Immature granulocyte in prediction of the short-term and long-term mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction

Sedat Gülten; Neslihan Cihan Çalışgan; Serdar Akyel; Fatma Mutlu Kukul Güven

doi:10.18621/eurj.1245511

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Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 338 - 347, 04.03.2023

Sedat Gülten Neslihan Cihan Çalışgan Serdar Akyel Fatma Mutlu Kukul Güven

https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.1245511

Öz

Kaynakça

1. Omer MA, Tyler JM, Henry TD, Garberich R, Sharkey SW, Schmidt CW, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of STEMI patients with cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2020;13:1211-9.
2. White PD, Mallory GK, Salcedo-Salgar J. The speed of healing of myocardial infarcts. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc 1936;52:97-104.1.
3. Bursi F, Weston SA, Killian JM, Gabriel SE, Jacobsen SJ, Roger VL. C-reactive protein and heart failure after myocardial infarction in the community. Am J Med 2007;120:616-22.
4. Fuster V. Lewis A. Conner Memorial Lecture. Mechanisms leading to myocardial infarction: insights from studies of vascular biology. Circulation 1994;90:2126-46.
5. Ross R. Atherosclerosis--an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999;340:115-26.
6. Moriya J. Critical roles of inflammation in atherosclerosis. J Cardiol 2019;73:22-7.
7. Sari I, Sunbul M, Mammadov C, Durmus E, Bozbay M, Kivrak T, et al. Relation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio with coronary artery disease severity in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Kardiol Pol 2015;73:1310-6.
8. Silvestre-Roig C, Braster Q, Ortega-Gomez A, Soehnlein O. Neutrophils as regulators of cardiovascular inflammation. Nat Rev Cardiol 2020;17:327-40.
9. Çiçek G, Açıkgöz SK, Yayla Ç, Kundi H, İleri M. White blood cell count to mean platelet volume ratio: a novel and promising prognostic marker for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Cardiol J 2016;23:225-35.
10. Bedel C, Korkut M, Aksoy F, Kuş G. Usefulness of immature granulocytes to predict high coronary SYNTAX score in acute coronary syndrome: a cross-sectional study. Arch Acad Emerg Med 2020;8:e73.
11. Bedel C, Korkut M, Avcı A, Uzun A. Immature granulocyte count and percentage as new predictors of mortality in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24:794-8.
12. Korkut M, Bedel C, Selvi F. Are immature granulocytes and derivatives early predictors of acute appendicitis and acute complicated appendicitis in adults? Formosan J Surg 2020;53:123-7.
13. Lee W, Lee J, Woo SI, Choi SH, Bae JW, Jung S, et al. Machine learning enhances the performance of short and long-term mortality prediction model in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Sci Rep 2021;11:1-14.
14. Altun B, Turkon H, Tasolar H, Beggi H, Altun M, Temiz A, et al. The relationship between high-sensitive troponin T, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and SYNTAX Score. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2014;74:108-15.
15. Hansson GK. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1685-95.
16. Reichlin T, Socrates T, Egli P, Potocki M, Breidthardt T, Arenja N, et al. Use of myeloperoxidase for risk stratification in acute heart failure. Clin Chem 2010;56:944-51.
17. Tousoulis D, Antoniades C, Koumallos N, Stefanadis C. Pro-inflammatory cytokines in acute coronary syndromes: from bench to bedside. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2006;17:225-33.
18. Mehta J, Dinerman J, Mehta P, Saldeen TG, Lawson D, Donnelly WH, et al. Neutrophil function in ischemic heart disease. Circulation 1989;79:549-56.
19. Gul I, Cerit L, Senturk B, Alkan MB, Kemal H, Cerit Z, et al. The importance of intra-aortic pulse pressure after anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2018;33:579-87.
20. Mozos I, Malainer C, Horbańczuk J, Gug C, Stoian D, Luca CT, et al. Inflammatory markers for arterial stiffness in cardiovascular diseases. Front Immunol 2017;8:1058.
