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Kano ve Halterde İzometrik ve Balistik Performans

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3, 189 - 195, 31.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.53434/gbesbd.1234258

Öz

Halter sporcuları kuvvet ve güç üretimini dikey (vertikal) düzlemde gerçekleştirirken, kanocular yatay (horizontal) düzlemde kuvvet ve güç üretirler. Çalışmanın amacı, kuvvet ve güç üretiminin farklı düzlemlerde gerçekleştiği halter ve kano sporlarında sporcuların izometrik kuvvet ve balistik güçleri arasındaki farkı incelemektir. Çalışmaya 14-21 yaş arası 84 sporcu dahil edildi. Sporcuların demografik bilgileri bir iş gününde alınmış ve standart bir ısınma protokolü uygulanmıştır. Balistik kuvveti değerlendirmek için Dinamik Güç İndeksi (DSI) hesaplandı. DSI için veriler Opto-Jump cihazı ile karşı hareket sıçrama (CMJ) testi ve İzometrik Orta Uyluk Testi (IMTP) ile elde edildi. İzometrik kuvveti değerlendirmek için Kistler+Noraxon Ölçüm Cihazı ile IMTP testi yapıldı. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre, erkek halter sporcularının balistik kuvvet, sıçrama yüksekliği ve DSI değerleri erkek kano sporcularından daha yüksek değerlere sahipti (p<0,05). İzometrik kuvvetleri arasında ise anlamlı bir farklılık yoktu (p>0,05). Kadın halter sporcularının sıçrama yüksekliği ve DSI değerleri kadın kano sporcularından daha yüksek bulunurken (p<0,05), izometrik ve balistik kuvvetleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık yoktu. Sonuç olarak dikey yönde güç üreten halterciler, sıçrama yeteneklerinde güçlerini daha net ortaya koymaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Brughelli, M., Kinsella, D., & Cronin, J. (2008, July). Contribution of vertical and horizontal force production to running velocity. National Strength and Conditioning Conference. Las Vegas.
  • 2. Burkett, L. N., Phillips, W.T., Ziuraitis, J. (2005). The best warm-up for the vertical jump in college12 age athletic men. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 19, 673–676.
  • 3. Carlock, J. M., Smith, S. L., Hartman, M. J., Morris, R. T., Ciroslan, D. A., Pierce, K. C., ... & Stone, M. H. (2004). The relationship between vertical jump power estimates and weightlifting ability: a field-test approach. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 18(3), 534-539.
  • 4. Chottidao, M., Kuo, C. H., Tsai, S. C., Hwang, S., Lin, J. J., & Tsai, Y. S. (2022). A comparison of plyometric and jump rope training programs for improving punching performance in junior amateur boxers. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 10.
  • 5. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • 6. Cormie, P., McGuigan, M. R., & Newton, R. U. (2010). Adaptations in athletic performance after ballistic power versus strength training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 42(8), 1582-1598.
  • 7. Dokumacı, B., & Çakır-Atabek, H. (2015). Relationship between anthropometric variables, respiratory function and bio-motoric properties in Turkish flat water canoe athletes. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 1(3), 758-767.
  • 8. Dos' Santos, T., Thomas, C., Jones, P. A., McMahon, J. J., & Comfort, P. (2017). The effect of hip joint angle on isometric midthigh pull kinetics. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 31(10), 2748-2757.
  • 9. Glatthorn, J. F., Gouge, S., Nussbaumer, S., Stauffacher, S., Impellizzeri, F. M., & Maffiuletti, N. A. (2011). Validity and reliability of Optojump photoelectric cells for estimating vertical jump height. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(2), 556-560.
  • 10. Hackett, D., Davies, T., Soomro, N., & Halaki, M. (2016). Olympic weightlifting training improves vertical jump height in sportspeople: a systematic review with meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(14), 865-872.
  • 11. Hunter, J. P., Marshall, R. N., & McNair, P. J. (2005). Relationships between ground reaction force impulse and kinematics of sprint-running acceleration. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 21(1), 31-43.
  • 12. Ince, I., & Senturk, A. (2019). Effects of plyometric and pull training on performance and selected strength characteristics of junior male weightlifter. Physical Education of Students, 23(3), 120-128.
  • 13. Ince, I., & Ulupinar, S. (2020). Prediction of competition performance via selected strength-power tests in junior weightlifters. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 60(2), 236-243.
  • 14. Ince, I., Ulupinar, S., & Özbay, S. (2020). Body composition isokinetic knee extensor strength and balance as predictors of competition performance in junior weightlifters. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 28(2), 215-222.
  • 15. Jiménez-Reyes, P., Samozino, P., García-Ramos, A., Cuadrado-Peñafiel, V., Brughelli, M., & Morin, J. B. (2018). Relationship between vertical and horizontal force-velocity-power profiles in various sports and levels of practice. PeerJ, 6, e5937.
