Öz
In this study, the spore morphologies of five different acrocarpous moss species (Weissia brachycarpa, Distichium inclinatum, Pterygoneurum ovatum, Ceratodon purpureus and Ptychostomum donianum) were investigated and discussed the taxonomical and ecological value of spores morphological characters of these species. Spores were prepared according to standard palynological techniques such as acetolysis and Wodehouse and analyzed using light microscopy to reveal sporoderm structures. The spores of the three moss species except Pterygoneurum ovatum and Ceratodon purpureus which are heteromorph are heteropolar and monolete. Also, in all species, the shape of the spores was determined as suboblate in equatorial view. In polar views, the shapes of spores vary as oblate-spheroid and suboblate. In equatorial view of the spores, the length of the polar axis (P) range from 9.60 μm to 27.90 μm on average, the length of the equatorial axis (E) is between 12.00 μm and 31.96 μm on average. The sporoderm layers of the spores were also examined and measured. It has been determined that the spores of the examined species have five different ornamentation types as verrucate, clavate-gemmate, baculate, clavate and baculate-clavate. The results obtained are discussed in terms of taxonomical and ecological aspects.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Aşçı B. Çeter T. Pınar N. Çölgeçen H. Çetin B. 2010. Spore morphology of some Turkish Tortula and Syntrichia species (Pottiaceae Schimp., Bryophyta). The Herb Journal of Systematic Botany. 17:2, 165-180.
- Baros A. Járai-Komlódi M. Nilsson Z. 1993. An Atlas of Recent European Bryophyte Spores. Scientia Publishing, Budapest, Hungary.
- Blackmore S. Barnes S. 1991. Pollen and Spores. Patterns of Diversification. The Systematics Association. Special Vol. No. 44. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
- Boros A. Járai-Komlódi M. 1975. An atlas of recent European bryophyte spore. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest.
- Carrion J.S. Cano M.J. Guerra J. 1995. Spore morphology in the moss genus Pterygoneurum Jur. (Pottiaceae). Nova Hedwigia. 61:3-4, 481-496.
- Costa Silva-e-Costa J. Luizi-Ponzo A.P. 2019. Spores of Plagiochila (Dumort.) Dumort.: the taxonomic relevance of morphology and ultrastructure. Acta Botanica Brasilica 33:1, 1-14.
- Crum H.A. 2001. Structural Diversity of Bryophytes The University of Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 379 pp.
- Çeter T. Canlı K. 2016. Türkiye’de yayılış gösteren bazı Grimmia (Grimmiaceae, Bryophyta) turlerin spor morfolojisinin incelenmesi. III. Aerobiyoloji, Palinoloji ve Alerjik Hastalıklarda Son Yenilikler Sempozyumu (APAS 2016), 5-7 Kasım 2016, Kastamonu/Türkiye.
- Çeter T. Gözcü M.C. Uyar G. 2018. Spore Morphology of Some Bartramiaceae Species (Bryophyta) in Turkey. Commun. Fac. Sci. Univ. Ank. Series C. 27:2, 253-262.
- Erdtman G. 1960. The Acetolysis Method, A Revised Description, Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. 39: 561-564.
- Erdtman G. 1969. Handbook of Palynology, Morphology-Taxonomy-Ecology, An Introduction to the Study of Pollen Grains and Spores, Hafner Publishing Co., New York.
- Estébanez B. Yamaguchi T. Deguchi H. 2006. Ultrastructure of the spore in four Japanese species of Ptychomitrium Fürnr. (Musci). Grana. 45:1, 61-70.
- Faegri K. Iversen J. 1975. Textbook of modern pollenanalysis. Hafner Press, Munksgaard, Copenhagen.
- Glime J.M. 2022. Bryophyte Ecology; Michigan Technological University: Houghton, MI, USA. https:// digitalcommons.mtu.edu/oabooks/4 (Accessed: 10 October 2022).
- Goffinet B. Shaw A.J. 2009. Bryophyte Biology, Second Edition, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building.
- Gözcü M.C. Çeter T. Uyar G. 2018a. Spore morphology of some Turkish moss species. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series C Biology. 27:2, 204-214.
- Gözcü M.C. Uyar G. Çeter T. 2018b. Spore morphology of some Weissia species (Pottiaceae) from Turkey. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series C Biology. 27:2, 185-194.
- Kapp R. Davis O. King J. 2000. Pollen and spores, the American association of stratigraphic palynologists foundation. Texas A&M University, USA.
- Khoshravesh R. Kazempour Osaloo Sh. 2007. Spore Morphology of Certain Mosses of Northern Tehran-Iran: Taxonomical and Ecological Implications. Iran. J. Bot. 13:2,150-159.
