Araştırma Makalesi
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EVALUATION OF CHILD PLAYGROUNDS IN SOME VARIABLES: CITY OF AKSARAY

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 162 - 171, 13.03.2021

Abdullah Yılmaz Tuncay Öcal

Öz

The aim of this study is to evaluate the children's playgrounds in Aksaray in terms of parents. As a result of these evaluations, it is aimed to reveal the deficiencies of the fields and to offer suggestions about what needs to be done. In the study, the personal information form and the Children's Playgrounds Evaluation Scale developed by Ulaş and Ayan were used. The scale, consisting of 17 items in total, has 4 sub-dimensions: "Hygiene and Lighting Competence", "General Competence", "Hardware Competence" and "Safety and Functionality Competence". A total of 251 parents, 149 males, and 102 females, using these areas, participated in the study voluntarily. According to the results of the t-test, no statistically significant difference was found between the means of the male and female parents observed both in the entire scale and in its sub-dimensions. 73.5% of the female participants and 53% of the men are in the age group 40 and below. In the safety and functionality sub-dimension, it was determined that the difference observed between the averages of parents aged 41 and over and parents aged 40 and younger was statistically significant. Parents aged 41 and over find the safety and functionality of children's playgrounds less than that of parents 40 and younger. The averages obtained in the study show that the children's playgrounds in Aksaray province are insufficient in terms of both general competence and sub-dimensions

