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STUDY OF LIPASE ENZYM ACTIVITY WITH Candida utilis YEAST IN DIFFERENT MEDIA CONDITION

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 3, 475 - 485, 30.09.2015
https://doi.org/10.17341/gummfd.35846

Öz

Lipases (triacylglycerol hydrolases, EC 3.1.1.3) are hydrolytic enzymes that can catalyze the hydrolysis of the ester bond of long chain acylglycerols at the oil-water interface. In this study; the effects of initial pH, initial sucrose concentration, activators and inhibitors on Candida utilis yeast, lipase enzym are searched. It is qualified that the optimum pH value for growth rate of Candida utilis yeast and production of lipase enzym is 4. Molasses which is a remnant of sugar industry is used as a main carbon source in nutrient media that is prepared for experimental studies in which lipase enzym activity is worked out. In the media in which molasses is used as a main carbon source, it is observed that lipase enzym activity increases with the increase of initial sucrose concentration. Soybean oil, corn oil, olive oil, sunflower oil and canola oil are added to the nutrient media and when the additive effect of enzym activity is observed it is found out that the highest activity increase is 788,5 U/L with the addition of 1,25% soybean oil. The result is that; Cu(II) and Ni(II) metal ions in the fermantation media lower the lipase activity severly and besides, lowering effect of Ni(II) is much more than that of Cu(II).