- Luizi-Ponzo, A.P. ve Melhem, T.S.A. 2006. Spore morphology and ultrastructure of the tropical moss Helicophyllum torquatum (Hook.) Brid. (Helicophyllaceae) in relation to systematics and evolution. Cryptogamie Bryologie. 27:4, 413-420.
- Medina N. Estebanez B. Lara F. Mazimpaka V. 2009. On the presence of dimorphic spores in Orthotrichum affine (Bryopsida, Orthotrichaceae). Journal of Bryology. 31: 127-129.
- Potoğlu Erkara I. Birgi F. Koyuncu O. 2018. Spore Morphology, Taxonomical and Ecological Importance of Bryophyta From Turkey. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series C Biology. 27:2, 215-223.
- Potoğlu Erkara I. Savaroğlu F. 2007. Spore morphology of some Brachytheciaceae Schimp. species (Bryophyta) from Turkey. Nordic Journal of Botany. 25:3‐4, 194-198.
- Punt W. Hoen P.P. Blackmore S. Nilsson S. Le Thomas A. 2007. Glossary of Pollen and Spore Terminology. Review of Palaebotany and Palynology. 143: 1-81.
- Savaroğlu F. 2015. Spore morphology of some Orthotrichaceae Arn. species (Bryophyta) from Turkey. Bangladesh Journal of Botany. 44:4, 499-506.
- Savaroğlu F. Potoğlu Erkara I. Baycu C. Alkan M. 2007. Spore morphology of some Bryaceae Schwägr. species (Bryophyta) from Turkey. International Journal of Natural and Engineering Sciences. 1:2, 49-54.
- Savaroğlu F. Potoğlu Erkara İ. 2008. Observations of spore morphology of some Pottiaceae Schimp. species (Bryophyta) in Turkey. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 271: 93-99.
- Schofield W.B. 2001. Introduction to Bryology, ISBN: 973-228-7077, 431 pp. Caldwell, USA: The Blackburn Press.
- Simpson G.M. 2012. Bitki Sistematiği-Plant Systematics, Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
- Smith A.J.E. 2004. The moss flora of Britain and Ireland. Second Edition, Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.
- Sokal R.P. Rholf J.F. 1969. The Principles And Practice Of Statistics in Biological Research, W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco.
- Wodehouse R. 1935. Pollen grains. Mc. Grew Hill, New York.
Öz
Bu çalışmada, beş farklı akrokarp karayosunu türünün (Weissia brachycarpa, Distichium inclinatum, Pterygoneurum ovatum, Ceratodon purpureus ve Ptychostomum donianum) spor morfolojileri araştırılmış ve bu türlerin palinolojik karakterlerinin taksonomik ve ekolojik önemi tartışılmıştır. Sporlar, asetoliz ve Wodehouse gibi standart palinolojik tekniklere göre hazırlandı ve sporoderm yapılarını ortaya çıkarmak için ışık mikroskobu kullanılarak analiz edildi. Heteromorf olan Pterygoneurum ovatum ve Ceratodon purpureus dışındaki üç karayosunu türünün sporları heteropolar ve monolettir. Ayrıca, tüm türlerde sporların şekli ekvatoral görünümde suboblat olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kutupsal görünümlerde, sporların şekilleri oblate-sferoid ve suboblate olarak değişmektedir. Sporların ekvatoral görünümünde kutup ekseninin uzunluğu (P) ortalama 9,60 μm ile 27,90 μm arasında, ekvator ekseninin (E) uzunluğu ise ortalama 12,00 μm ile 31,96 μm arasındadır. Sporların sporoderm tabakaları da incelenmiş ve ölçümleri yapılmıştır. İncelenen türlerin sporlarının verrukat, klavat-gemmat, bakulat, klavat ve bakulat-klavat olmak üzere beş farklı süsleme tipine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar taksonomik ve ekolojik açıdan tartışılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Aşçı B. Çeter T. Pınar N. Çölgeçen H. Çetin B. 2010. Spore morphology of some Turkish Tortula and Syntrichia species (Pottiaceae Schimp., Bryophyta). The Herb Journal of Systematic Botany. 17:2, 165-180.
- Baros A. Járai-Komlódi M. Nilsson Z. 1993. An Atlas of Recent European Bryophyte Spores. Scientia Publishing, Budapest, Hungary.
- Blackmore S. Barnes S. 1991. Pollen and Spores. Patterns of Diversification. The Systematics Association. Special Vol. No. 44. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
- Boros A. Járai-Komlódi M. 1975. An atlas of recent European bryophyte spore. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest.
- Carrion J.S. Cano M.J. Guerra J. 1995. Spore morphology in the moss genus Pterygoneurum Jur. (Pottiaceae). Nova Hedwigia. 61:3-4, 481-496.
- Costa Silva-e-Costa J. Luizi-Ponzo A.P. 2019. Spores of Plagiochila (Dumort.) Dumort.: the taxonomic relevance of morphology and ultrastructure. Acta Botanica Brasilica 33:1, 1-14.