Anahtar Kelimeler

Children's Playgrounds Child Game

Kaynakça

  • Ayan S., Ulaş M. (2015). The examinatıon of playground equipments which are used in Turkey according to the models in developed countries, Route Educational and Social Science Journal, 2(3), 130-145.
  • Demirel Ö. (2003). Eğitim sözlüğü. Pegem: Ankara.
  • Ayan S., Memiș UA, (2012). A research related to the importance of play in early childhood, Selçuk Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilim Dergisi, 14(2), 143-149.
  • Ayan S., Dündar H. (2009). Eğitimde okul öncesi yaratıcılığın ve oyunun önemi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Ahmet Keleşoğlu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 28, 63-74.
  • Ginsburg KR. (2007). The importance of play in promoting healthy child development and maintaining strong parent-child bonds, Pediatrics, 119(1), 182–191.
  • Tepe MG., Şahi̇n İ., Kalebozan T. (2020). Determination Of The Motor Development Levels Of 9-10 Years Old Children, Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 22 (2), 352-359.
  • Karaman B., Süel E. (2020). Okul Öncesi Eğitim Kurumlarında Oynatılan Fiziksel Etkinliğe Dayalı Oyunların Psikomotor Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14 (3), 529-539.
  • Çalışkan, O., & Süel, E. (2020). Investigation of the psychomotor development levels of girls and boys in the 8 and 9 age groups according to the TGMD-II Test. Journal of Human Sciences, 17(4), 1285-1296. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v17i4.6104
  • Bağlar S., Ayan S., Yapıcı H., Arıkan V. (2017). Çocuk sporcularda fiziksel performans ile ağız ve diş sağlığı arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi, Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, 8(1), 11-15.
  • Neelon, S. Eç B., Oken, E., Taveras, E. M., Rifas-Shiman, S, L., & Gillman, M, W, (2012), Age of achievement of gross motor milestones in infancy and adiposity at age 3 years, Maternal and Child Health Journal, 16(5), 1015–1020.
  • Williams, H. G., Pfeiffer, K. A., O’neill, J. R., Dowda, M., McIver, K. L., Brown, W. H., & Pate, R. R. (2008). Motor skill performance and physical activity in preschool children, Obesity, 16(6), 1421–1426.
  • Christie JF. (Ed), (1991), Play and early literacy development, SUNNY Press.
  • Metin SN., Kılıç MA., Ayan S. (2020). Osmaniye İli Rekreatif Alanlarının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından Değerlendirilmesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 22 (3), 12-20.
  • Metin SN., Kılıç MA. (2020). Evaluation of Children's Playgrounds in Terms of Various Variables in Osmaniye Province, International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 8(3), 112-121.
  • UN. (2013). General comment No, 17 on the right of the child to rest, leisure, play, recreational activities, cultural life and the arts (art, 31) Convention of the Rights of the Child, Geneva: United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child.
  • Silver D., Giorgio M., Mijanovich T. (2014). Utilization patterns and perceptions of playground users in New York City, J Community Health, 39(2), 363-371.
  • Acar H. (2003). Çocuk oyun alanlarında kullanıcıların bitki tercihlerinin belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma: Trabzon kenti örneği, Yüksek lisans tezi, KTÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
  • Pyle R. (2002). Eden in a vacant lot: Special places, species and kids in community of life, In P. H. Kahn., & S. R. Kellert (Eds,). Children and nature: Psychological, sociocultural and evolutionary investigations (pp, 305-327), Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press.
  • Barbour AC. (1999). The impact of playground design on the play behaviors of children with differing levels of physical competence, Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 14(1), 75-98.
  • Escalante Y., Garcia-hermoso, A., Backx K., Saavedra JM. (2014). Playground designs to increase physical activity levels during school recess: a systematic review, Health Educ Behav, 41(2), 138-144.
  • Kılıç MA. (2020). 5-18 yaş arası okul sporlarına katılan öğrencilerin dijital oyun bağımlılığı ile sosyal ve duygusal yalnızlık düzeylerinin incelenmesi, Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı, Kırıkkale.
  • Kiper N. (1999). Importance of play areas in child development and design guidelines for play areas, İzmir, A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Scholl in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements fort the degree of, Master of urban Design, 1, 124-127.
  • Ulaş M., Ayan S. (2016). Çocuk Oyun Alanları Değerlendirme Ölçeği: Geçerlik-Güvenirlik Çalışması, CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 10-24.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). Early care and education, Retrieved from https://www,cdc,gov/ obesity/strategies/childcareece,html
  • Carson V., Rahman AA., Wiebe SA. (2017). Associations of subjectively and objectively measured sedentary behavior and physical activity with cognitive development in the early years, Mental Health and Physical Activity, 13, 1–8.
  • Venetsanou F., Kambas A. (2010). Environmental factors affecting preschoolers’ motor development, Early Childhood Education Journal, 37(4), 319–327.
  • Şişman EE., Erdinç L., Özyavuz M. (2010). The evaluation of the playgrounds in respect of child safety: Tekirdağ (Turkey), 7 (2), 141-150.
  • Pain R, (2006). Paranoid parenting? Rematerializing risk and fear for children, Social & Cultural Geography, 7(2): 221–243.
  • Chawla L., Malone K. (2003) Neighbourhood quality in children‟s eyes, In P,Christensen, & M, O‟Brien (Eds,), Children in the city: Home, neighbourhood and community London: RoutledgeFalmer, pp, 118–141.
  • Jefferson T., Del Mar CB, Dooley L, Ferroni E, Al‐Ansary LA, Bawazeer GA, … & Conly JM. (2011). Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses, Cochrane database of systematic reviews.
  • Ejemot‐Nwadiaro RI., Ehiri JE., Meremikwu MM., & Critchley JA. (2008). Hand washing for preventing diarrhoea, Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (1).
  • Yapıcı H., Ayan S., Orhan R., Ünver R. (2019). Assessment Of Chıldren's Playgrounds In Ankara Provınce By Parents, International Journal of Fitness, Health, Physical Education & Iron Games, 2(6), 80-90.
  • Yılmaz H., Akpınar E., Yılmaz H. (2006). Toxıcologıcal characterıstıcs of some ornamental plants used in landscape archıtecture, Suleyman Demirel University of Faculty Forestry Journal Seri: A, 1: 82-95.
  • Schwebel DC., Brezausek CM. (2014). Child development and pediatric sport and recreational injuries by age, Journal of Athletic Training, 49, 780–785.
  • Phelan KJ., Khoury J., Kalkwarf HJ., Lanphear BP. (2001). Trends and patterns of playground injuries in United States children and adolescents, Ambulatory Pediatrics, 1, 227–233.
  • Adelson SL., Chounthirath T., Hodges NL., Collins CL., Smith GA. (2018). Pediatric playground-related injuries treated in hospital emergency departments in the United States, Clinical Pediatrics, 57, 584–592.
  • Tuckel P., Milczarski W., Silverman DG. (2017). Injuries caused by fall from playground equipment in the United States, Clinical Pediatrics, 57, 563–573.
  • Reimers AK, Knapp G. (2017). Playground usage and physical activity levels of children based on playground spatial features. J Public Health 25, 661–669. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-017-0828-x
  • Ding D, Sallis JF, Kerr J, Lee S, Rosenberg DE. (2011). Neighborhood environment and physical activity among youth: a review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 41, 442–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.06.036
  • Scott MM., Evenson KR., Cohen DA., Cox CE. (2007) Comparing perceived and objectively measured access to recreational facilities as predictors of physical activity in adolescent girls. Journal of Urban Health, 84, 346–359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-007-9179-1
  • Iwarsson, S., & Ståhl, A. (2003). Accessibility, usability and universal design—positioning and definition of concepts describing person-environment relationships. Disability and rehabilitation, 25(2), 57-66.
  • Reimers, A. K., & Knapp, G. (2017). Playground usage and physical activity levels of children based on playground spatial features. Journal of Public Health, 25(6), 661-669.
  • Prellwitz, M., & Skär, L. (2007). Usability of playgrounds for children with different abilities. Occupational therapy international, 14(3), 144-155.
  • Prellwitz, M., & Skär, L. (2006). How children with restricted mobility perceive the accessibility and usability of their home environment. Occupational Therapy International, 13(4), 193-206.
  • Cardon, G., Van Cauwenberghe, E., Labarque, V., Haerens, L., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (2008). The contribution of preschool playground factors in explaining children's physical activity during recess. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 5(1), 11.
  • Davison, K. K., & Lawson, C. T. (2006). Do attributes in the physical environment influence children's physical activity? A review of the literature. International journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 3(1), 19.
  • Sallis, J. F., Nader, P. R., Broyles, S. L., Berry, C. C., Elder, J. P., McKenzie, T. L., & Nelson, J. A. (1993). Correlates of physical activity at home in Mexican-American and Anglo-American preschool children. Health psychology, 12(5), 390.