Kaynakça

  • Sharma, R., Chisti, Y. ve Banerjee, U.C., “Production, purification, characterization, and applications of lipases”, Biotechnology Advances, Cilt 19, 627–662, 2001.
  • Babu, I.S. ve Rao, G.H., “Optimization of process parameters for the production of lipase in submerged fermentation by Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589”, Research Journal of Microbiology, Cilt 2, No 1, 88-93, 2007.
  • Jaeger, K.E. ve Reetz, M,T., “Microbial lipases form versatile tools for biotechnology”, Trends in biotechnology, Cilt 16, No 9, 396-403, 1998.
  • Couto, S.R. ve Sanroman, M.A., “Application of solid-state fermentation to food industry - A review”, Journal of Food Engineering, Cilt 76, No 3, 291- 302, 2006.
  • Dharmsthiti, S. ve Kuhasuntisuk, B., “Lipase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa LP602: biochemical properties and application for wastewater treatment”, Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Cilt 21, No 1-2, 75-80, 1998.
  • Asses, N., Ayed, L. ve Bouallagui, H., Ben Rejeb I, Gargouri M. ve Hamdi M. “Use of Geotrichum candidum for olive mill wastewater treatment in submerged and static culture”, Bioresource Technol, Cilt 100,No 7, 2182-2188, 2009.
  • Gotor-Fernandez, V., Brieva, R. ve Gotor, V., “Lipases: Useful biocatalysts for the preparation of pharmaceuticals”, Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, Cilt 40, No 3-4, 111-120, 2006.
  • Hasan, F., Shah, A.A. ve Hameed, A., “Industrial applications of microbial lipases”, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, Cilt 39, No 2, 235-251, 2006.
  • Burkert, J.F.M., Maugeri, F. ve Rodrigues, M.I., “Optimization of extracellular lipase production by Geotrichum sp. using factorial design”, Bioresource Technology, Cilt 91, No 1, 77-84, 2004.
  • Davranov, K. “Microbial lipases in biotechnology (Review)”, Appl. Biochem. Microbiol., Cilt 30, No 4-5, 427-432, 1994.
  • Kumar, S., Kikon, K., Upadhyay, A., Kanwar, S.S. ve Gupta, R., “Production, purification, and characterization of lipase from thermophilic and alkaliphilic Bacillus coagulans BTS-3”, Protein Expression and Purification, Cilt 41, No 1, 38-44, 2005.
  • Pandey, A., Benjamin, S., Soccol, C. R., Nigam, P., Kriger, N. ve Soccol, V.T., “The realm of microbial lipases in biotechnology”, Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry,Cilt 29, No 2, 119-131, 1999.
  • Rathi, P., Saxena, R.K., Gupta, R., “A novel alkaline lipase from Burkholderia cepacia for detergent formulation”, Process Biochemistry, Cilt 37, No 2, 187-192, 2001.
  • Van Den Broek, P.J.A., Van Gompel, A.E.,Luttik, M.A.H., Pronk, J.T. ve Van Leeuwen, C.C.M., “Mechanism of glucose and maltose transport in plasma-membrane vesicles from the yeast Candida utilis”, Biochem. J., Cilt 321, No 2, 487-495, 1997.
  • De Deken, R.H., “The Crabtree Effect: A Regulatory System in Yeast ”, J . gen. Microbiol., Cilt 44, 149-156, 1966.
  • Bekatorou, A., Psarianos, C. ve Koutinas, A.A., “Production of Food Grade Yeasts”, Food Technol. Biotechnol., Cilt 44, No 3, 407–415, 2006.
  • Moftah O.A., Grbavčić, S., Zuža, M., Luković, N., Bezbradica, D. Ve Knežević-Jugović, Z., “Adding Value to the Oil Cake as a Waste from Oil Processing Industry: Production of Lipase and Protease by Candida utilis in Solid State Fermentation”, Appl Biochem Biotechnol, Cilt 166, No 2, 348–364, 2012.
  • Açıkel, Ü., Erşan, M., Sağ Açıkel, Y., “The effects of the composition of growth medium and fermentation conditions on the production of lipase by R. Delemar”, Turkish Journal of Biology, Cilt 35, 35-44, 2011.
  • Wonderwülbecke, T., Kieslich, K. ve Erdman, H., “Comparison of lipases by different assays”, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, Cilt 14, No 8, 631-639, 1992.
  • Forouchi, E., ve Gunn, D. J., “Some effects on metal ions on the estimation of reducing sugars in biological media”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Cilt 25, No 7, 1905-1911, 1983.
  • Hung, T.C., Giridhar, R., Chiou, S.H. ve Wu, W.T., “Binary immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase on chitosan”, Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, Cilt 26, No 1-2, 69–78, 2003.
  • Schauer, F. ve Hanschke, R., “Taxonomy and ecology of the genus Candida”, Mycoses, Cilt 42, No 1, 12–21, 1999.
  • Han, K., Levenspeil, O., “Extended Monod kinetics for substrate, product and cell inhibition”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Cilt 32, No 4, 430–437, 1988.
  • Preetha, B. ve Viruthagiri, T., “Bioaccumulation of chromium(VI), copper(II) and nickel(II) ions by growing Rhizopus arrhizus”, Biochemical Engineering Journal, Cilt 34, No 2, 131–135, 2007.
  • Ertuğrul, S., Dönmez G. ve Takaç S., “Isolation of lipase producing Bacillus sp. from olive mill wastewater and improving its enzyme activity”, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Cilt 149, No 3, 720–724, 2007.
  • Şengel B. Ş., Takaç S. ve Dönmez, G., “Mikrobiyal kaynaklı lipaz üretimine karbon kaynağı olarak bitkisel yağların ve glukozun etkisi”, Yedinci Ulusal Kimya Mühendisliği Kongresi, Anadolu Üniversitesi, Eskişehir, 5-8 Eylül 2006.
  • Sağ Açıkel, Y., Erşan, M., Açıkel, Ü., “R.Delemar’ ın Üremesi Ve Lipaz Üretimi Üzerine Karıştırma Ve Havalandırma Hızlarının Etkisinin Glukoz Veya Melas Sakkarozu Ve Pfr İçeren Ortamlarda Araştırılması”, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, Cilt 28, No 4, 811-818,2013.
  • Keklikcioğlu N., Açıkel Ü., “Candida utilis’ in Lipaz Enzimi Aktivitesine Başlangıç Sakkaroz Derişiminin ve Aktivatör Yağların Etkisi”, 9. Ulusal Kimya Mühendisliği Kongresi, Ankara, 22-25 Haziran 2010.
  • Rodrigues, N., Malheiro, R., Casal, S., Asensio-S-Manzanera, M.C., Bento A. ve Pereira, J.A., “Influence of spike lavender (Lavandula latifolia Med.) essential oil in the quality, stability and composition of soybean oil during microwave heating”, Food Chemical Toxicology, Cilt 50, No 8, 2894–2901, 2012.
  • Sağ, Y. ve Kutsal, T. “Copper(II) and nickel(II) adsorption by Rhizopus arrhizus in batch stirred reactors in series” The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal , Cilt 58, No 3, 265–273,1995.
  • Dursun, A.Y., Uslu, G., Tepe, O., Cuci, Y. ve Ekiz, H.İ., “A comparative investigation on the bioaccumulation of heavy metal ions by growing Rhizopus arrhizus and Aspergillus niger”, Biochemical Engineering Journal, Cilt 15, No 2, 87–92, 2003
  • Muter, O., Patmalnieks, A. ve Rapoport, A. “Interrelations of the yeast Candida utilis and Cr(VI): metal reduction and its distribution in the cell and medium”, Process Biochemistry, Cilt 36, No 10, 963–970, 2001.
  • Keklikcioğlu N., Açıkel Ü., “Lipaz Enzimi Aktivitesine Başlangıç Sakkaroz Derişiminin ve Ortamda Bulunan Bakır (II) ve Nikel (II) İyonlarının Etkisi” 25. Ulusal Kimya Kongresi, Erzurum, 27 Haziran- 25 Temmuz 2011.

