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Relationship between buccal branches of the facial nerve, parotid duct, buccal fat pad and Zuker’s point

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 91 - 96, 31.08.2020

Öz

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of the buccal branches of the facial nerve with the parotid duct, the buccal fat pad and the Zuker’s point, and reveal the incidence of the neural communications of buccal branch with the zygomatic and marginal mandibular branches of the facial nerve.
Methods: Fifteen formalin-fixed cadaveric heads (8 females and 7 males) with a mean age of 73.93±14.42 years were dissected bilaterally to reveal the buccal, zygomatic and marginal mandibular branches of the facial nerve, the parotid duct and the buccal fat pad. Positional relationships of these structures and the anatomical features of buccal and zygomatic branches were evaluated.
Results: The mean number of buccal and zygomatic branches was 2.40±0.62 and 1.90±0.60 respectively. Buccal branches crossed the parotid duct in 67%, formed a plexus along the parotid duct in 27% and coursed superior or inferior to the parotid duct without crossing in 6% of the dissected specimens. The mean number of intersection points of buccal branches on parotid duct was 4.03±1.03. Parotid duct crossed along the superior border of buccal fat pad in 66%, deep to buccal fat pad in 27% and between the superior and inferior lobes of buccal fat pad in 7%. Buccal branches crossed superficial to buccal fat pad in 80% and some branches passed superficial and through the buccal fat pad in 20%.
Conclusion: It is essential to know the positional interrelations of the buccal branches of the facial nerve with the parotid duct and buccal fat pad for clinical implications. The relation of Zuker’s point with zygomatic and buccal branches and with parotid duct should not be overlooked.