21. Monteiro Júnior JGDM, Torres DDOC, da Silva MCFC, Martins CMDH, da Silva IK, do Nascimento, et al. Prognostic value of hematological parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction: intrahospital outcomes. PloS One 2018;13:e0194897.
22. Korkut M, Bedel C, Sivil R, Arslan MA, Selvi F, Kuş G, et al. Usefulness of immature granulocytes as a prognostic factor in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2022;37:893-9.
23. Azab B, Zaher M, Weiserbs KF, Torbey E, Lacossiere K, Gaddam S, et al. Usefulness of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in predicting short- and long-term mortality after non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2010;106:470-6.
24. Kurtul S, Sarli B, Baktir AO, Demirbas M, Saglam H, Doğan Y, et al. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicts SYNTAX score in patients with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Int Heart J 2015;56:18-21.
25. Gazi E, Bayram B, Gazi S, Temiz A, Kirilmaz B, Altun B, et al. Prognostic value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in patients with ST-elevated acute myocardial infarction. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2015;21:155-9.
26. Bajari R, Tak S. Predictive prognostic value of neutrophil-lymphocytes ratio in acute coronary syndrome. Indian Heart J 2017;69 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S46-S50.
27. Bhat T, Teli S, Rijal J, Bhat H, Raza M, Khoueiry G, et al. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and cardiovascular diseases: a review. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2013;11:55-9.
28. Sawant AC, Adhikari P, Narra SR, Srivatsa SS, Mills PK, Srivatsa SS. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicts short- and long-term mortality following revascularization therapy for ST elevation myocardial infarction. Cardiol J 2014;21:500-8.
29. Libby P, Simon DI. Inflammation and thrombosis: the clot thickens. Circulation 2001;103:1718-20.
30. Avci BŞ, Avci A, Dönmez Y, Kaya A, Gülen M, Özer Aİ, et al. The effectiveness of neutrophil-lymphocyte artio in predicting in-hospital mortality in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Emerg Med Int 2020;2020:8718304.
31. Dehghani MR, Rezaei Y, Taghipour-Sani L. White blood cell count to mean platelet volume ratio as a novel non-invasive marker predicting long-term outcomes in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome. Cardiol J 2015;22:437-45.
32. Goldberg RJ, McCormick D, Gurwitz JH, Yarzebski J, Lessard D, Gore JM. Age-related trends in short- and long-term survival after acute myocardial infarction: a 20-year population-based perspective (1975-1995). Am J Cardiol 1998;82:1311-7.
33. Haller PM, Jäger B, Farhan S, Christ G, Schreiber W, Weidinger F, et al. Impact of age on short- and long-term mortality of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the VIENNA STEMI network. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2018;130:172-81.
34. Vrsalovic M, Pintaric H, Babic Z, Pavlov M, Presecki AV, Getaldic B, et al. Impact of admission anemia, C-reactive protein and mean platelet volume on short term mortality in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary angioplasty. Clin Biochem 2012;45:1506-19.
35. Padayachee L, Rodseth RN, Biccard BM. A meta-analysis of the utility of C-reactive protein in predicting early, intermediate-term and long term mortality and major adverse cardiac events in vascular surgical patients. Anaesthesia 2009;64:416-24.
36. Al Falluji N, Lawrence-Nelson J, Kostis JB, Lacy CR, Ranjan R, Wilson AC. Effect of anemia on 1-year mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 2002;144:636-41.
37. Bhansaly P, Mehta S, Sharma N, Gupta E, Mehta S, Gupta S. Evaluation of immature granulocyte count as the earliest biomarker for sepsis. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26:216-23.
38. Bedel C, Korkut M, Selvi F, Zortuk Ö. The immature granulocyte count is a new predictor of the 30-day mortality in intracerebral haemorrhage patients: preliminary study. Indian J Neurosurg 2021;10:114-20.
39. Sinaga RH, Utariani A, Wardhani P. Immature granulocyte and mean platelet volume as a predictor of 30-day postoperative mortality in patients with sepsis caused by peritonitis. Bali J Anesth 2020;4:166-71.

