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Trisiklik Antidepresanlarla Zehirlenme ve Güncel Tedaviler

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 608 - 617, 31.12.2016
https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.253568

Öz

Tüm antidepresanlarla olan zehirlenmelerde trisiklik antidepresanlar morbidite ve mortalitenin ana nedenlerinden biridir. Trisiklik antidepresanların başlıca toksik etkileri kardiyovasküler sistem ve santral sinir sistemi üzerine olup, antikolinerjik belirtilerle kendini gösterir. Tedavide kullanılacak bilinen bir antidot yoktur. Ancak ventriküler aritmilerin ve hipotansiyonun önlenmesinde ve metabolik asidozun düzelmesinde sodyum bikarbonat tedavisi oldukça etkindir. Semptomların giderilmesinde kullanılan ve halen araştırma aşamasında olan bazı tedavi yöntemleri bulunmaktadır. Kullanılacak ilaçlar hastanın semptomlarına göre özelleştirilebilir.


Kaynakça

  • Şahin G, Giray B, Erkekoğlu P. Trisiklik antidepresanlarla zehirlenmelerde tedavi yaklaşımları. Türkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2008;28:533-43.
  • Gareri P, De Fazio P, De Fazio S, Marigliano N, Ferreri Ibbadu G, De Sarro G. Adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics in the elderly: a review. Drugs Aging. 2006;23:937-56.
  • Mowry J, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR JR, McMillan N, Ford M. 2013 Annual report of the American association of poison control centers national poison data system (NPDS): 31st annual report. Clin Toxicol. 2014;52:1032-83.
  • Deaths related to drug poisoning in England and Wales, 2012. Statistical bulletin. Office for national statics. Date: 28 August 2013 Erişim Adresi: www.ons.gov.uk. (Erişim Tarihi: 28.04.2016).
  • Açıkalın A, Gülen M, Acehan S, Çelikdemir A, Topal M. Her supraventriküler taşikardi kardiyojenik değildir: olgu Sunumu. Akademik Acil Tıp Olgu Sunumları Dergisi. 2011;2(4):39-42.
  • İçme F. Kalp etkilenmesine sebep olan antikolinerjik ilaç zehirlenmelerinde sodyum bikarbonat tedavisinin etkinliğinin karşılaştırılması (Tıpta uzmanlık tezi). Adana, Çukurova Üniversitesi. 2006.
  • Liebelt, EL. Cyclic antidepressants. In Goldfrank’s Toxicology Emergencies. 8th ed. (Eds NE Flomenbaum, LR Goldfrank, RS Hoffman, MA Howland, NA Lewin, LS Nelson):1083-98. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2006.
  • Benowitz, NL. Antidepressants, Tricyclic. Poisoning and drug overdose. 5th ed: USA, McGraw-Hill Inc, 2007;91-3.
  • Güneysel Ö, Satar S. Trisiklik antidepresan zehirlenmeleri. Acilde Klinik Toksikoloji. 1. Baskı: Adana: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi, 2009:287-90.
  • Ünverir P. Acil serviste trisiklik antidepresan zehirlenmeleri: Kritik hastalar. Türkiye Acil Tıp Dergisi. 2007;7:86-95.
  • Yates C, Galvao T, Soviski KM, Mardini K, Botnaru T, Gosselin S et al. Extracorporeal treatment for tricyclic antidepressant poisoning: recommendations from the EXTRIP workgroup. Semin Dial. 2014;27:381-9.
  • Ellenhorn MJ. Ellenhorn’s Medical Toxicology, 2nd ed. USA, Williams and Wilkins. 1997.
  • Kalkan Ş. Antidepresanlarla zehirlenme. Türk Farmakoloji Derneği, 20. Ulusal Farmakoloji Kongresi, 3. Klinik Toksikoloji Sempozyumu, 4.Klinik Farmakoloji Sempozyumu Kongre Programı ve Bildiri Özet Kitabı. Antalya. 2009:28-35