Destekleyen Kurum

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Proje Numarası

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Teşekkür

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Kaynakça

  • Mitsukawa N, Moriyama H, Shiozawa K, Satoh K. Study on distribution of terminal branches of the facial nerve in mimetic muscles. Ann Plast Surg 2014;72:71–4.
  • Hwang K. Surgical anatomy of the facial nerve relating to facial rejuvenation surgery. J Craniofac Surg 2014;25:1476–81.
  • Bendella H, Spacca B, Rink S, Stoffels HJ, Nakamura M, Scaal M, Angelov DN. Anastomotic patterns of the facial parotid plexus (PP): a human cadaver study. Ann Anat 2017;213:52–61.
  • Standring S, Borley NR, Collins P, Crossman AR, Gatzoulis MA, Healy JC (Editors). Gray’s anatomy: the anatomical basis of clinical practice. 40th ed. London: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2008.
  • Dorafshar AH, Borsuk DE, Bojovic B, Brown EN, Manktelow RT, Zuker RM, Rodriguez ED, Redett RJ. Surface anatomy of the middle division of the facial nerve: Zuker’s point. Plast Reconstr Surg 2013;131:253–7.
  • Zhang HM, Yan YP, Qi KM, Wang JQ, Liu ZF. Anatomical structure of the buccal fat pad and its clinical adaptations. Plast Reconstr Surg 2002;109:2509–18.
  • Surek CC, Kochuba AL, Said SA, Cho KH, Swanson M, Duraes E, McBride J, Drake RL, Zins JE. External approach to buccal fat excision in facelift: anatomy and technique. Aesthet Surg J 2020 Jan 22; sjaa015. doi:10.1093/asj/sjaa015
  • Loukas M, Kapos T, Louis RG Jr, Wartman C, Jones A, Hallner B. Gross anatomical, CT and MRI analyses of the buccal fat pad with special emphasis on volumetric variations. Surg Radiol Anat 2006;28: 254–60.
  • Lee JY, Kim JN, Yoo JY, Shin KJ, Song WC, Koh KS, Kim SH, Choi HG. Topographic relationships between the transverse facial artery, branches of the facial nerve, and the parotid duct in the lateral midface in a Korean population. Ann Plast Surg 2014;73:321–4.
  • Steinberg MJ, Herréra AF. Management of parotid duct injuries. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005;99:136– 141.
  • Tsai CH, Ting CC, Wu SY, Chiu JY, Chen H, Igawa K, Lan TH, Chen CM, Takato T, Hoshi K, Ko EC. Clinical significance of buccal branches of the facial nerve and their relationship with the emergence of Stensen’s duct: an anatomical study on adult Taiwanese cadavers. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2019;47:1809–18.
  • Richards AT, Digges N, Norton NS, Quinn TH, Say P, Galer C, Lydiatt K. Surgical anatomy of the parotid duct with emphasis on the major tributaries forming the duct and the relationship of the facial nerve to the duct. Clin Anat 2004;17:463–7.
  • Mahmmood VH. Buccal branch as a guide for superficial parotidectomy. J Craniofac Surg 2012;23:e447–9.
  • Stuzin JM, Wagstrom L, Kawamoto HK, Baker TJ, Wolfe SA. The anatomy and clinical applications of the buccal fat pad. Plast Reconstr Surg 1990;85:29–37.
  • Chaudhary B, Gong Z, Lin Z, Abbas K, Ling B, Liu H. Reconstruction of intraoral maxillary defect with buccal fat pad. J Craniofac Surg 2014;25:2174–7.
  • Hwang K, Cho HJ, Battuvshin D, Chung IH, Hwang SH. Interrelated buccal fat pad with facial buccal branches and parotid duct. J Craniofac Surg 2005;16:658–660.
  • Vieira GM, Jorge FD, Franco EJ, Dias LDC, Guimarães MDCM, Oliveira LA. Lesions of the parotid gland and buccal artery after buccal fat pad reduction. J Carniofac Surg 2019;30:790–2.
  • Kehrer A, Engelmann S, Bauer R, Taeger C, Grechenig S, Kehrer M, Prantl L, Tamm ER, Bleys RLAW, Mandlik V. The nerve supply of zygomaticus major: variability and distinguishing zygomatic from buccal facial nerve branches. Clin Anat 2018;31:560–5.
  • Shoja MM, Tubbs RS, Loukas M. Bergman’s comprehensive encyclopedia of human anatomic variation. Hoboken (NJ): John Wiley & Sons 2016.
  • Liu AT, Jiang H, Zhao YZ, Yu DZ, Dang RS, Zhang YF, Zhang JL. Anatomy of buccal and marginal mandibular branches of facial nerve and its clinical significance. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2007;23:434–7.
  • Erbil KM, Uz A, Hayran M, Mas N, Senan S, Tuncel M. The relationship of the parotid duct to the buccal and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve; an anatomical study with parameters of clinical interest. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2007;66:109–14.
  • Tansatit T, Phanchart P, Chinnawong D, Apinuntrum P, Phetudom T, Sahraoui YM. A cadaveric study ofthe communication patterns between the buccal trunks of the facial nere and the infraorbital nerve in the midface. J Craniofac Surg 2016;27:214–18.
  • Saylam C, Ucerler H, Orhan M, Ozek C. Anatomic landmarks of the buccal branches of the facial nerve. Surg Radiol Anat 2006;28:462–7.
  • Pogrel MA, Schmidt B, Ammar A. The relationship of the buccal branch of the facial nerve to the parotid duct. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1996;54:71–3.
  • Katz AD, Catalano P. The clinical significance of the various anastomotic branches of the facial nerve. Report of 100 patients. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1987;113:959–62.
  • Namking M, Boonruangsri P, Woraputtaporn W, Güldner FH. Communication between the facial and auriculotemporal nerves. J Anat 1994;185:421–6.
  • Kwak HH, Park HD, Youn KH, Hu KS, Koh KS, Han SH, Kim HJ. Branching patterns of the facial nerve and its communication with the auriculotemporal nerve. Surg Radiol Anat 2004;26:494– 500.
  • Davis RA, Anson BJ, Budlinger JM, Kurth LR. Surgical anatomy of the facial nerve and parotid gland as based upon a study of 350 cervicofacial halves. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1956;102:385–412.
  • Laurentjoye M, Veyret A, Ella B, Uzel AP, Majoufre-Lefebvre C, Caix P, Ricard AS. Surgical anatomy of the preauricular anteroparotid approach for mandibular condyle surgery. Surg Radiol Anat 2014;36:883–8.
  • Roostaeian J, Rohrich RJ, Stuzin JM. Anatomical considerations to prevent facial nerve injury. Plast Reconstr Surg 2015;135:1318–27.
  • Saylam C, Ucerler H, Orhan M, Ozek C. Anatomic guides to precisely localize the zygomatic branches of the facial nerve. J Craniofac Surg 2006;17:50–3.
  • Yousuf S, Tubbs RS, Wartmann CT, Kapos T, Cohen-Gadol AA, Loukas M. A review of the gross anatomy, functions, pathology, and clinical uses of the buccal fat pad. Surg Radiol Anat 2010;32: 427–36.
Yıl 2020, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 91 - 96, 31.08.2020