Candida utilis MAYASIYLA LİPAZ ENZİMİ AKTİVİTESİNİN FARKLI ORTAM KOŞULLARINDA İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 3, 475 - 485, 30.09.2015
https://doi.org/10.17341/gummfd.35846

Öz

Lipazlar (triaçilgliserol hidrolazlar, EC 3.1.1.3), yağ-su ara yüzeyinde, uzun zincirli açilgliserollerin, ester bağlarının hidrolizini katalizleyen hidrolitik enzimlerdir. Bu çalışmada Candida utilis mayasının lipaz enzimi aktivitesi üzerine başlangıç pH, başlangıç sakkaroz derişimi, aktivatör ve inhibitörlerin etkileri araştırılmıştır. Candida utilis mayasının üremesi ve lipaz enzimi üretimi için optimum pH değerinin 4 olduğu tayin edilmiştir. Lipaz enzimi aktivitesinin incelendiği deneysel çalışmalar için hazırlanan besin ortamlarında karbon kaynağı olarak bir şeker endüstrisi atığı olan melas kullanılmıştır. Melas sakkarozunun ana karbon kaynağı olarak kullanıldığı ortamda başlangıç sakkaroz derişiminin artmasıyla lipaz enzimi aktivitesinin arttığı görülmüştür. Besin ortamına soya, mısır, zeytin, ayçiçek ve kanola yağları eklenmiş ve enzim aktivitesini artırıcı etkileri incelendiğinde en yüksek aktivite artışı, ortama %1,25 soya yağı eklendiğinde 788,5 U/L olarak bulunmuştur. Fermantasyon ortamında bulunan Cu (II) ve Ni (II) metal iyonlarının lipaz aktivitesini önemli ölçüde düşürdüğü ayrıca Ni (II)’ nin aktiviteyi azaltıcı etkisinin Cu (II)’ ye göre daha fazla olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Sharma, R., Chisti, Y. ve Banerjee, U.C., “Production, purification, characterization, and applications of lipases”, Biotechnology Advances, Cilt 19, 627–662, 2001.
  • Babu, I.S. ve Rao, G.H., “Optimization of process parameters for the production of lipase in submerged fermentation by Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589”, Research Journal of Microbiology, Cilt 2, No 1, 88-93, 2007.
  • Jaeger, K.E. ve Reetz, M,T., “Microbial lipases form versatile tools for biotechnology”, Trends in biotechnology, Cilt 16, No 9, 396-403, 1998.
  • Couto, S.R. ve Sanroman, M.A., “Application of solid-state fermentation to food industry - A review”, Journal of Food Engineering, Cilt 76, No 3, 291- 302, 2006.
  • Dharmsthiti, S. ve Kuhasuntisuk, B., “Lipase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa LP602: biochemical properties and application for wastewater treatment”, Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Cilt 21, No 1-2, 75-80, 1998.
  • Asses, N., Ayed, L. ve Bouallagui, H., Ben Rejeb I, Gargouri M. ve Hamdi M. “Use of Geotrichum candidum for olive mill wastewater treatment in submerged and static culture”, Bioresource Technol, Cilt 100,No 7, 2182-2188, 2009.
  • Gotor-Fernandez, V., Brieva, R. ve Gotor, V., “Lipases: Useful biocatalysts for the preparation of pharmaceuticals”, Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, Cilt 40, No 3-4, 111-120, 2006.
  • Hasan, F., Shah, A.A. ve Hameed, A., “Industrial applications of microbial lipases”, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, Cilt 39, No 2, 235-251, 2006.
  • Burkert, J.F.M., Maugeri, F. ve Rodrigues, M.I., “Optimization of extracellular lipase production by Geotrichum sp. using factorial design”, Bioresource Technology, Cilt 91, No 1, 77-84, 2004.
  • Davranov, K. “Microbial lipases in biotechnology (Review)”, Appl. Biochem. Microbiol., Cilt 30, No 4-5, 427-432, 1994.
  • Kumar, S., Kikon, K., Upadhyay, A., Kanwar, S.S. ve Gupta, R., “Production, purification, and characterization of lipase from thermophilic and alkaliphilic Bacillus coagulans BTS-3”, Protein Expression and Purification, Cilt 41, No 1, 38-44, 2005.
  • Pandey, A., Benjamin, S., Soccol, C. R., Nigam, P., Kriger, N. ve Soccol, V.T., “The realm of microbial lipases in biotechnology”, Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry,Cilt 29, No 2, 119-131, 1999.
  • Rathi, P., Saxena, R.K., Gupta, R., “A novel alkaline lipase from Burkholderia cepacia for detergent formulation”, Process Biochemistry, Cilt 37, No 2, 187-192, 2001.
  • Van Den Broek, P.J.A., Van Gompel, A.E.,Luttik, M.A.H., Pronk, J.T. ve Van Leeuwen, C.C.M., “Mechanism of glucose and maltose transport in plasma-membrane vesicles from the yeast Candida utilis”, Biochem. J., Cilt 321, No 2, 487-495, 1997.
