Araştırma Makalesi
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Ebeveynlerin çocukluk çağı travmalarının şiddet eğilimlerine etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 39 - 45, 31.08.2023

Candan Terzioğlu Fatma Ayhan

https://doi.org/10.29228/anatoljhr.69221

Öz

Amaç: Araştırma ebeveynlerin çocukluk çağı travmalarının şiddet eğilimleri ile ilişkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla planlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı türdeki araştırmanın verileri, 10 Ocak- 5 Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında çevrimiçi ortamda toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemine kartopu yöntemi ile ulaşılan 265 ebeveyn dahil edilmiştir. Veriler Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği-Kısa Formu, tanıtıcı bilgiler ve şiddet eğilimi belirleme formları aracılığı ile toplanmış ve IBM SPSS 23 programı ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Ebeveynlerin çocukluk çağı travmaları oranı %91.3 olarak saptanmıştır. Dayağın disiplin aracı olarak kullanılmasını uygun bulan katılımcıların duygusal ihmal ve fiziksel istismar bildirim oranları anlamlı düzeyde yüksektir. Duygusal ihmal ve fiziksel istismara maruz kalan ebeveynlerin fiziksel şiddeti disiplin aracı olarak kabul etme oranı anlamlı düzeyde yüksektir. Duygusal istismar, duygusal ihmal, fiziksel ve cinsel istismar bildirimi yüksek olan ebeveynlerin öfke bildirim oranları anlamlı düzeyde yüksektir. Çocukluk döneminde duygusal ihmal ve fiziksel istismara maruz kaldıklarını bildiren bireyler bu bildirimi daha az ifade etmiş olanlara oranla daha fazla oranda eşinin çocuğa şiddet uyguladığını bildirmişlerdir.
Sonuçlar: Çocukluk çağı travmaları şiddet eğilimi ile ilişkilidir. Çocukluk çağı travmaları, uzun dönemde bireyin ve sosyal çevresinin ruhsal sağlığını olumsuz etkilemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