Öz

Proje Numarası

-

Kaynakça

  • Mitsukawa N, Moriyama H, Shiozawa K, Satoh K. Study on distribution of terminal branches of the facial nerve in mimetic muscles. Ann Plast Surg 2014;72:71–4.
  • Hwang K. Surgical anatomy of the facial nerve relating to facial rejuvenation surgery. J Craniofac Surg 2014;25:1476–81.
  • Bendella H, Spacca B, Rink S, Stoffels HJ, Nakamura M, Scaal M, Angelov DN. Anastomotic patterns of the facial parotid plexus (PP): a human cadaver study. Ann Anat 2017;213:52–61.
  • Standring S, Borley NR, Collins P, Crossman AR, Gatzoulis MA, Healy JC (Editors). Gray’s anatomy: the anatomical basis of clinical practice. 40th ed. London: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2008.
  • Dorafshar AH, Borsuk DE, Bojovic B, Brown EN, Manktelow RT, Zuker RM, Rodriguez ED, Redett RJ. Surface anatomy of the middle division of the facial nerve: Zuker’s point. Plast Reconstr Surg 2013;131:253–7.
  • Zhang HM, Yan YP, Qi KM, Wang JQ, Liu ZF. Anatomical structure of the buccal fat pad and its clinical adaptations. Plast Reconstr Surg 2002;109:2509–18.
  • Surek CC, Kochuba AL, Said SA, Cho KH, Swanson M, Duraes E, McBride J, Drake RL, Zins JE. External approach to buccal fat excision in facelift: anatomy and technique. Aesthet Surg J 2020 Jan 22; sjaa015. doi:10.1093/asj/sjaa015
  • Loukas M, Kapos T, Louis RG Jr, Wartman C, Jones A, Hallner B. Gross anatomical, CT and MRI analyses of the buccal fat pad with special emphasis on volumetric variations. Surg Radiol Anat 2006;28: 254–60.
  • Lee JY, Kim JN, Yoo JY, Shin KJ, Song WC, Koh KS, Kim SH, Choi HG. Topographic relationships between the transverse facial artery, branches of the facial nerve, and the parotid duct in the lateral midface in a Korean population. Ann Plast Surg 2014;73:321–4.
  • Steinberg MJ, Herréra AF. Management of parotid duct injuries. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005;99:136– 141.
  • Tsai CH, Ting CC, Wu SY, Chiu JY, Chen H, Igawa K, Lan TH, Chen CM, Takato T, Hoshi K, Ko EC. Clinical significance of buccal branches of the facial nerve and their relationship with the emergence of Stensen’s duct: an anatomical study on adult Taiwanese cadavers. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2019;47:1809–18.
  • Richards AT, Digges N, Norton NS, Quinn TH, Say P, Galer C, Lydiatt K. Surgical anatomy of the parotid duct with emphasis on the major tributaries forming the duct and the relationship of the facial nerve to the duct. Clin Anat 2004;17:463–7.
  • Mahmmood VH. Buccal branch as a guide for superficial parotidectomy. J Craniofac Surg 2012;23:e447–9.
  • Stuzin JM, Wagstrom L, Kawamoto HK, Baker TJ, Wolfe SA. The anatomy and clinical applications of the buccal fat pad. Plast Reconstr Surg 1990;85:29–37.
  • Chaudhary B, Gong Z, Lin Z, Abbas K, Ling B, Liu H. Reconstruction of intraoral maxillary defect with buccal fat pad. J Craniofac Surg 2014;25:2174–7.
  • Hwang K, Cho HJ, Battuvshin D, Chung IH, Hwang SH. Interrelated buccal fat pad with facial buccal branches and parotid duct. J Craniofac Surg 2005;16:658–660.
  • Vieira GM, Jorge FD, Franco EJ, Dias LDC, Guimarães MDCM, Oliveira LA. Lesions of the parotid gland and buccal artery after buccal fat pad reduction. J Carniofac Surg 2019;30:790–2.
  • Kehrer A, Engelmann S, Bauer R, Taeger C, Grechenig S, Kehrer M, Prantl L, Tamm ER, Bleys RLAW, Mandlik V. The nerve supply of zygomaticus major: variability and distinguishing zygomatic from buccal facial nerve branches. Clin Anat 2018;31:560–5.
  • Shoja MM, Tubbs RS, Loukas M. Bergman’s comprehensive encyclopedia of human anatomic variation. Hoboken (NJ): John Wiley & Sons 2016.
  • Liu AT, Jiang H, Zhao YZ, Yu DZ, Dang RS, Zhang YF, Zhang JL. Anatomy of buccal and marginal mandibular branches of facial nerve and its clinical significance. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2007;23:434–7.
  • Erbil KM, Uz A, Hayran M, Mas N, Senan S, Tuncel M. The relationship of the parotid duct to the buccal and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve; an anatomical study with parameters of clinical interest. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2007;66:109–14.
  • Tansatit T, Phanchart P, Chinnawong D, Apinuntrum P, Phetudom T, Sahraoui YM. A cadaveric study ofthe communication patterns between the buccal trunks of the facial nere and the infraorbital nerve in the midface. J Craniofac Surg 2016;27:214–18.
  • Saylam C, Ucerler H, Orhan M, Ozek C. Anatomic landmarks of the buccal branches of the facial nerve. Surg Radiol Anat 2006;28:462–7.
  • Pogrel MA, Schmidt B, Ammar A. The relationship of the buccal branch of the facial nerve to the parotid duct. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1996;54:71–3.
  • Katz AD, Catalano P. The clinical significance of the various anastomotic branches of the facial nerve. Report of 100 patients. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1987;113:959–62.
  • Namking M, Boonruangsri P, Woraputtaporn W, Güldner FH. Communication between the facial and auriculotemporal nerves. J Anat 1994;185:421–6.
  • Kwak HH, Park HD, Youn KH, Hu KS, Koh KS, Han SH, Kim HJ. Branching patterns of the facial nerve and its communication with the auriculotemporal nerve. Surg Radiol Anat 2004;26:494– 500.
  • Davis RA, Anson BJ, Budlinger JM, Kurth LR. Surgical anatomy of the facial nerve and parotid gland as based upon a study of 350 cervicofacial halves. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1956;102:385–412.
  • Laurentjoye M, Veyret A, Ella B, Uzel AP, Majoufre-Lefebvre C, Caix P, Ricard AS. Surgical anatomy of the preauricular anteroparotid approach for mandibular condyle surgery. Surg Radiol Anat 2014;36:883–8.
  • Roostaeian J, Rohrich RJ, Stuzin JM. Anatomical considerations to prevent facial nerve injury. Plast Reconstr Surg 2015;135:1318–27.
  • Saylam C, Ucerler H, Orhan M, Ozek C. Anatomic guides to precisely localize the zygomatic branches of the facial nerve. J Craniofac Surg 2006;17:50–3.
  • Yousuf S, Tubbs RS, Wartmann CT, Kapos T, Cohen-Gadol AA, Loukas M. A review of the gross anatomy, functions, pathology, and clinical uses of the buccal fat pad. Surg Radiol Anat 2010;32: 427–36.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Original Articles
Yazarlar

