Öz
Bu çalışmanın amacı Giyilebilir Teknolojik Spor Ürünlerine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasının yapılmasıdır. Çalışma grubunu 2020-2021 sezonunda çeşitli branşlarada aktif sporcu olup hem de bu spor ürünlerini kullanmakta olan ve araştırmaya gönüllülük esasına göre katılan 214 bireyden oluşurken yapılan normallik testi sonucu aykırı uç değer gösteren 4 anket formu analizden çıkartılmış olup 210 anket formu değerlendirmeye esas alınmıştır. Giyilebilir Teknolojik Spor Ürünlerine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği çalışmasına başlarken 22 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri sonucu açıklanan varyans değeri 60.08 olarak tespit edilen ölçeğin, 14 madde ve 2 faktörlü yapıyı desteklediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu faktörler 9 madde (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) Pozitif Tutum (PT) ve 5 madde (10,11,12,131,14) Negatif Tutum(NT) olarak adlandırılmıştır. Negatif tutum maddeleri ters kodlanmaktadır. Ölçeğin alt boyutlarına yönelik yapılan güvenirlik analiz sonçları iç tutarlık katsayısı ve test tekrar test yöntemiyle incelenmiş olup, hesaplanmış olan güvenirlik katsayıları 0.84 – 0.90 aralığında değiştiği görülmektedir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analiz sonuçları incelendiğinde yeterli derecede uyum indekslerine sahip olduğu istatistiksel olarak belirlenmiştir. Madde analizine göre incelendiğinde ise maddelerin ayırt edici olduğu görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak elde edilen bulgulara ait olarak Giyilebilir Teknolojik Spor Ürünlerine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği (GTSÜYTÖ)’ nün geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu istatistiksel olarak belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Bryman, A., ve Cramer, D. (2004). Quantitative data analysis with SPSS 12 and 13: A guide for social scientists. Routledge.
- Crowley-Koch, B. J., ve Houten R. V. (2013). Automated measurement in applied behavior analysis. Behavioral Interventions, 28, 225-240.
- Dehon, C., Weems, C. F., Stickle, T. R., Costa, N. M., ve Berman, S. L. (2005). A cross-sectional evaluation of the factorial in variance of anxiety sensitivity in adolescents and youngadults. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43(6), 799-810.
- Do, H., Ko, E., ve Woodside, A. G. (2015) Tiger Woods, Nike, and I are (not) best friends: how brand's sports sponsorship in social-media impacts brand consumer's congruity and relationship quality. International Journal of Advertising, 34 (4), 658-677.
- Donze, P. Y. (2020) The transformation of global luxury brands: The case of the Swiss watch company Longines, 1880-2010. Business History, 62 (1), 26-41.
- Dumangöz, P. D. (2022). Covıd-19 and youth sports: Psychological, developmental and economic impacts. M. Yenilmez İnce ve G. Ersöz (Eds.), In sport management, İnnovation and the covıd-19 crisis (chapter five). Routledge Taylor&Francis Group.
- Gao, Y., Li, H., ve Luo, Y. (2015). An empirical study of wearable technology acceptance in healthcare. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 115(9), 1704-1723. doi:10.1108/IMDS-03-2015-0087
- Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS. Sage Publications, Inc.
- Fransen, M. L., van Rompay, T. J. L., ve Muntinga, D.G. (2013) Increasing sponsorship effectiveness through brand experience. International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship, 14(2), 112-125.
- Frick, B., ve Wicker, P. (2016) The trickle-down effect: how elite sporting success affects amateur participation in German football. Applied Economics Letters, 23(4), 259-263.
- Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., ve Mullen, M. (2008). Structual equation modeling: guidelines for determining model fit. The Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 6(1), 53-60.
- İslamoğlu, A. H., ve Alnıaçık, Ü. (2014). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri. Beta Yayınevi.
- Karasar, N. (2009). Araştırmalarda rapor hazırlama. Nobel Yayıncılık.
- Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A Quantitative Approach to Content Validity. Personnel Psychology, 28(4), 563-575
- Meydan, C. M., ve Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi AMOS uygulamaları. Detay Yayıncılık.
- Nike™ + FuelBand: User guide. (2014). Apple Inc. Retrieved from http://www.Nike™plus.com (10.09.2022 tarihinde erişilmiştir).