AKSARAY İLİNDEKİ ÇOCUK OYUN ALANLARININ ÇEŞİTLİ DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 162 - 171, 13.03.2021

Abdullah Yılmaz Tuncay Öcal

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı Aksaray ilindeki çocuk oyun alanlarının ebeveynler açısından değerlendirilmesi, bu değerlendirmeler neticesinde alanların eksikliklerinin ortaya konulması ve yapılması gerekenler hakkında önerilerin sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada veri toplamak amacıyla kişisel bilgi formu ile Ulaş ve Ayan tarafından geliştirilen Çocuk Oyun Alanları Değerlendirme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Toplam 17 maddeden oluşan ölçeğin, “Hijyen ve Aydınlatma Yeterliliği”, “Genel Yeterlilik”, “Donanım Yeterliliği” ve “Güvenlik ve İşlevsellik Yeterliliği” olmak üzere 4 alt boyutu vardır. Çalışmaya bu alanları kullanan, 149’u erkek 102’si kadın olmak üzere toplam 251 ebeveyn gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Yapılan t-testi sonucuna göre, kadın ve erkek ebeveynlerin gerek ölçeğin tamamında gerekse alt boyutlarında gözlenen ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilememiştir. Kadın katılımcıların %73,5’i, erkeklerin ise %53’ü 40 yaş ve altı grupta yer almaktadır. Güvenlik ve işlevsellik alt boyutunda, 41 yaş ve üstü ebeveynler ile 40 yaş ve altı ebeveynlerin ortalamaları arasında gözlenen farklılığın istatistiksel açıdan önemli olduğu, 41 yaş ve üstü ebeveynlerin çocuk oyun alanlarının güvenlik ve işlevselliğini 40 yaş ve altı ebeveynlerden daha yetersiz bulduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte araştırmada elde edilen ortalamalar, Aksaray ilindeki çocuk oyun alanlarının hem genel yeterlilik konusunda hem de alt boyutlarda yetersiz olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çocuk Oyun Alanları Çocuk Oyun