olumsuz çocukluk deneyimleri çocuk istismarı ebeveynler şiddet

Kaynakça

  • Altınbaş, H. K., Aslan, G. K., Ayyıldız, T. K., Ayoğlu, F. N., & Veren, F. (2016). The effect of childhood trauma on the anger status of university students. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 15(6), 518-524. https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2012.04.0196
  • Aydın, O., & İşmen, E. (2003). Investigation of childhood abuse experiences between 18-25 years old males. Marmara University Atatürk Education Faculty Journal of Educational Sciences, 18, 7-20.
  • Ayhan, F., & Özkan, B. (2016). Domestic violence impact on adolescents. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 3753-3767. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.3923
  • Bal, Ö. Ü. F., Faraji, A. G. H., & Gemici, U. P. M. (2018). Investigaton of the relationship between trauma and anger styles. Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research (JSHSR), 5(26), 2470-2483.
  • Bandura, A. (1973). Social learning theory of aggression. Journal of Communication, 28, 1-12.
  • Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs. NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Bostancı, N. (2006). The impact to depressive symptom levels of childhood abuse in university students. Yeni Symposium, 44(2), 10010-6.
  • Carr, C. P., Martins, C. M. S., Stingel, A. M., Lemgruber, V. B., & Juruena, M. F. (2013). The role of early life stress in adult psychiatric disorders: a systematic review according to childhood trauma subtypes. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 12, 1007-1020. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000049
  • Crandel, T., Crandell, C., & Zanden, J. V. (2013). Human development. New york: NY McGraw-Hill Publishing.
  • Çiçek, İ. (2020). Çocuk psikolojisi ve ruh sağlığı. Ankara: Eğiten kitap publishing.
  • Dye, H. L. (2020). Is emotional abuse as harmful as physical and/or sexual abuse? Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 13(4), 399-407. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-019-00292-y
  • Eroğul Çeçen, A. R. & Türk, S. B. (2013). An investigation of the relationship between childhood trauma experince of adolescents and the anger expression styles, self-esteem, life satisfaction. International Journal of Human Sciences, 10(1), 1421-1439.
  • Fava, N. M., Lisa M. T., Meghan, E. M., Lora, M. C, Jennifer, M. J., Robert, A. Z., & Mary, M. H. (2019). Childhood adversity, externalizing behavior, and substance use in adolescence: mediating effects of anterior cingulate cortex activation during inhibitory errors. Development and Psychopathology, 31, 1439–1450. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579418001025
  • Forke, C. M., Catallozzi, M., Localioa, A. R., Grisso, J A. Wiebea, D. J., & Fein, J. A. (2019). Intergenerational effects of witnessing domestic violence: Health of the witnesses and their children. Preventive Medicine Report, 15, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100942
  • Geçtan, E. (2010). Psikodinamik psikiyatri ve normal dışı davranışlar. İstanbul: Metis publishing.
  • Genç, M., & Ayhan, F. (2021). University students’ experiences of violence during elementary education. International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 7(78), 533-541. http://dx.doi.org/10.26449/sssj.3007
  • Kalkan, M. & Özbek, S. K. (2011). Do childhood abuse experiences predict adolescents’ dating anxiety?. Turkish Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 18(1), 35-44.
  • Karabulut, V., Özçelik, B., & Karamustafalıoğlu, O. (2020). Aile içi fiziksel şiddetin psikiyatri polikliniğine ayaktan başvuran bir erkek örnekleminde değerlendirilmesi: kontrollü bir çalışma. Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 33(2), 180-189.
  • Kong, S., & Bernstein, K. (2009). Childhood trauma as a predictor of eating psychopathology and its mediating variables in patients with eating disorders. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 18(13), 1897-1907
  • Li, W., Zhang, L., Qin, Z., Chen, J., & Liu, C. (2022). Childhood trauma and malevolent creativity in Chinese college students: moderated mediation by psychological resilience and aggression. Journal of Intelligence, 10(4), 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence10040097
  • Ma, J., Yoonsun, H., & Hae, R. K. (2022). Physical punishment, physical abuse, and child behavior problems in South Korea. Child Abuse & Neglect, 123, 105385.
  • Oruçlular, Y. (2016). Interpersonal trauma both as a reason and result of borderline personality disorder: a model suggestion based on literature review. Turkish Psychological Articles, 19(37), 76-88.
  • Özgen, H., & Yöyen, E. G. (2017). Çocukluk çağı ruhsal travmalarının ebeveyn tutumları üzerindeki yordayıcılığı [Master's thesis]. İstanbul Gelisim University.
  • Peker, E., & Tınaz P. (2017). Investigating the relationships among childhood traumas, adult attachment style and self compassion [Master's thesis]. Istanbul Arel University.
  • Schmidt, M. R., Narayan, A. J., Atzl, V. M., Rivera, L. M., & Lieberman, A. F. (2020). Childhood maltreatment on the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Scale versus the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) in a perinatal sample. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 29(1), 38–56
  • Schwarzer, N. H., Tobias, N., Peter, F., & Stephan, G. (2021). Mentalizing mediates the association between emotional abuse in childhood and potential for aggression in non-clinical adults. Child Abuse & Neglect, 115, 105018.
  • Şar, V., Öztürk, E., & İkikardeş, E. (2012). Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of childhood trauma questionnaire. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, 32(4), 1054-1063.
  • Tirali, R. E., Oğuz, Y., & Soydan, S. S. (2014). Oral symptoms of child abuse and neglect. Journal of Dental Faculty of Atatürk University, 9, 154-157.
  • Tortamış Özkaya, B. (2020). Zorlayıcı yaşam olayları karşısında çocukları desteklemek. G. Kurt (Ed.). Çocuk ruh sağlığı. (p.287-288). Ankara: Nobel akademik publishing.
  • Turhan, E., Sangün, Ö., & İnandı, T. (2006). Child abuse and prevention in primary care. Sted, 15(9), 153.
  • Unicef. (2010). Türkiye’de çocuk istismarı ve aile içi şiddet araştırması. Access date: 27.03.2023. Access address: https://www.unicef.org/turkiye/raporlar/t%C3%BCrkiyede-%C3%A7ocuk-istismari-ve-aile-i%C3%A7i-%C5%9Fiddet-ara%C5%9Ftirmasi-%C3%B6zet-raporu-2010
  • World Health Organization. (2020). Violence, health and sustainable development. Access date: 28.03.2023. Access address: https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/430854/InterpersonalViolenceAcrossTheLife-Course-eng.pdf
  • Yöyen, E. G. (2017). Childhood trauma and self-respect. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 3(1), 267-282.
  • Zeren, C., Yengil, E., Çelikel, A., Arık, A., & Arslan, M. (2012). Frequency of childhood abuse in university students. Dicle Medical Journal, 39(4), 536-541. https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2012.04.0196

