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YÜZÜCÜLERDE DOLFİN AYAK VURUŞUNUN KİNEMATİK PERFORMANS DEĞERLERİNE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3, 361 - 374, 01.01.2024

Zeynep Bozdoğan Kurt Nejla Gerçek Ali Özüak Çiğil Güler Ekrem Albayrak Nusret Ramazanoğlu

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, vücut kompozisyonu, alt ekstremite uzunlukları ve ayak bileği eklem hareket açılarının sualtı dolfin ayak vuruş performansına etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmaya, gönüllü 19 lisanslı erkek yüzücü katılmıştır. Dolfin ayak vuruşu kinematik ölçümleri 25 m yarı olimpik havuzda aksiyon kamerası kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Ölçümlerde serbest ve sırtüstü stil yüzme başlangıç ve dönüş fazı dolfin ayak vuruşu kinematiği değerlendirilmiştir. Ayak bileği eklem hareket açıklıkları ve alt ektremite uzunluklarının dolfin ayak vuruşu performansı ile ilişkisi Pearson Kolerasyon testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları incelendiğinde, serbest ve sırtüstü yüzme tekniğinde başlangıç fazı dolfin hızı ve sırtüstü yüzmede ise başlangıç ve dönüş fazı dolfin hızı yüzücünün vücut ağırlığı ve vücut kitle indeksi ile ilişkili bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Ayrıca, her iki yüzme tekniğinde de 50 m yüzme hızının yüzücülerin boyu, vücut ağırlığı ve vücut kitle indeksleri ile ilişkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Ayak bileği dorsal ve plantar fleksiyon açısının ise serbest stil yüzmede sağ plantar fleksiyon açısının dönüş fazı dolfin hızıyla ilişkisi hariç ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Serbest ve sırtüstü stil yüzme sırasında kullanılan sualtı dolfin ayak vuruşu kinematiği ekstemite uzunluklarından ziyade vücut ağırlığından ve vücut kitle indeksinden etkilenmektedir. Bu durum, dolfin ayak vuruşu performansında uzunluktan ziyade kas kütlesinin fazla olmasının daha etkili olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Ayak bileği eklem hareket açıklığının bu faza etkisinin olmaması ise dolfin ayak vuruşu sırasında diz, kalça ve gövde hareketlerinin daha etkin olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Yüzme hızını önemli oranda etkileyen dolfin ayak vuruşu performansına etki eden parametreler henüz açıklığa kavuşmamıştır, daha detaylı değerlendirmelere ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

yüzme kinematik sualtı dolfin ayak vuruşu

Teşekkür

Bu çalışmada kullanılan ölçüm araçları Marmara Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri ve Sporcu Sağlığı Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi Müdürlüğünce sağlanmıştır. Araştırma sürecinde su altı görüntüleme, veri toplama ve veri işleme sürecinde verdiği desteklerden dolayı Sayın İzzet Uğur ZENGİN'e teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.