Kaynakça

  • Ayan S., Ulaş M. (2015). The examinatıon of playground equipments which are used in Turkey according to the models in developed countries, Route Educational and Social Science Journal, 2(3), 130-145.
  • Demirel Ö. (2003). Eğitim sözlüğü. Pegem: Ankara.
  • Ayan S., Memiș UA, (2012). A research related to the importance of play in early childhood, Selçuk Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilim Dergisi, 14(2), 143-149.
  • Ayan S., Dündar H. (2009). Eğitimde okul öncesi yaratıcılığın ve oyunun önemi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Ahmet Keleşoğlu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 28, 63-74.
  • Ginsburg KR. (2007). The importance of play in promoting healthy child development and maintaining strong parent-child bonds, Pediatrics, 119(1), 182–191.
  • Tepe MG., Şahi̇n İ., Kalebozan T. (2020). Determination Of The Motor Development Levels Of 9-10 Years Old Children, Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 22 (2), 352-359.
  • Karaman B., Süel E. (2020). Okul Öncesi Eğitim Kurumlarında Oynatılan Fiziksel Etkinliğe Dayalı Oyunların Psikomotor Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14 (3), 529-539.
  • Çalışkan, O., & Süel, E. (2020). Investigation of the psychomotor development levels of girls and boys in the 8 and 9 age groups according to the TGMD-II Test. Journal of Human Sciences, 17(4), 1285-1296. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v17i4.6104
  • Bağlar S., Ayan S., Yapıcı H., Arıkan V. (2017). Çocuk sporcularda fiziksel performans ile ağız ve diş sağlığı arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi, Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, 8(1), 11-15.
  • Neelon, S. Eç B., Oken, E., Taveras, E. M., Rifas-Shiman, S, L., & Gillman, M, W, (2012), Age of achievement of gross motor milestones in infancy and adiposity at age 3 years, Maternal and Child Health Journal, 16(5), 1015–1020.
  • Williams, H. G., Pfeiffer, K. A., O’neill, J. R., Dowda, M., McIver, K. L., Brown, W. H., & Pate, R. R. (2008). Motor skill performance and physical activity in preschool children, Obesity, 16(6), 1421–1426.
  • Christie JF. (Ed), (1991), Play and early literacy development, SUNNY Press.
  • Metin SN., Kılıç MA., Ayan S. (2020). Osmaniye İli Rekreatif Alanlarının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından Değerlendirilmesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 22 (3), 12-20.
  • Metin SN., Kılıç MA. (2020). Evaluation of Children's Playgrounds in Terms of Various Variables in Osmaniye Province, International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 8(3), 112-121.
  • UN. (2013). General comment No, 17 on the right of the child to rest, leisure, play, recreational activities, cultural life and the arts (art, 31) Convention of the Rights of the Child, Geneva: United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child.
  • Silver D., Giorgio M., Mijanovich T. (2014). Utilization patterns and perceptions of playground users in New York City, J Community Health, 39(2), 363-371.
  • Acar H. (2003). Çocuk oyun alanlarında kullanıcıların bitki tercihlerinin belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma: Trabzon kenti örneği, Yüksek lisans tezi, KTÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
  • Pyle R. (2002). Eden in a vacant lot: Special places, species and kids in community of life, In P. H. Kahn., & S. R. Kellert (Eds,). Children and nature: Psychological, sociocultural and evolutionary investigations (pp, 305-327), Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press.
  • Barbour AC. (1999). The impact of playground design on the play behaviors of children with differing levels of physical competence, Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 14(1), 75-98.
  • Escalante Y., Garcia-hermoso, A., Backx K., Saavedra JM. (2014). Playground designs to increase physical activity levels during school recess: a systematic review, Health Educ Behav, 41(2), 138-144.
  • Kılıç MA. (2020). 5-18 yaş arası okul sporlarına katılan öğrencilerin dijital oyun bağımlılığı ile sosyal ve duygusal yalnızlık düzeylerinin incelenmesi, Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı, Kırıkkale.
  • Kiper N. (1999). Importance of play areas in child development and design guidelines for play areas, İzmir, A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Scholl in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements fort the degree of, Master of urban Design, 1, 124-127.
  • Ulaş M., Ayan S. (2016). Çocuk Oyun Alanları Değerlendirme Ölçeği: Geçerlik-Güvenirlik Çalışması, CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 10-24.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). Early care and education, Retrieved from https://www,cdc,gov/ obesity/strategies/childcareece,html
  • Carson V., Rahman AA., Wiebe SA. (2017). Associations of subjectively and objectively measured sedentary behavior and physical activity with cognitive development in the early years, Mental Health and Physical Activity, 13, 1–8.