- Crum H.A. 2001. Structural Diversity of Bryophytes The University of Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 379 pp.
- Çeter T. Canlı K. 2016. Türkiye’de yayılış gösteren bazı Grimmia (Grimmiaceae, Bryophyta) turlerin spor morfolojisinin incelenmesi. III. Aerobiyoloji, Palinoloji ve Alerjik Hastalıklarda Son Yenilikler Sempozyumu (APAS 2016), 5-7 Kasım 2016, Kastamonu/Türkiye.
- Çeter T. Gözcü M.C. Uyar G. 2018. Spore Morphology of Some Bartramiaceae Species (Bryophyta) in Turkey. Commun. Fac. Sci. Univ. Ank. Series C. 27:2, 253-262.
- Erdtman G. 1960. The Acetolysis Method, A Revised Description, Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. 39: 561-564.
- Erdtman G. 1969. Handbook of Palynology, Morphology-Taxonomy-Ecology, An Introduction to the Study of Pollen Grains and Spores, Hafner Publishing Co., New York.
- Estébanez B. Yamaguchi T. Deguchi H. 2006. Ultrastructure of the spore in four Japanese species of Ptychomitrium Fürnr. (Musci). Grana. 45:1, 61-70.
- Faegri K. Iversen J. 1975. Textbook of modern pollenanalysis. Hafner Press, Munksgaard, Copenhagen.
- Glime J.M. 2022. Bryophyte Ecology; Michigan Technological University: Houghton, MI, USA. https:// digitalcommons.mtu.edu/oabooks/4 (Accessed: 10 October 2022).
- Goffinet B. Shaw A.J. 2009. Bryophyte Biology, Second Edition, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building.
- Gözcü M.C. Çeter T. Uyar G. 2018a. Spore morphology of some Turkish moss species. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series C Biology. 27:2, 204-214.
- Gözcü M.C. Uyar G. Çeter T. 2018b. Spore morphology of some Weissia species (Pottiaceae) from Turkey. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series C Biology. 27:2, 185-194.
- Kapp R. Davis O. King J. 2000. Pollen and spores, the American association of stratigraphic palynologists foundation. Texas A&M University, USA.
- Khoshravesh R. Kazempour Osaloo Sh. 2007. Spore Morphology of Certain Mosses of Northern Tehran-Iran: Taxonomical and Ecological Implications. Iran. J. Bot. 13:2,150-159.
- Luizi-Ponzo, A.P. ve Melhem, T.S.A. 2006. Spore morphology and ultrastructure of the tropical moss Helicophyllum torquatum (Hook.) Brid. (Helicophyllaceae) in relation to systematics and evolution. Cryptogamie Bryologie. 27:4, 413-420.
- Medina N. Estebanez B. Lara F. Mazimpaka V. 2009. On the presence of dimorphic spores in Orthotrichum affine (Bryopsida, Orthotrichaceae). Journal of Bryology. 31: 127-129.
- Potoğlu Erkara I. Birgi F. Koyuncu O. 2018. Spore Morphology, Taxonomical and Ecological Importance of Bryophyta From Turkey. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series C Biology. 27:2, 215-223.
- Potoğlu Erkara I. Savaroğlu F. 2007. Spore morphology of some Brachytheciaceae Schimp. species (Bryophyta) from Turkey. Nordic Journal of Botany. 25:3‐4, 194-198.
- Punt W. Hoen P.P. Blackmore S. Nilsson S. Le Thomas A. 2007. Glossary of Pollen and Spore Terminology. Review of Palaebotany and Palynology. 143: 1-81.
- Savaroğlu F. 2015. Spore morphology of some Orthotrichaceae Arn. species (Bryophyta) from Turkey. Bangladesh Journal of Botany. 44:4, 499-506.
- Savaroğlu F. Potoğlu Erkara I. Baycu C. Alkan M. 2007. Spore morphology of some Bryaceae Schwägr. species (Bryophyta) from Turkey. International Journal of Natural and Engineering Sciences. 1:2, 49-54.
- Savaroğlu F. Potoğlu Erkara İ. 2008. Observations of spore morphology of some Pottiaceae Schimp. species (Bryophyta) in Turkey. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 271: 93-99.
- Schofield W.B. 2001. Introduction to Bryology, ISBN: 973-228-7077, 431 pp. Caldwell, USA: The Blackburn Press.
- Simpson G.M. 2012. Bitki Sistematiği-Plant Systematics, Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
- Smith A.J.E. 2004. The moss flora of Britain and Ireland. Second Edition, Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.
- Sokal R.P. Rholf J.F. 1969. The Principles And Practice Of Statistics in Biological Research, W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco.
- Wodehouse R. 1935. Pollen grains. Mc. Grew Hill, New York.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Kasım 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 15 Ekim 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2 |