Kaynakça

  • Morouço P., Keskinen KL., Vilas-Boas JP., Fernandes RJ. (2011). Relationship between tethered forces and the four swimming techniques performance. Journal of Applied Biomechanics. 27(2), 161-169.
  • Atlı A., Kulunkoglu B. (2021). Yüzme sporunda çıkış aşaması. Biyomekaniksel yaklaşım. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 4(1), 51-60.
  • Toussaint H., Truijens M. (2005). Biomechanical aspects of peak performance in human. Animal Biology. 55(1), 17-40.
  • Barbosa TM., Bragada JA., Reis VM., Marinho DA., Carvalho C., Silva AJ. (2010). Energetics and biomechanics as determining factors of swimming performance: updating the state of the art. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 13(2), 262-269.
  • Schaffert N., Engel A., Schlüter S., Mattes, K. (2019). The sound of the underwater dolphin-kick: developing real-time audio feedback in swimming. Displays. 59, 53-62.
  • Fina swimming rules. https://resources.fina.org/fina/document/2023/01/04/65961a45-bde5-4217-b666-ca1f5dc2d1f0/1_Swimming-Technical-Rules.04.01.2023.pdf. [Erişim tarihi: 05.07.2023].
  • Stosic J., Veiga S., Trinidad A., Navarro E. (2020). How should the transition from underwater to surface swimming be performed by competitive swimmers?. Applied Sciences. 11(1), 122.
  • Atkison RR., Dickey JP., Dragunas A., Nolte V. (2014). Importance of sagittal kick symmetry for underwater dolphin kick performance. Human Movement Science. 33, 298-311.
  • Silveira RP., De Souza Castro FA., Figueiredo P., Vilas-Boas JP., Zamparo P. (2017). The effects of leg kick on swimming speed and arm-stroke efficiency in the front crawl. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 12(6), 728-735.
  • Wądrzyk Ł., Nosiadek L., Staszkiewicz R. (2017). Underwater dolphin kicks of young swimmers–evaluation of effectiveness based on kinematic analysis. Human Movement. 18(4), 23-29.
  • Benjanuvatra N., Edmunds K., Blanksby, B. (2007). Jumping abilities and swimming grab-start performances in elite and recreational swimmers. International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education. 1(3), 6.
  • Bishop DC., Smith RJ., Smith MF., Rigby HE. (2009). Effect of plyometric training on swimming block start performance in adolescents. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 23(7), 2137-2143.
  • De la Fuentes B., Garcia F., Arellano R. (2003). Are the forces applied in the vertical countermovement jump related to the forces applied during swimming start?. Proceeding of the IX İnternational Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming. 99-103, University of Saint Etienne. France
  • Slawson SE., Chakravorti N., Conway PP., Cossor J., West AA. (2012). The effect of knee angle on force production, in swimming starts, using the OSB11 block. Procedia Engineering. 34, 801-806.
  • Tor E., Pease DL., Ball KA. (2015). Key parameters of the swimming start and their relationship to start performance. Journal of Sports Science. 13, 13-21.
  • Vantorre J., Seifert L., Fernandes RJ., Boas JP., Chollet D. (2010). Kinematical profiling of the front crawl start. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 31(1),16-21.
  • Hlavatý R. (2010). The anthropometric and kinematic determinants of swimming performance. Joint International IGIP-SEFI Annual Conference. 19-22 September, Slovakia.
  • Tabaki M., Rozi G., Thanopoulos V. (2016). Differences in morphological characteristics between swimmers and fin swimmers. Journal Academica, 6(4), 242-252.
  • Bond D., Goodson L., Oxford SW., Nevill AM., Duncan MJ. (2014). The association between anthropometric variables, functional movement screen scores and 100 m freestyle swimming performance in youth swimmers. Sports. 3(1), 1-11.
  • De Mello Vitor F., Böhme, MTS. (2010). Performance of young male swimmers in the 100-meters front crawl. Pediatric Exercise Science. 22(2), 278-287.
  • Pehlivan S., Karadenizli Zİ. (2019). 9-13 yaş grubu yüzücülerde 50 m serbest teknik yüzme performansı ile antropometrik ve motorik özellikler arasındaki ilişki. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Araştırmaları Dergisi. 11(2), 118-129.
  • Banerjee M., Bag S. (2019). Relationship of selected anthropometric variables with short distance swimming performance. International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education. 4(2), 413-417.
  • Sammoud S., Negra Y., Chaabene H., Bouguezzi R., Moran J., Granacher U. (2019). The effects of plyometric jump training on jumping and swimming performances in prepubertal male swimmers. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 18(4), 805.