- Pett, M. A., Lackey, N. R., ve Sullivan, J. J. (2003). Making sense of factor analysis: The use of factor analysis for instrument development in health care research. Sage Publications.
- Piwek, L., Ellis, D. A., Andrews, S., ve Joinson, A. (2016). The rise of consumer health wearables: promises and barriers. PLoS Med, 13(2), e1001953.
- Salah, H., MacIntosh, E., ve Rajakulendran, N (2014). Wearable Tech: Leveraging Canadian Innovation to Improve Health. Retrieved from http://www.marsdd.com/newsinsights/mars-reports/
- Schermelleh-Engel, K., Mossbrugger, H., ve Müller, H. (2003). Evaluatingthe fit of structural equation models: Test of significance and descriptive goodness-of –fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23-74.
- Shevlina, M., Milesb, J. N., ve Lewisa, C. A. (2000). Reassessing the fit of the confirmatory factor analysis of the multidimensional students life satisfaction scale: comments onconfirmatory factor analysis of the multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale'. Personality and Individual Differences, 28(1), 181-185.
- Simon, D., Kriston, L., Loh, A., Spies, C., Scheibler, F., Wills, C., ve Härter, M. (2010). Confirmatory factor analysis and recommendations for improvement of the Autonomy‐Preference‐Index (API). Health expectations, 13(3), 234-243.
- Stride, C., Williams, J., Moor, D., ve Catley, N. (2015) From Sportswear to Leisurewear: The Evolution of English Football League Shirt Design in the Replica Kit Era. Sport in History, 35(1), 156-194.
- Şahin, S., Çelik, A., ve Altınışık, Ü. (2019). Güreş hakemlerinin örgütsel sinizm tutumlarının incelenmesi. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(4), 285-295.
- Tabachnick, B. G, Fidell, L. S., ve Ullman, J. B. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Boston, MA: Pearson, 481-498.
- Tehrani, K., ve Michael, A. (2014, March). Wearable technology and wearable devices: Everything you need to know. Wearable Devices Magazine.
- Thompson, B. (2004). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis: Understanding concepts and applications. American Psychological Association.
- Thomas, R. J. (2015) Out with the old and in with the new: a study of new kit sponsorship and brand associations in the Barclays Premier League. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 24(3), 229-251.
Öz
The purpose of this study is to conduct a study on the validity and reliability of the Attitude Scale for Wearable Technological Sports Products. The study group is an active athlete in different industries during the 2020-2021 season and consists of 214 people who use these sports products and voluntarily participate in the study. The 4 survey questionnaires that have three unfavorable scores were removed from the analysis and based on the 210 survey questionnaires. The attitude scale for wearable technological sports products consists of 22 items at the beginning of the study. The scale, which was determined to be a variant score of 60.08, has 14 items and a 2- factor structure according to the study's descriptive and corrosive factor analysis. These factors are referred to as 9 items (1.2, 3.4, 5.6, 7.8, 9) positive attitude (PT) and 5 items (10,11,12,131,14) negative attitude (NT). Agents with negative attitude are reversed. Reliability analysis Sonnets for the lower dimensions of the scale was analyzed using the internal magnitude coefficient and the test-retest method, and the calculated reliability coefficient ranges from 0.84 to 0.90. When analyzing the results of the verification factor analysis, it was statistically found to have sufficient harmonization indices. The substance analysis indicates that the substances are discriminated. In conclusion, it was statistically determined that the Attitude Scale (GTSUYTO) for wearable technical sports products is a valid and reliable measurement tool.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Bryman, A., ve Cramer, D. (2004). Quantitative data analysis with SPSS 12 and 13: A guide for social scientists. Routledge.
- Crowley-Koch, B. J., ve Houten R. V. (2013). Automated measurement in applied behavior analysis. Behavioral Interventions, 28, 225-240.
- Dehon, C., Weems, C. F., Stickle, T. R., Costa, N. M., ve Berman, S. L. (2005). A cross-sectional evaluation of the factorial in variance of anxiety sensitivity in adolescents and youngadults. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43(6), 799-810.
- Do, H., Ko, E., ve Woodside, A. G. (2015) Tiger Woods, Nike, and I are (not) best friends: how brand's sports sponsorship in social-media impacts brand consumer's congruity and relationship quality. International Journal of Advertising, 34 (4), 658-677.
