064

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2022
Kabul Tarihi 2 Ekim 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Bağcı, G., Çıbık, S., & Pınarbaşı, H. (2022). Brown/Beige Adipose Tissue: Novel Players in the Fight Against Obesity. Aurum Journal of Health Sciences, 4(3), 129-152.
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