  • Dos Santos MA., Henrique RS., Salvina M., Silva AHO., Junior MADV., Queiroz DR., Nevill AM. (2021). The influence of anthropometric variables, body composition, propulsive force and maturation on 50m freestyle swimming performance in junior swimmers. Journal of Sports Sciences. 39(14), 1615-1620.
  • Siders WA., Lukaski HC.,Bolonchuk WW. (1993). Relationships among swimming performance, body composition and somatotype in competitive collegiate swimmers. The Journal of Sport Medicine and Physical Fitness. 33(2), 166-171.
  • Thng S., Pearson S., Rathbone E., Keogh JW. (2022). Longitudinal tracking of body composition, lower limb force-time characteristics and swimming start performance in high performance swimmers. İnternational Journal of Sports Science and Coaching. 17(1), 83-94.
  • Sundén J. (2020). Associations between dolphin kick performance and lower extremity muscle strength, abdominal muscle strength and foot length in active competitive swimmers. Bachelor thesis, Halmstad University. Sweden.
  • Maglischo EW. (2003). Swimming fastest. Human Kinetics. 54-58.
  • Saavedra JM., Escalante Y., Rodríguez FA. (2010). A multivariate analysis of performance in young swimmers. Pediatric Exercise Science. 22(1), 135-151.
  • McCullough AS., Kraemer WJ., Volek JS., Solomon Hill GF., Hatfield DL., Vingren JL., Maresh CM. (2009). Factors affecting flutter kicking speed in women who are competitive and recreational swimmers. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 23(7), 2130-2136.
  • Škarabot, J., Beardsley, C., & Štirn, I. (2015). Comparing the effects of self‐myofascial release with static stretching on ankle range‐of‐motion in adolescent athletes. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 10(2), 203.
  • Yüksek S., Hatipoğlu Ö., Ayan V., Ölmez C. (2017). 9-12 yaş yüzücülerde 50 metre sürat koşusu ile 25 metre serbest stil yüzme performansları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences. 9(2), 57-64.
  • Bıldırcın CÇ., Eryılmaz SK., Özdemir Ç., Kılcı A., Özdemir H., Askeri N., Kurdak SS. (2017). Genç milli ve tohm takımı kadın yüzücülerin serbest teknik yüzme performanslarının sualtı analizi ile karşılaştırılması. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 28(2), 91-102.
  • Aprilo I., Asmawi M., Tangkudung J. (2022). Kinovea based tennis spin serve analysis. Journal of Physical Education Sport Health and Recreation. 11(2), 79-85.
  • Nor Adnan NM., Ab Patar MNA., Lee H., Yamamoto SI., Jong Young L., Mahmud, J. (2018). Biomechanical analysis using Kinovea for sports application. IOP Conference Series Materials Science And Engineering. 342, 012097.
  • Pueo B., Penichet Tomas A., Jimenez Olmedo JM. (2020). Validity, reliability and usefulness of smartphone and kinovea motion analysis software for direct measurement of vertical jump height. Physiology and Behavior. 227, 113144.
  • Sima ED., Potop V. (2018). Learning the swimming start by students in higher education of other profiles. Romanian Journal for Multidimensional Education. 10(1), 107-120.
  • Rizkanto BE., Rusdiawan A. (2021). Kinematics analysis of freestyle swimming athletes at the 2019 Indonesia open aquatic championship. Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran. 7(2), 206-218.
  • Shimojo H., Gonjo T., Sakakibara J., Sengoku Y., Sanders R., Takagi, H. (2019). A quasi three-dimensional visualization of unsteady wake flow in human undulatory swimming. Journal of Biomechanics. 93, 60-69.
  • Geladas ND., Nassis GP., Pavlicevic S. (2005). Somatic and physical traits affecting sprint swimming performance in young swimmers. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 26(02), 139-144.
  • Bozdoğan, A. (2005). Yüzme. Morpa Kültür yayınları. 46-47
  • Nevill AM., Negra Y., Myers TD., Sammoud S., Chaabene H. (2020). Key somatic variables associated with, and differences between the 4 swimming strokes. Journal of Sports Sciences. 38(7), 787-794.
  • Willems TM., Cornelis JA., De Deurwaerder LE., Roelandt F., De Mits S. (2014). The effect of ankle muscle strength and flexibility on dolphin kick performance in competitive swimmers. Human Movement Science. 36, 167-176.
  • West R., Lorimer A., Pearson S., Keogh JW. (2022). The relationship between undulatory underwater kick performance determinants and underwater velocity in competitive swimmers. Sports Medicine 8(1), 1-23.
  • Özüak A. (2023). Teknikleri ile hızlı yüzme. 1. Baskı. İstanbul Tıp Kitapevi. İstanbul, 112.

ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF DOLPHIN KICK KINEMATIC PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS IN SWIMMERS

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3, 361 - 374, 01.01.2024

Zeynep Bozdoğan Kurt Nejla Gerçek Ali Özüak Çiğil Güler Ekrem Albayrak Nusret Ramazanoğlu

Öz

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of body composition, lower extremity lengths, and ankle joint range of motion on underwater dolphin kick performance. Nineteen male licensed swimmers voluntarily participated in the study. The dolphin kick kinematics were measured in a 25m short course pool using action camera. The kinematics of the start phase dolphin kick and turn phase dolphin kick were evaluated. The relationship between ankle range of motion and lower extremity lengths with dolphin kick performance was analyzed using Pearson Correlation test. In freestyle and backstroke swimming techniques, the start phase dolphin speed in freestyle and both start and turn phase dolphin speeds in backstroke were found to be correlated with the swimmer's body weight and body mass index (p<0.05). Moreover, in both swimming techniques, the 50m swimming speed was found to be correlated with the swimmer's height, body weight, and body mass index (p<0.05). The ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion angles showed no significant relationship with freestyle swimming, except for the association between right plantarflexion angle and turn phase dolphin speed (p>0.05). The kinematics of underwater dolphin kick during freestyle and backstroke swimming seem to be influenced by body weight and body mass index rather than extremity lengths. This suggests that for dolphin kick performance, muscle mass may be more influential than length. The lack of impact of ankle joint range of motion on this phase suggests that knee, hip, and trunk movements may be more effective during the dolphin kick. Particularly in short-distance swimming races where dolphin kick performance significantly affects swimming speed, parameters influencing this performance have not been fully elucidated, indicating the need for more detailed evaluations.