  • Aslan Ş, Emet M, Çakır Z, Aköz A, Gür STA. Suicide attempts with amitriptyline in adults: A prospective, demographic, clinical study. Turk J Med Sci. 2011;41:243-9.
  • Kerr GW, McGuffie AC, Wilkie S. Tricyclic antidepressant overdose: a review. Emerg Med J. 2001;18:236-41.
  • Tran TP, Panacek EA, Rhee KJ, Foulke GE. Response to dopamine vs norepinephrine in tricyclic antidepressant-induced hypotension. Acad Emerg Med. 1997;4:864-8.
  • Rosenberg Y, Schron E. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patient with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:1825-33.
  • Nichol G, McAlister F, Pham B, Laupacis A, Shea B, Green M. Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of the effectiveness of antiarrhythmic agents at promoting sinüs rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation. Heart. 2002; 87:535-43.
  • Mills KC. Tricyclic antidepressants. In Emergency Medicine A Comprehensive Study Guide, 6th ed (Eds JE Tintinalli, G Kelen, JS Stapczynski):1025-33. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2004.
  • Bigwood B, Galler D, Amir N, Smith W. Brugada syndrome following tricyclic antidepressant overdose. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2005;33:266-70.
  • Denizbaşı A. Kokain zehirlenmesi ve intravenöz lipid emülsiyon tedavisi. Erişim Adresi: http://www.acilci.net/denizbasi-kokain-zehirlenmesi-ve-intravenoz-lipid-emulsiyon-tedavisi/ (Erişim Tarihi: 01.04.2016)
  • Hendron D, Menagh G, Sandilands EA, Scullion D. Tricyclic antidepressant overdose in a toddler treated with intravenous lipid emulsion. Pediatrics. 2011;128:1628-34.
  • Acikalin A, Gulen M, Acehan S, Cagliyan CE, Satar S. Lipid therapy in cardiovascular drug poisoning. HealthMED. 2013;7:827-32.
  • Dargan PI, C”olbridge MG, Jones AL. The management of tricyclic antidepressant poisoning: The role of gut decontamination, extracorporeal procedures and fab antibody fragments. Toxicol Rev. 2005;24:187-94.
  • Brunn GJ, Keyler DE, Pond SM, Pentel PR. Reversal of desipramine toxicity in rats using drug- specific antibody Fab' fragment: Effects on hypotension and interaction with sodium bicarbonate. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1992;260:1392-9.
  • Heard K, Dart RC, Bogdan G, O'Malley GF, Burkhart KK, Donovan JW, et al. A preliminary study of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) ovine FAB for TCA toxicity. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2006;44:275-81.
  • Teece S, Hogg K. Towards evidence based emergency medicine: Best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. Glucagon in tricyclic overdose. Emerg Med J. 2003;20:264-5.
  • Kalkan S, Aygoren O, Akgun A, Gidener S, Guven H, Tuncok Y. Do adenosine receptors play a role in amitriptyline-induced cardiovascular toxicity in rats? J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2004;42:945-54.
  • Dobson GP, Jones MW. Adenosine and lidocaine: A new concept in nondepolarizing surgical myocardial arrest, protection, and preservation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2004;27:794-5.
  • Correspondence Address / Yazışma Adresi Müge Gülen
  • Adana Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi
  • Acil Tıp Kliniği, Adana, Turkey
  • e-mail: muge-gulen@hotmail.com
  • Geliş tarihi/ Received: 14.04.2016
  • Kabul tarihi/Accepted: 23.05.2016