  • De Deken, R.H., “The Crabtree Effect: A Regulatory System in Yeast ”, J . gen. Microbiol., Cilt 44, 149-156, 1966.
  • Bekatorou, A., Psarianos, C. ve Koutinas, A.A., “Production of Food Grade Yeasts”, Food Technol. Biotechnol., Cilt 44, No 3, 407–415, 2006.
  • Moftah O.A., Grbavčić, S., Zuža, M., Luković, N., Bezbradica, D. Ve Knežević-Jugović, Z., “Adding Value to the Oil Cake as a Waste from Oil Processing Industry: Production of Lipase and Protease by Candida utilis in Solid State Fermentation”, Appl Biochem Biotechnol, Cilt 166, No 2, 348–364, 2012.
  • Açıkel, Ü., Erşan, M., Sağ Açıkel, Y., “The effects of the composition of growth medium and fermentation conditions on the production of lipase by R. Delemar”, Turkish Journal of Biology, Cilt 35, 35-44, 2011.
  • Wonderwülbecke, T., Kieslich, K. ve Erdman, H., “Comparison of lipases by different assays”, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, Cilt 14, No 8, 631-639, 1992.
  • Forouchi, E., ve Gunn, D. J., “Some effects on metal ions on the estimation of reducing sugars in biological media”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Cilt 25, No 7, 1905-1911, 1983.
  • Hung, T.C., Giridhar, R., Chiou, S.H. ve Wu, W.T., “Binary immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase on chitosan”, Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, Cilt 26, No 1-2, 69–78, 2003.
  • Schauer, F. ve Hanschke, R., “Taxonomy and ecology of the genus Candida”, Mycoses, Cilt 42, No 1, 12–21, 1999.
  • Han, K., Levenspeil, O., “Extended Monod kinetics for substrate, product and cell inhibition”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Cilt 32, No 4, 430–437, 1988.
  • Preetha, B. ve Viruthagiri, T., “Bioaccumulation of chromium(VI), copper(II) and nickel(II) ions by growing Rhizopus arrhizus”, Biochemical Engineering Journal, Cilt 34, No 2, 131–135, 2007.
  • Ertuğrul, S., Dönmez G. ve Takaç S., “Isolation of lipase producing Bacillus sp. from olive mill wastewater and improving its enzyme activity”, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Cilt 149, No 3, 720–724, 2007.
  • Şengel B. Ş., Takaç S. ve Dönmez, G., “Mikrobiyal kaynaklı lipaz üretimine karbon kaynağı olarak bitkisel yağların ve glukozun etkisi”, Yedinci Ulusal Kimya Mühendisliği Kongresi, Anadolu Üniversitesi, Eskişehir, 5-8 Eylül 2006.
  • Sağ Açıkel, Y., Erşan, M., Açıkel, Ü., “R.Delemar’ ın Üremesi Ve Lipaz Üretimi Üzerine Karıştırma Ve Havalandırma Hızlarının Etkisinin Glukoz Veya Melas Sakkarozu Ve Pfr İçeren Ortamlarda Araştırılması”, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, Cilt 28, No 4, 811-818,2013.
  • Keklikcioğlu N., Açıkel Ü., “Candida utilis’ in Lipaz Enzimi Aktivitesine Başlangıç Sakkaroz Derişiminin ve Aktivatör Yağların Etkisi”, 9. Ulusal Kimya Mühendisliği Kongresi, Ankara, 22-25 Haziran 2010.
  • Rodrigues, N., Malheiro, R., Casal, S., Asensio-S-Manzanera, M.C., Bento A. ve Pereira, J.A., “Influence of spike lavender (Lavandula latifolia Med.) essential oil in the quality, stability and composition of soybean oil during microwave heating”, Food Chemical Toxicology, Cilt 50, No 8, 2894–2901, 2012.
  • Sağ, Y. ve Kutsal, T. “Copper(II) and nickel(II) adsorption by Rhizopus arrhizus in batch stirred reactors in series” The Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal , Cilt 58, No 3, 265–273,1995.
  • Dursun, A.Y., Uslu, G., Tepe, O., Cuci, Y. ve Ekiz, H.İ., “A comparative investigation on the bioaccumulation of heavy metal ions by growing Rhizopus arrhizus and Aspergillus niger”, Biochemical Engineering Journal, Cilt 15, No 2, 87–92, 2003
  • Muter, O., Patmalnieks, A. ve Rapoport, A. “Interrelations of the yeast Candida utilis and Cr(VI): metal reduction and its distribution in the cell and medium”, Process Biochemistry, Cilt 36, No 10, 963–970, 2001.
  • Keklikcioğlu N., Açıkel Ü., “Lipaz Enzimi Aktivitesine Başlangıç Sakkaroz Derişiminin ve Ortamda Bulunan Bakır (II) ve Nikel (II) İyonlarının Etkisi” 25. Ulusal Kimya Kongresi, Erzurum, 27 Haziran- 25 Temmuz 2011.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Neşe Keklikcioğlu Çakmak