Kaynakça

  • Morouço P., Keskinen KL., Vilas-Boas JP., Fernandes RJ. (2011). Relationship between tethered forces and the four swimming techniques performance. Journal of Applied Biomechanics. 27(2), 161-169.
  • Atlı A., Kulunkoglu B. (2021). Yüzme sporunda çıkış aşaması. Biyomekaniksel yaklaşım. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 4(1), 51-60.
  • Toussaint H., Truijens M. (2005). Biomechanical aspects of peak performance in human. Animal Biology. 55(1), 17-40.
  • Barbosa TM., Bragada JA., Reis VM., Marinho DA., Carvalho C., Silva AJ. (2010). Energetics and biomechanics as determining factors of swimming performance: updating the state of the art. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 13(2), 262-269.
  • Schaffert N., Engel A., Schlüter S., Mattes, K. (2019). The sound of the underwater dolphin-kick: developing real-time audio feedback in swimming. Displays. 59, 53-62.
  • Fina swimming rules. https://resources.fina.org/fina/document/2023/01/04/65961a45-bde5-4217-b666-ca1f5dc2d1f0/1_Swimming-Technical-Rules.04.01.2023.pdf. [Erişim tarihi: 05.07.2023].
  • Stosic J., Veiga S., Trinidad A., Navarro E. (2020). How should the transition from underwater to surface swimming be performed by competitive swimmers?. Applied Sciences. 11(1), 122.
  • Atkison RR., Dickey JP., Dragunas A., Nolte V. (2014). Importance of sagittal kick symmetry for underwater dolphin kick performance. Human Movement Science. 33, 298-311.
  • Silveira RP., De Souza Castro FA., Figueiredo P., Vilas-Boas JP., Zamparo P. (2017). The effects of leg kick on swimming speed and arm-stroke efficiency in the front crawl. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 12(6), 728-735.
  • Wądrzyk Ł., Nosiadek L., Staszkiewicz R. (2017). Underwater dolphin kicks of young swimmers–evaluation of effectiveness based on kinematic analysis. Human Movement. 18(4), 23-29.
  • Benjanuvatra N., Edmunds K., Blanksby, B. (2007). Jumping abilities and swimming grab-start performances in elite and recreational swimmers. International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education. 1(3), 6.
  • Bishop DC., Smith RJ., Smith MF., Rigby HE. (2009). Effect of plyometric training on swimming block start performance in adolescents. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 23(7), 2137-2143.
  • De la Fuentes B., Garcia F., Arellano R. (2003). Are the forces applied in the vertical countermovement jump related to the forces applied during swimming start?. Proceeding of the IX İnternational Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming. 99-103, University of Saint Etienne. France
  • Slawson SE., Chakravorti N., Conway PP., Cossor J., West AA. (2012). The effect of knee angle on force production, in swimming starts, using the OSB11 block. Procedia Engineering. 34, 801-806.
  • Tor E., Pease DL., Ball KA. (2015). Key parameters of the swimming start and their relationship to start performance. Journal of Sports Science. 13, 13-21.
  • Vantorre J., Seifert L., Fernandes RJ., Boas JP., Chollet D. (2010). Kinematical profiling of the front crawl start. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 31(1),16-21.
  • Hlavatý R. (2010). The anthropometric and kinematic determinants of swimming performance. Joint International IGIP-SEFI Annual Conference. 19-22 September, Slovakia.
  • Tabaki M., Rozi G., Thanopoulos V. (2016). Differences in morphological characteristics between swimmers and fin swimmers. Journal Academica, 6(4), 242-252.
  • Bond D., Goodson L., Oxford SW., Nevill AM., Duncan MJ. (2014). The association between anthropometric variables, functional movement screen scores and 100 m freestyle swimming performance in youth swimmers. Sports. 3(1), 1-11.
  • De Mello Vitor F., Böhme, MTS. (2010). Performance of young male swimmers in the 100-meters front crawl. Pediatric Exercise Science. 22(2), 278-287.
  • Pehlivan S., Karadenizli Zİ. (2019). 9-13 yaş grubu yüzücülerde 50 m serbest teknik yüzme performansı ile antropometrik ve motorik özellikler arasındaki ilişki. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Araştırmaları Dergisi. 11(2), 118-129.
  • Banerjee M., Bag S. (2019). Relationship of selected anthropometric variables with short distance swimming performance. International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education. 4(2), 413-417.
  • Sammoud S., Negra Y., Chaabene H., Bouguezzi R., Moran J., Granacher U. (2019). The effects of plyometric jump training on jumping and swimming performances in prepubertal male swimmers. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 18(4), 805.
  • Dos Santos MA., Henrique RS., Salvina M., Silva AHO., Junior MADV., Queiroz DR., Nevill AM. (2021). The influence of anthropometric variables, body composition, propulsive force and maturation on 50m freestyle swimming performance in junior swimmers. Journal of Sports Sciences. 39(14), 1615-1620.