Poisoining with Tricyclic Antidepressants and Current Treatment

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 608 - 617, 31.12.2016
https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.253568

Öz

Poisoning with tricyclic antidepressants is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality compared to all the antidepressants. Main toxic effects are on the cardiovascular system and central nervous system and manifests itself as anticholinergic symptoms. There is no antidote known to be used in the treatment. But sodium bicarbonate treatment is effective in preventing ventricular arrhythmias and hypotension, and resolving metabolic acidosis. There are some treatments that has been used for relief of symptoms and some of them still are in research stage. The drugs that are used can be customized according to the patients symptoms.


Kaynakça

  • Şahin G, Giray B, Erkekoğlu P. Trisiklik antidepresanlarla zehirlenmelerde tedavi yaklaşımları. Türkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2008;28:533-43.
  • Gareri P, De Fazio P, De Fazio S, Marigliano N, Ferreri Ibbadu G, De Sarro G. Adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics in the elderly: a review. Drugs Aging. 2006;23:937-56.
  • Mowry J, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR JR, McMillan N, Ford M. 2013 Annual report of the American association of poison control centers national poison data system (NPDS): 31st annual report. Clin Toxicol. 2014;52:1032-83.
  • Deaths related to drug poisoning in England and Wales, 2012. Statistical bulletin. Office for national statics. Date: 28 August 2013 Erişim Adresi: www.ons.gov.uk. (Erişim Tarihi: 28.04.2016).
  • Açıkalın A, Gülen M, Acehan S, Çelikdemir A, Topal M. Her supraventriküler taşikardi kardiyojenik değildir: olgu Sunumu. Akademik Acil Tıp Olgu Sunumları Dergisi. 2011;2(4):39-42.
  • İçme F. Kalp etkilenmesine sebep olan antikolinerjik ilaç zehirlenmelerinde sodyum bikarbonat tedavisinin etkinliğinin karşılaştırılması (Tıpta uzmanlık tezi). Adana, Çukurova Üniversitesi. 2006.
  • Liebelt, EL. Cyclic antidepressants. In Goldfrank’s Toxicology Emergencies. 8th ed. (Eds NE Flomenbaum, LR Goldfrank, RS Hoffman, MA Howland, NA Lewin, LS Nelson):1083-98. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2006.
  • Benowitz, NL. Antidepressants, Tricyclic. Poisoning and drug overdose. 5th ed: USA, McGraw-Hill Inc, 2007;91-3.
  • Güneysel Ö, Satar S. Trisiklik antidepresan zehirlenmeleri. Acilde Klinik Toksikoloji. 1. Baskı: Adana: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi, 2009:287-90.
  • Ünverir P. Acil serviste trisiklik antidepresan zehirlenmeleri: Kritik hastalar. Türkiye Acil Tıp Dergisi. 2007;7:86-95.
  • Yates C, Galvao T, Soviski KM, Mardini K, Botnaru T, Gosselin S et al. Extracorporeal treatment for tricyclic antidepressant poisoning: recommendations from the EXTRIP workgroup. Semin Dial. 2014;27:381-9.
  • Ellenhorn MJ. Ellenhorn’s Medical Toxicology, 2nd ed. USA, Williams and Wilkins. 1997.
  • Kalkan Ş. Antidepresanlarla zehirlenme. Türk Farmakoloji Derneği, 20. Ulusal Farmakoloji Kongresi, 3. Klinik Toksikoloji Sempozyumu, 4.Klinik Farmakoloji Sempozyumu Kongre Programı ve Bildiri Özet Kitabı. Antalya. 2009:28-35
  • Aslan Ş, Emet M, Çakır Z, Aköz A, Gür STA. Suicide attempts with amitriptyline in adults: A prospective, demographic, clinical study. Turk J Med Sci. 2011;41:243-9.
  • Kerr GW, McGuffie AC, Wilkie S. Tricyclic antidepressant overdose: a review. Emerg Med J. 2001;18:236-41.
  • Tran TP, Panacek EA, Rhee KJ, Foulke GE. Response to dopamine vs norepinephrine in tricyclic antidepressant-induced hypotension. Acad Emerg Med. 1997;4:864-8.
  • Rosenberg Y, Schron E. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patient with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:1825-33.
  • Nichol G, McAlister F, Pham B, Laupacis A, Shea B, Green M. Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of the effectiveness of antiarrhythmic agents at promoting sinüs rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation. Heart. 2002; 87:535-43.
  • Mills KC. Tricyclic antidepressants. In Emergency Medicine A Comprehensive Study Guide, 6th ed (Eds JE Tintinalli, G Kelen, JS Stapczynski):1025-33. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2004.
  • Bigwood B, Galler D, Amir N, Smith W. Brugada syndrome following tricyclic antidepressant overdose. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2005;33:266-70.
  • Denizbaşı A. Kokain zehirlenmesi ve intravenöz lipid emülsiyon tedavisi. Erişim Adresi: http://www.acilci.net/denizbasi-kokain-zehirlenmesi-ve-intravenoz-lipid-emulsiyon-tedavisi/ (Erişim Tarihi: 01.04.2016)
  • Hendron D, Menagh G, Sandilands EA, Scullion D. Tricyclic antidepressant overdose in a toddler treated with intravenous lipid emulsion. Pediatrics. 2011;128:1628-34.
  • Acikalin A, Gulen M, Acehan S, Cagliyan CE, Satar S. Lipid therapy in cardiovascular drug poisoning. HealthMED. 2013;7:827-32.
  • Dargan PI, C”olbridge MG, Jones AL. The management of tricyclic antidepressant poisoning: The role of gut decontamination, extracorporeal procedures and fab antibody fragments. Toxicol Rev. 2005;24:187-94.
  • Brunn GJ, Keyler DE, Pond SM, Pentel PR. Reversal of desipramine toxicity in rats using drug- specific antibody Fab' fragment: Effects on hypotension and interaction with sodium bicarbonate. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1992;260:1392-9.
  • Heard K, Dart RC, Bogdan G, O'Malley GF, Burkhart KK, Donovan JW, et al. A preliminary study of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) ovine FAB for TCA toxicity. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2006;44:275-81.
  • Teece S, Hogg K. Towards evidence based emergency medicine: Best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. Glucagon in tricyclic overdose. Emerg Med J. 2003;20:264-5.
  • Kalkan S, Aygoren O, Akgun A, Gidener S, Guven H, Tuncok Y. Do adenosine receptors play a role in amitriptyline-induced cardiovascular toxicity in rats? J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2004;42:945-54.
  • Dobson GP, Jones MW. Adenosine and lidocaine: A new concept in nondepolarizing surgical myocardial arrest, protection, and preservation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2004;27:794-5.
  • Correspondence Address / Yazışma Adresi Müge Gülen
  • Adana Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi
  • Acil Tıp Kliniği, Adana, Turkey
  • e-mail: muge-gulen@hotmail.com
  • Geliş tarihi/ Received: 14.04.2016
  • Kabul tarihi/Accepted: 23.05.2016
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Müge Gülen

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2016
Kabul Tarihi 23 Mayıs 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

AMA Gülen M. Trisiklik Antidepresanlarla Zehirlenme ve Güncel Tedaviler. aktd. Aralık 2016;25(4):608-617. doi:10.17827/aktd.253568