Özlem Elvan

Alev Bobus

Proje Numarası -
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Elvan, Ö., & Bobus, A. (2020). Relationship between buccal branches of the facial nerve, parotid duct, buccal fat pad and Zuker’s point. Anatomy, 14(2), 91-96.
AMA Elvan Ö, Bobus A. Relationship between buccal branches of the facial nerve, parotid duct, buccal fat pad and Zuker’s point. Anatomy. Ağustos 2020;14(2):91-96.
Chicago Elvan, Özlem, ve Alev Bobus. “Relationship Between Buccal Branches of the Facial Nerve, Parotid Duct, Buccal Fat Pad and Zuker’s Point”. Anatomy 14, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2020): 91-96.
EndNote Elvan Ö, Bobus A (01 Ağustos 2020) Relationship between buccal branches of the facial nerve, parotid duct, buccal fat pad and Zuker’s point. Anatomy 14 2 91–96.
IEEE Ö. Elvan ve A. Bobus, “Relationship between buccal branches of the facial nerve, parotid duct, buccal fat pad and Zuker’s point”, Anatomy, c. 14, sy. 2, ss. 91–96, 2020.
ISNAD Elvan, Özlem - Bobus, Alev. “Relationship Between Buccal Branches of the Facial Nerve, Parotid Duct, Buccal Fat Pad and Zuker’s Point”. Anatomy 14/2 (Ağustos 2020), 91-96.
JAMA Elvan Ö, Bobus A. Relationship between buccal branches of the facial nerve, parotid duct, buccal fat pad and Zuker’s point. Anatomy. 2020;14:91–96.
MLA Elvan, Özlem ve Alev Bobus. “Relationship Between Buccal Branches of the Facial Nerve, Parotid Duct, Buccal Fat Pad and Zuker’s Point”. Anatomy, c. 14, sy. 2, 2020, ss. 91-96.
Vancouver Elvan Ö, Bobus A. Relationship between buccal branches of the facial nerve, parotid duct, buccal fat pad and Zuker’s point. Anatomy. 2020;14(2):91-6.

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