  • Siders WA., Lukaski HC.,Bolonchuk WW. (1993). Relationships among swimming performance, body composition and somatotype in competitive collegiate swimmers. The Journal of Sport Medicine and Physical Fitness. 33(2), 166-171.
  • Thng S., Pearson S., Rathbone E., Keogh JW. (2022). Longitudinal tracking of body composition, lower limb force-time characteristics and swimming start performance in high performance swimmers. İnternational Journal of Sports Science and Coaching. 17(1), 83-94.
  • Sundén J. (2020). Associations between dolphin kick performance and lower extremity muscle strength, abdominal muscle strength and foot length in active competitive swimmers. Bachelor thesis, Halmstad University. Sweden.
  • Maglischo EW. (2003). Swimming fastest. Human Kinetics. 54-58.
  • Saavedra JM., Escalante Y., Rodríguez FA. (2010). A multivariate analysis of performance in young swimmers. Pediatric Exercise Science. 22(1), 135-151.
  • McCullough AS., Kraemer WJ., Volek JS., Solomon Hill GF., Hatfield DL., Vingren JL., Maresh CM. (2009). Factors affecting flutter kicking speed in women who are competitive and recreational swimmers. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 23(7), 2130-2136.
  • Škarabot, J., Beardsley, C., & Štirn, I. (2015). Comparing the effects of self‐myofascial release with static stretching on ankle range‐of‐motion in adolescent athletes. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 10(2), 203.
  • Yüksek S., Hatipoğlu Ö., Ayan V., Ölmez C. (2017). 9-12 yaş yüzücülerde 50 metre sürat koşusu ile 25 metre serbest stil yüzme performansları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences. 9(2), 57-64.
  • Bıldırcın CÇ., Eryılmaz SK., Özdemir Ç., Kılcı A., Özdemir H., Askeri N., Kurdak SS. (2017). Genç milli ve tohm takımı kadın yüzücülerin serbest teknik yüzme performanslarının sualtı analizi ile karşılaştırılması. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 28(2), 91-102.
  • Aprilo I., Asmawi M., Tangkudung J. (2022). Kinovea based tennis spin serve analysis. Journal of Physical Education Sport Health and Recreation. 11(2), 79-85.
  • Nor Adnan NM., Ab Patar MNA., Lee H., Yamamoto SI., Jong Young L., Mahmud, J. (2018). Biomechanical analysis using Kinovea for sports application. IOP Conference Series Materials Science And Engineering. 342, 012097.
  • Pueo B., Penichet Tomas A., Jimenez Olmedo JM. (2020). Validity, reliability and usefulness of smartphone and kinovea motion analysis software for direct measurement of vertical jump height. Physiology and Behavior. 227, 113144.
  • Sima ED., Potop V. (2018). Learning the swimming start by students in higher education of other profiles. Romanian Journal for Multidimensional Education. 10(1), 107-120.
  • Rizkanto BE., Rusdiawan A. (2021). Kinematics analysis of freestyle swimming athletes at the 2019 Indonesia open aquatic championship. Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran. 7(2), 206-218.
  • Shimojo H., Gonjo T., Sakakibara J., Sengoku Y., Sanders R., Takagi, H. (2019). A quasi three-dimensional visualization of unsteady wake flow in human undulatory swimming. Journal of Biomechanics. 93, 60-69.
  • Geladas ND., Nassis GP., Pavlicevic S. (2005). Somatic and physical traits affecting sprint swimming performance in young swimmers. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 26(02), 139-144.
  • Bozdoğan, A. (2005). Yüzme. Morpa Kültür yayınları. 46-47
  • Nevill AM., Negra Y., Myers TD., Sammoud S., Chaabene H. (2020). Key somatic variables associated with, and differences between the 4 swimming strokes. Journal of Sports Sciences. 38(7), 787-794.
  • Willems TM., Cornelis JA., De Deurwaerder LE., Roelandt F., De Mits S. (2014). The effect of ankle muscle strength and flexibility on dolphin kick performance in competitive swimmers. Human Movement Science. 36, 167-176.
  • West R., Lorimer A., Pearson S., Keogh JW. (2022). The relationship between undulatory underwater kick performance determinants and underwater velocity in competitive swimmers. Sports Medicine 8(1), 1-23.
  • Özüak A. (2023). Teknikleri ile hızlı yüzme. 1. Baskı. İstanbul Tıp Kitapevi. İstanbul, 112.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Zeynep Bozdoğan Kurt 0000-0001-8710-2525

Nejla Gerçek 0000-0003-1024-4394

Ali Özüak 0000-0003-1453-4946

Çiğil Güler 0000-0001-8312-4102

Ekrem Albayrak 0000-0003-4014-2807

Nusret Ramazanoğlu 0000-0002-8056-8194

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Kasım 2023
Kabul Tarihi 18 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Bozdoğan Kurt, Z., Gerçek, N., Özüak, A., Güler, Ç., vd. (2024). YÜZÜCÜLERDE DOLFİN AYAK VURUŞUNUN KİNEMATİK PERFORMANS DEĞERLERİNE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ. Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(3), 361-374.
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