Immature granulocyte in prediction of the short-term and long-term mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 338 - 347, 04.03.2023

Sedat Gülten Neslihan Cihan Çalışgan Serdar Akyel Fatma Mutlu Kukul Güven

https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.1245511

Öz

Objectives: Despite great advances in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), it is still the most common cause of death in the world. Therefore, predicting mortality in advance is clinically very important. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of immature granulocyte (IG) and other hematological markers in predicting short- and long-term mortality in patients with AMI.

Methods: Laboratory information system (LIS) data of a tertiary hospital were used in this study. Of the 298 patients who were admitted to the coronary intensive care unit with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, 258 recovered after treatment and were discharged. 40 of them died. It was determined that 36 of these 258 patients, who were followed up retrospectively, died within 15 months after discharge.

Results: The mean age of 298 people who participated in this retrospective study was 73.26 ± 8.6 years, and 53.3% were male. Moderate and high predictive property in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for short-term mortality, white blood cell (WBC) area under curve (AUC) = 0.802), neutrophil count (AUC = 0.817), IG count (AUC = 0.841), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (AUC = 0.701), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (AUC = 0.758) tests detected. For long-term mortality, a moderate predictive feature was observed in the age (AUC = 0.712) parameter.

Conclusions: IG is a marker that does not require extra cost, provides rapid results and has high predictive value in predicting death in the short term in patients with acute myocardial infarction. It is ineffective in predicting long-term mortality.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Immature granulocyte count, acute myocardial infarction, mortality, inflammation, hematological markers

Kaynakça

1. Omer MA, Tyler JM, Henry TD, Garberich R, Sharkey SW, Schmidt CW, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of STEMI patients with cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2020;13:1211-9.
2. White PD, Mallory GK, Salcedo-Salgar J. The speed of healing of myocardial infarcts. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc 1936;52:97-104.1.
3. Bursi F, Weston SA, Killian JM, Gabriel SE, Jacobsen SJ, Roger VL. C-reactive protein and heart failure after myocardial infarction in the community. Am J Med 2007;120:616-22.
4. Fuster V. Lewis A. Conner Memorial Lecture. Mechanisms leading to myocardial infarction: insights from studies of vascular biology. Circulation 1994;90:2126-46.
5. Ross R. Atherosclerosis--an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999;340:115-26.
6. Moriya J. Critical roles of inflammation in atherosclerosis. J Cardiol 2019;73:22-7.
7. Sari I, Sunbul M, Mammadov C, Durmus E, Bozbay M, Kivrak T, et al. Relation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio with coronary artery disease severity in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Kardiol Pol 2015;73:1310-6.
8. Silvestre-Roig C, Braster Q, Ortega-Gomez A, Soehnlein O. Neutrophils as regulators of cardiovascular inflammation. Nat Rev Cardiol 2020;17:327-40.
9. Çiçek G, Açıkgöz SK, Yayla Ç, Kundi H, İleri M. White blood cell count to mean platelet volume ratio: a novel and promising prognostic marker for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Cardiol J 2016;23:225-35.
10. Bedel C, Korkut M, Aksoy F, Kuş G. Usefulness of immature granulocytes to predict high coronary SYNTAX score in acute coronary syndrome: a cross-sectional study. Arch Acad Emerg Med 2020;8:e73.
11. Bedel C, Korkut M, Avcı A, Uzun A. Immature granulocyte count and percentage as new predictors of mortality in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24:794-8.
12. Korkut M, Bedel C, Selvi F. Are immature granulocytes and derivatives early predictors of acute appendicitis and acute complicated appendicitis in adults? Formosan J Surg 2020;53:123-7.
13. Lee W, Lee J, Woo SI, Choi SH, Bae JW, Jung S, et al. Machine learning enhances the performance of short and long-term mortality prediction model in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Sci Rep 2021;11:1-14.
14. Altun B, Turkon H, Tasolar H, Beggi H, Altun M, Temiz A, et al. The relationship between high-sensitive troponin T, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and SYNTAX Score. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2014;74:108-15.
15. Hansson GK. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1685-95.
16. Reichlin T, Socrates T, Egli P, Potocki M, Breidthardt T, Arenja N, et al. Use of myeloperoxidase for risk stratification in acute heart failure. Clin Chem 2010;56:944-51.
17. Tousoulis D, Antoniades C, Koumallos N, Stefanadis C. Pro-inflammatory cytokines in acute coronary syndromes: from bench to bedside. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2006;17:225-33.
18. Mehta J, Dinerman J, Mehta P, Saldeen TG, Lawson D, Donnelly WH, et al. Neutrophil function in ischemic heart disease. Circulation 1989;79:549-56.