- Donze, P. Y. (2020) The transformation of global luxury brands: The case of the Swiss watch company Longines, 1880-2010. Business History, 62 (1), 26-41.
- Dumangöz, P. D. (2022). Covıd-19 and youth sports: Psychological, developmental and economic impacts. M. Yenilmez İnce ve G. Ersöz (Eds.), In sport management, İnnovation and the covıd-19 crisis (chapter five). Routledge Taylor&Francis Group.
- Gao, Y., Li, H., ve Luo, Y. (2015). An empirical study of wearable technology acceptance in healthcare. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 115(9), 1704-1723. doi:10.1108/IMDS-03-2015-0087
- Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS. Sage Publications, Inc.
- Fransen, M. L., van Rompay, T. J. L., ve Muntinga, D.G. (2013) Increasing sponsorship effectiveness through brand experience. International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship, 14(2), 112-125.
- Frick, B., ve Wicker, P. (2016) The trickle-down effect: how elite sporting success affects amateur participation in German football. Applied Economics Letters, 23(4), 259-263.
- Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., ve Mullen, M. (2008). Structual equation modeling: guidelines for determining model fit. The Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 6(1), 53-60.
- İslamoğlu, A. H., ve Alnıaçık, Ü. (2014). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri. Beta Yayınevi.
- Karasar, N. (2009). Araştırmalarda rapor hazırlama. Nobel Yayıncılık.
- Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A Quantitative Approach to Content Validity. Personnel Psychology, 28(4), 563-575
- Meydan, C. M., ve Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi AMOS uygulamaları. Detay Yayıncılık.
- Nike™ + FuelBand: User guide. (2014). Apple Inc. Retrieved from http://www.Nike™plus.com (10.09.2022 tarihinde erişilmiştir).
- Pett, M. A., Lackey, N. R., ve Sullivan, J. J. (2003). Making sense of factor analysis: The use of factor analysis for instrument development in health care research. Sage Publications.
- Piwek, L., Ellis, D. A., Andrews, S., ve Joinson, A. (2016). The rise of consumer health wearables: promises and barriers. PLoS Med, 13(2), e1001953.
- Salah, H., MacIntosh, E., ve Rajakulendran, N (2014). Wearable Tech: Leveraging Canadian Innovation to Improve Health. Retrieved from http://www.marsdd.com/newsinsights/mars-reports/
- Schermelleh-Engel, K., Mossbrugger, H., ve Müller, H. (2003). Evaluatingthe fit of structural equation models: Test of significance and descriptive goodness-of –fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23-74.
- Shevlina, M., Milesb, J. N., ve Lewisa, C. A. (2000). Reassessing the fit of the confirmatory factor analysis of the multidimensional students life satisfaction scale: comments onconfirmatory factor analysis of the multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale'. Personality and Individual Differences, 28(1), 181-185.
- Simon, D., Kriston, L., Loh, A., Spies, C., Scheibler, F., Wills, C., ve Härter, M. (2010). Confirmatory factor analysis and recommendations for improvement of the Autonomy‐Preference‐Index (API). Health expectations, 13(3), 234-243.
- Stride, C., Williams, J., Moor, D., ve Catley, N. (2015) From Sportswear to Leisurewear: The Evolution of English Football League Shirt Design in the Replica Kit Era. Sport in History, 35(1), 156-194.
- Şahin, S., Çelik, A., ve Altınışık, Ü. (2019). Güreş hakemlerinin örgütsel sinizm tutumlarının incelenmesi. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(4), 285-295.
- Tabachnick, B. G, Fidell, L. S., ve Ullman, J. B. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Boston, MA: Pearson, 481-498.
- Tehrani, K., ve Michael, A. (2014, March). Wearable technology and wearable devices: Everything you need to know. Wearable Devices Magazine.
- Thompson, B. (2004). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis: Understanding concepts and applications. American Psychological Association.
- Thomas, R. J. (2015) Out with the old and in with the new: a study of new kit sponsorship and brand associations in the Barclays Premier League. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 24(3), 229-251.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Fiziksel Aktivite ve Sağlık |
| Bölüm | Arşiv |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 23 Aralık 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 10 Kasım 2022 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 22 Aralık 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 5 Sayı: Özel Sayı 2 - Akademik Spor Araştırmaları Özel Sayısı |
Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.
Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science (MJSS) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.