  • Venetsanou F., Kambas A. (2010). Environmental factors affecting preschoolers’ motor development, Early Childhood Education Journal, 37(4), 319–327.
  • Şişman EE., Erdinç L., Özyavuz M. (2010). The evaluation of the playgrounds in respect of child safety: Tekirdağ (Turkey), 7 (2), 141-150.
  • Pain R, (2006). Paranoid parenting? Rematerializing risk and fear for children, Social & Cultural Geography, 7(2): 221–243.
  • Chawla L., Malone K. (2003) Neighbourhood quality in children‟s eyes, In P,Christensen, & M, O‟Brien (Eds,), Children in the city: Home, neighbourhood and community London: RoutledgeFalmer, pp, 118–141.
  • Jefferson T., Del Mar CB, Dooley L, Ferroni E, Al‐Ansary LA, Bawazeer GA, … & Conly JM. (2011). Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses, Cochrane database of systematic reviews.
  • Ejemot‐Nwadiaro RI., Ehiri JE., Meremikwu MM., & Critchley JA. (2008). Hand washing for preventing diarrhoea, Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (1).
  • Yapıcı H., Ayan S., Orhan R., Ünver R. (2019). Assessment Of Chıldren's Playgrounds In Ankara Provınce By Parents, International Journal of Fitness, Health, Physical Education & Iron Games, 2(6), 80-90.
  • Yılmaz H., Akpınar E., Yılmaz H. (2006). Toxıcologıcal characterıstıcs of some ornamental plants used in landscape archıtecture, Suleyman Demirel University of Faculty Forestry Journal Seri: A, 1: 82-95.
  • Schwebel DC., Brezausek CM. (2014). Child development and pediatric sport and recreational injuries by age, Journal of Athletic Training, 49, 780–785.
  • Phelan KJ., Khoury J., Kalkwarf HJ., Lanphear BP. (2001). Trends and patterns of playground injuries in United States children and adolescents, Ambulatory Pediatrics, 1, 227–233.
  • Adelson SL., Chounthirath T., Hodges NL., Collins CL., Smith GA. (2018). Pediatric playground-related injuries treated in hospital emergency departments in the United States, Clinical Pediatrics, 57, 584–592.
  • Tuckel P., Milczarski W., Silverman DG. (2017). Injuries caused by fall from playground equipment in the United States, Clinical Pediatrics, 57, 563–573.
  • Reimers AK, Knapp G. (2017). Playground usage and physical activity levels of children based on playground spatial features. J Public Health 25, 661–669. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-017-0828-x
  • Ding D, Sallis JF, Kerr J, Lee S, Rosenberg DE. (2011). Neighborhood environment and physical activity among youth: a review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 41, 442–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.06.036
  • Scott MM., Evenson KR., Cohen DA., Cox CE. (2007) Comparing perceived and objectively measured access to recreational facilities as predictors of physical activity in adolescent girls. Journal of Urban Health, 84, 346–359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-007-9179-1
  • Iwarsson, S., & Ståhl, A. (2003). Accessibility, usability and universal design—positioning and definition of concepts describing person-environment relationships. Disability and rehabilitation, 25(2), 57-66.
  • Reimers, A. K., & Knapp, G. (2017). Playground usage and physical activity levels of children based on playground spatial features. Journal of Public Health, 25(6), 661-669.
  • Prellwitz, M., & Skär, L. (2007). Usability of playgrounds for children with different abilities. Occupational therapy international, 14(3), 144-155.
  • Prellwitz, M., & Skär, L. (2006). How children with restricted mobility perceive the accessibility and usability of their home environment. Occupational Therapy International, 13(4), 193-206.
  • Cardon, G., Van Cauwenberghe, E., Labarque, V., Haerens, L., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (2008). The contribution of preschool playground factors in explaining children's physical activity during recess. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 5(1), 11.
  • Davison, K. K., & Lawson, C. T. (2006). Do attributes in the physical environment influence children's physical activity? A review of the literature. International journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 3(1), 19.
  • Sallis, J. F., Nader, P. R., Broyles, S. L., Berry, C. C., Elder, J. P., McKenzie, T. L., & Nelson, J. A. (1993). Correlates of physical activity at home in Mexican-American and Anglo-American preschool children. Health psychology, 12(5), 390.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Abdullah Yılmaz 0000-0002-1196-9541

Tuncay Öcal 0000-0001-8440-6769

Yayımlanma Tarihi 13 Mart 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Ocak 2021
Kabul Tarihi 12 Mart 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yılmaz, A., & Öcal, T. (2021). AKSARAY İLİNDEKİ ÇOCUK OYUN ALANLARININ ÇEŞİTLİ DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ. Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(1), 162-171.
 Kapak Resmi İndir

16227

16228

16229

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