19. Gul I, Cerit L, Senturk B, Alkan MB, Kemal H, Cerit Z, et al. The importance of intra-aortic pulse pressure after anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2018;33:579-87.
20. Mozos I, Malainer C, Horbańczuk J, Gug C, Stoian D, Luca CT, et al. Inflammatory markers for arterial stiffness in cardiovascular diseases. Front Immunol 2017;8:1058.
21. Monteiro Júnior JGDM, Torres DDOC, da Silva MCFC, Martins CMDH, da Silva IK, do Nascimento, et al. Prognostic value of hematological parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction: intrahospital outcomes. PloS One 2018;13:e0194897.
22. Korkut M, Bedel C, Sivil R, Arslan MA, Selvi F, Kuş G, et al. Usefulness of immature granulocytes as a prognostic factor in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2022;37:893-9.
23. Azab B, Zaher M, Weiserbs KF, Torbey E, Lacossiere K, Gaddam S, et al. Usefulness of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in predicting short- and long-term mortality after non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2010;106:470-6.
24. Kurtul S, Sarli B, Baktir AO, Demirbas M, Saglam H, Doğan Y, et al. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicts SYNTAX score in patients with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Int Heart J 2015;56:18-21.
25. Gazi E, Bayram B, Gazi S, Temiz A, Kirilmaz B, Altun B, et al. Prognostic value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in patients with ST-elevated acute myocardial infarction. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2015;21:155-9.
26. Bajari R, Tak S. Predictive prognostic value of neutrophil-lymphocytes ratio in acute coronary syndrome. Indian Heart J 2017;69 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S46-S50.
27. Bhat T, Teli S, Rijal J, Bhat H, Raza M, Khoueiry G, et al. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and cardiovascular diseases: a review. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2013;11:55-9.
28. Sawant AC, Adhikari P, Narra SR, Srivatsa SS, Mills PK, Srivatsa SS. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicts short- and long-term mortality following revascularization therapy for ST elevation myocardial infarction. Cardiol J 2014;21:500-8.
29. Libby P, Simon DI. Inflammation and thrombosis: the clot thickens. Circulation 2001;103:1718-20.
30. Avci BŞ, Avci A, Dönmez Y, Kaya A, Gülen M, Özer Aİ, et al. The effectiveness of neutrophil-lymphocyte artio in predicting in-hospital mortality in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Emerg Med Int 2020;2020:8718304.
31. Dehghani MR, Rezaei Y, Taghipour-Sani L. White blood cell count to mean platelet volume ratio as a novel non-invasive marker predicting long-term outcomes in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome. Cardiol J 2015;22:437-45.
32. Goldberg RJ, McCormick D, Gurwitz JH, Yarzebski J, Lessard D, Gore JM. Age-related trends in short- and long-term survival after acute myocardial infarction: a 20-year population-based perspective (1975-1995). Am J Cardiol 1998;82:1311-7.
33. Haller PM, Jäger B, Farhan S, Christ G, Schreiber W, Weidinger F, et al. Impact of age on short- and long-term mortality of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the VIENNA STEMI network. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2018;130:172-81.
34. Vrsalovic M, Pintaric H, Babic Z, Pavlov M, Presecki AV, Getaldic B, et al. Impact of admission anemia, C-reactive protein and mean platelet volume on short term mortality in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary angioplasty. Clin Biochem 2012;45:1506-19.
35. Padayachee L, Rodseth RN, Biccard BM. A meta-analysis of the utility of C-reactive protein in predicting early, intermediate-term and long term mortality and major adverse cardiac events in vascular surgical patients. Anaesthesia 2009;64:416-24.
36. Al Falluji N, Lawrence-Nelson J, Kostis JB, Lacy CR, Ranjan R, Wilson AC. Effect of anemia on 1-year mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 2002;144:636-41.
37. Bhansaly P, Mehta S, Sharma N, Gupta E, Mehta S, Gupta S. Evaluation of immature granulocyte count as the earliest biomarker for sepsis. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26:216-23.
38. Bedel C, Korkut M, Selvi F, Zortuk Ö. The immature granulocyte count is a new predictor of the 30-day mortality in intracerebral haemorrhage patients: preliminary study. Indian J Neurosurg 2021;10:114-20.
39. Sinaga RH, Utariani A, Wardhani P. Immature granulocyte and mean platelet volume as a predictor of 30-day postoperative mortality in patients with sepsis caused by peritonitis. Bali J Anesth 2020;4:166-71.

Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Biyokimya ve Hücre Biyolojisi (Diğer)
Bölüm	Original Article
Yazarlar	Sedat Gülten 0000-0001-5134-1620 Neslihan Cihan Çalışgan 0000-0001-8317-6367 Serdar Akyel 0000-0002-0717-8640 Fatma Mutlu Kukul Güven 0000-0003-3755-6021
Yayımlanma Tarihi	4 Mart 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi	31 Ocak 2023
Kabul Tarihi	8 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2023 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

AMA	Gülten S, Cihan Çalışgan N, Akyel S, Kukul Güven FM. Immature granulocyte in prediction of the short-term and long-term mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Eur Res J. Mart 2023;9(2):338-347. doi:10.18621/eurj.1245511

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