The effect of parents' childhood traumas on violence tendencies

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 39 - 45, 31.08.2023

Candan Terzioğlu Fatma Ayhan

https://doi.org/10.29228/anatoljhr.69221

Öz

Aim: The study was planned to determine the relationship between childhood traumas and violence tendencies of parents.
Methods: The data of the cross-sectional and descriptive study were collected online between January 10 and March 5, 2023. The study sample included 265 parents who were reached by snowball method. Data were collected through the Childhood Trauma Scale-Short Form, identifying information and violence tendency determination forms and analyzed with IBM SPSS 23 program.
Results: The rate of childhood traumas among the parents was 91.3%. The rates of emotional neglect and physical abuse were significantly higher among the participants who found it appropriate to use beating as a disciplinary tool. The rate of accepting physical violence as a means of discipline was significantly higher in parents who were exposed to emotional neglect and physical abuse. The anger reporting rates of parents who reported emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical and sexual abuse were significantly higher. Those who reported having been exposed to emotional neglect and physical abuse during childhood reported that their spouse used violence against the child at a higher rate than those who reported this less frequently.
Conclusion: Childhood traumas are associated with violent tendencies. Childhood traumas negatively affect the mental health of the individual and his/her social environment in the long term.

Anahtar Kelimeler

adverse childhood experiences child abuse parents violence

Kaynakça

  • Altınbaş, H. K., Aslan, G. K., Ayyıldız, T. K., Ayoğlu, F. N., & Veren, F. (2016). The effect of childhood trauma on the anger status of university students. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 15(6), 518-524. https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2012.04.0196
  • Aydın, O., & İşmen, E. (2003). Investigation of childhood abuse experiences between 18-25 years old males. Marmara University Atatürk Education Faculty Journal of Educational Sciences, 18, 7-20.
  • Ayhan, F., & Özkan, B. (2016). Domestic violence impact on adolescents. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 3753-3767. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.3923
  • Bal, Ö. Ü. F., Faraji, A. G. H., & Gemici, U. P. M. (2018). Investigaton of the relationship between trauma and anger styles. Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research (JSHSR), 5(26), 2470-2483.
  • Bandura, A. (1973). Social learning theory of aggression. Journal of Communication, 28, 1-12.
  • Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs. NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Bostancı, N. (2006). The impact to depressive symptom levels of childhood abuse in university students. Yeni Symposium, 44(2), 10010-6.
  • Carr, C. P., Martins, C. M. S., Stingel, A. M., Lemgruber, V. B., & Juruena, M. F. (2013). The role of early life stress in adult psychiatric disorders: a systematic review according to childhood trauma subtypes. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 12, 1007-1020. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000049
  • Crandel, T., Crandell, C., & Zanden, J. V. (2013). Human development. New york: NY McGraw-Hill Publishing.
  • Çiçek, İ. (2020). Çocuk psikolojisi ve ruh sağlığı. Ankara: Eğiten kitap publishing.
  • Dye, H. L. (2020). Is emotional abuse as harmful as physical and/or sexual abuse? Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 13(4), 399-407. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-019-00292-y
  • Eroğul Çeçen, A. R. & Türk, S. B. (2013). An investigation of the relationship between childhood trauma experince of adolescents and the anger expression styles, self-esteem, life satisfaction. International Journal of Human Sciences, 10(1), 1421-1439.
  • Fava, N. M., Lisa M. T., Meghan, E. M., Lora, M. C, Jennifer, M. J., Robert, A. Z., & Mary, M. H. (2019). Childhood adversity, externalizing behavior, and substance use in adolescence: mediating effects of anterior cingulate cortex activation during inhibitory errors. Development and Psychopathology, 31, 1439–1450. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579418001025
  • Forke, C. M., Catallozzi, M., Localioa, A. R., Grisso, J A. Wiebea, D. J., & Fein, J. A. (2019). Intergenerational effects of witnessing domestic violence: Health of the witnesses and their children. Preventive Medicine Report, 15, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100942