Ünsal Açıkel

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2015
Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Eylül 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 30 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Keklikcioğlu Çakmak, N., & Açıkel, Ü. (2015). Candida utilis MAYASIYLA LİPAZ ENZİMİ AKTİVİTESİNİN FARKLI ORTAM KOŞULLARINDA İNCELENMESİ. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(3), 475-485. https://doi.org/10.17341/gummfd.35846
AMA Keklikcioğlu Çakmak N, Açıkel Ü. Candida utilis MAYASIYLA LİPAZ ENZİMİ AKTİVİTESİNİN FARKLI ORTAM KOŞULLARINDA İNCELENMESİ. GUMMFD. Ekim 2015;30(3):475-485. doi:10.17341/gummfd.35846
Chicago Keklikcioğlu Çakmak, Neşe, ve Ünsal Açıkel. “Candida Utilis MAYASIYLA LİPAZ ENZİMİ AKTİVİTESİNİN FARKLI ORTAM KOŞULLARINDA İNCELENMESİ”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 30, sy. 3 (Ekim 2015): 475-85. https://doi.org/10.17341/gummfd.35846.
EndNote Keklikcioğlu Çakmak N, Açıkel Ü (01 Ekim 2015) Candida utilis MAYASIYLA LİPAZ ENZİMİ AKTİVİTESİNİN FARKLI ORTAM KOŞULLARINDA İNCELENMESİ. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 30 3 475–485.
IEEE N. Keklikcioğlu Çakmak ve Ü. Açıkel, “Candida utilis MAYASIYLA LİPAZ ENZİMİ AKTİVİTESİNİN FARKLI ORTAM KOŞULLARINDA İNCELENMESİ”, GUMMFD, c. 30, sy. 3, ss. 475–485, 2015, doi: 10.17341/gummfd.35846.
ISNAD Keklikcioğlu Çakmak, Neşe - Açıkel, Ünsal. “Candida Utilis MAYASIYLA LİPAZ ENZİMİ AKTİVİTESİNİN FARKLI ORTAM KOŞULLARINDA İNCELENMESİ”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 30/3 (Ekim 2015), 475-485. https://doi.org/10.17341/gummfd.35846.
JAMA Keklikcioğlu Çakmak N, Açıkel Ü. Candida utilis MAYASIYLA LİPAZ ENZİMİ AKTİVİTESİNİN FARKLI ORTAM KOŞULLARINDA İNCELENMESİ. GUMMFD. 2015;30:475–485.
MLA Keklikcioğlu Çakmak, Neşe ve Ünsal Açıkel. “Candida Utilis MAYASIYLA LİPAZ ENZİMİ AKTİVİTESİNİN FARKLI ORTAM KOŞULLARINDA İNCELENMESİ”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 30, sy. 3, 2015, ss. 475-8, doi:10.17341/gummfd.35846.
Vancouver Keklikcioğlu Çakmak N, Açıkel Ü. Candida utilis MAYASIYLA LİPAZ ENZİMİ AKTİVİTESİNİN FARKLI ORTAM KOŞULLARINDA İNCELENMESİ. GUMMFD. 2015;30(3):475-8.