  • Geçtan, E. (2010). Psikodinamik psikiyatri ve normal dışı davranışlar. İstanbul: Metis publishing.
  • Genç, M., & Ayhan, F. (2021). University students’ experiences of violence during elementary education. International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 7(78), 533-541. http://dx.doi.org/10.26449/sssj.3007
  • Kalkan, M. & Özbek, S. K. (2011). Do childhood abuse experiences predict adolescents’ dating anxiety?. Turkish Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 18(1), 35-44.
  • Karabulut, V., Özçelik, B., & Karamustafalıoğlu, O. (2020). Aile içi fiziksel şiddetin psikiyatri polikliniğine ayaktan başvuran bir erkek örnekleminde değerlendirilmesi: kontrollü bir çalışma. Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 33(2), 180-189.
  • Kong, S., & Bernstein, K. (2009). Childhood trauma as a predictor of eating psychopathology and its mediating variables in patients with eating disorders. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 18(13), 1897-1907
  • Li, W., Zhang, L., Qin, Z., Chen, J., & Liu, C. (2022). Childhood trauma and malevolent creativity in Chinese college students: moderated mediation by psychological resilience and aggression. Journal of Intelligence, 10(4), 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence10040097
  • Ma, J., Yoonsun, H., & Hae, R. K. (2022). Physical punishment, physical abuse, and child behavior problems in South Korea. Child Abuse & Neglect, 123, 105385.
  • Oruçlular, Y. (2016). Interpersonal trauma both as a reason and result of borderline personality disorder: a model suggestion based on literature review. Turkish Psychological Articles, 19(37), 76-88.
  • Özgen, H., & Yöyen, E. G. (2017). Çocukluk çağı ruhsal travmalarının ebeveyn tutumları üzerindeki yordayıcılığı [Master's thesis]. İstanbul Gelisim University.
  • Peker, E., & Tınaz P. (2017). Investigating the relationships among childhood traumas, adult attachment style and self compassion [Master's thesis]. Istanbul Arel University.
  • Schmidt, M. R., Narayan, A. J., Atzl, V. M., Rivera, L. M., & Lieberman, A. F. (2020). Childhood maltreatment on the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Scale versus the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) in a perinatal sample. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 29(1), 38–56
  • Schwarzer, N. H., Tobias, N., Peter, F., & Stephan, G. (2021). Mentalizing mediates the association between emotional abuse in childhood and potential for aggression in non-clinical adults. Child Abuse & Neglect, 115, 105018.
  • Şar, V., Öztürk, E., & İkikardeş, E. (2012). Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of childhood trauma questionnaire. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, 32(4), 1054-1063.
  • Tirali, R. E., Oğuz, Y., & Soydan, S. S. (2014). Oral symptoms of child abuse and neglect. Journal of Dental Faculty of Atatürk University, 9, 154-157.
  • Tortamış Özkaya, B. (2020). Zorlayıcı yaşam olayları karşısında çocukları desteklemek. G. Kurt (Ed.). Çocuk ruh sağlığı. (p.287-288). Ankara: Nobel akademik publishing.
  • Turhan, E., Sangün, Ö., & İnandı, T. (2006). Child abuse and prevention in primary care. Sted, 15(9), 153.
  • Unicef. (2010). Türkiye’de çocuk istismarı ve aile içi şiddet araştırması. Access date: 27.03.2023. Access address: https://www.unicef.org/turkiye/raporlar/t%C3%BCrkiyede-%C3%A7ocuk-istismari-ve-aile-i%C3%A7i-%C5%9Fiddet-ara%C5%9Ftirmasi-%C3%B6zet-raporu-2010
  • World Health Organization. (2020). Violence, health and sustainable development. Access date: 28.03.2023. Access address: https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/430854/InterpersonalViolenceAcrossTheLife-Course-eng.pdf
  • Yöyen, E. G. (2017). Childhood trauma and self-respect. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 3(1), 267-282.
  • Zeren, C., Yengil, E., Çelikel, A., Arık, A., & Arslan, M. (2012). Frequency of childhood abuse in university students. Dicle Medical Journal, 39(4), 536-541. https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2012.04.0196
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Gelişim Psikolojisi (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Candan Terzioğlu 0000-0002-0693-4096

Fatma Ayhan 0000-0001-9717-1727

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Terzioğlu, C., & Ayhan, F. (2023). The effect of parents’ childhood traumas on violence tendencies. Anatolian Journal of Health Research, 4(2), 39-45. https://doi.org/10.29228/anatoljhr.69221
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