  • 16. Kawamori, N., Rossi, S. J., Justice, B. D., Haff, E. E., Pistilli, E. E., O'Bryant, H. S., & Haff, G. G. (2006). Peak force and rate of force development during isometric and dynamic mid-thigh clean pulls performed at various intensities. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 20(3), 483-491.
  • 17. Keller, T. S., Weisberger, A. M., Ray, J. L., Hasan, S. S., Shiavi, R. G., & Spengler, D. M. (1996). Relationship between vertical ground reaction force and speed during walking, slow jogging, and running. Clinical Biomechanics, 11(5), 253-259.
  • 18. Kristiansen, M., Pedersen, A. M. S. K., Sandvej, G., Jørgensen, P., Jakobsen, J. V., de Zee, M., ... & Klitgaard, K. K. (2022). Enhanced Maximal Upper-Body Strength Increases Performance in Sprint Kayaking. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 37(4), e305-e312.
  • 19. Kyröläinen, H., Belli, A., & Komi, P. V. (2001). Biomechanical factors affecting running economy. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 33(8), 1330-1337.
  • 20. López, C. L., & Serna, J. R. (2011). Quantitative analysis of kayak paddling technique: definition of an optimal stroke profile. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte, 4(3), 91-95.
  • 21. Lum, D., Barbosa, T. M., & Balasekaran, G. (2021). Sprint kayaking performance enhancement by isometric strength training inclusion: a randomized controlled trial. Sports, 9(2), 16.
  • 22. MacKenzie, S.J., Lavers, R. J., & Wallace, B. B. (2014). A biomechanical comparison of the vertical jump, power clean, and jump squat. Journal of Sports Sciences, 32(16), 1576-1585.
  • 23. McGuigan, M.R., Winchester, J. B., & Erickson, T. (2006). The importance of isometric maximum strength in college wrestlers. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 5(Cssi), 108-13.
  • 24. Mero, A., & Komi, P. V. (1986). Force-, EMG-, and elasticity-velocity relationships at submaximal, maximal and supramaximal running speeds in sprinters. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 55(5), 553-561.
  • 25. Mononen, H., & Viitasalo, J. (1995). Stroke parameters and kayak speed during 200 m kayaking. Congress of the Internatıonal Socıety of Bıomechanıcs, 632-633.
  • 26. Munro, C. F., Miller, D. I., & Fuglevand, A. J. (1987). Ground reaction forces in running: a reexamination. Journal of Biomechanics, 20(2), 147-155.
  • 27. Nummela, A., Keränen, T., & Mikkelsson, L. O. (2007). Factors related to top running speed and economy. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 28(08), 655-661.
  • 28. Nuzzo, J. L., McBride, J. M., Cormie, P., & McCaulley, G. O. (2008). Relationship between countermovement jump performance and multijoint isometric and dynamic tests of strength. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(3), 699-707.
  • 29. Samozino, P., Morin, J. B., Hintzy, F., & Belli, A. (2008). A simple method for measuring force, velocity and power output during squat jump. Journal of Biomechanics, 41(14), 2940-2945.
  • 30. Secomb, J. L., Farley, O. R., Lundgren, L., Tran, T. T., King, A., Nimphius, S., & Sheppard, J. M. (2015). Associations between the performance of scoring manoeuvres and lower-body strength and power in elite surfers. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 10(5), 911-918.
  • 31. Soriano, M. A., Suchomel, T. J., & Comfort, P. (2019). Weightlifting overhead pressing derivatives: a review of the literature. Sports Medicine, 49(6), 867-885.
  • 32. Stone, M. H., O'Bryant, H. S., McCoy, L., Coglianese, R., Lehmkuhl, M., & Schilling, B. (2003-a). Power and maximum strength relationships during performance of dynamic and static weighted jumps. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 17(1), 140-147.
  • 33. Stone, M. H., Sands, W. A., Carlock, J. O. N., Callan, S., Dickie, D., Daigle, K., Cotton, J., Smith, S. L., & Hartman, M. (2004). The importance of isometric maximum strength and peak rate-of-force development in sprint cycling. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 18(4), 878-884.
  • 34. Stone, M. H., Sanborn, K., O'Bryant, H. S., Hartman, M., Stone, M. E., Proulx, C., Ward, B., & Hruby, J. (2003-b). Maximum strength-power-performance relationships in collegiate throwers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 17(4), 739-745.
  • 35. Stone, M. H., Sands, W. A., Pierce, K. C., Carlock, J. O. N., Cardinale, M., & Newton, R. U. (2005). Relationship of maximum strength to weightlifting performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 37(6), 1037-1043.
  • 36. Stone, M. H., Moir, G., Glaister, M., & Sanders, R. (2002). How much strength is necessary?. Physical Therapy in Sport, 3(2), 88-96.
  • 37. Storey, A., & Smith, H. K. (2012). Unique aspects of competitive weightlifting. Sports Medicine, 42(9), 769-790.
  • 38. Suchomel, T. J., Comfort, P., & Lake, J. P. (2017). Enhancing the force-velocity profile of athletes using weightlifting derivatives. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 39(1), 10-20.
  • 39. Suchomel, T. J., Comfort, P., & Stone, M. H. (2015). Weightlifting pulling derivatives: Rationale for implementation and application. Sports Medicine, 45(6), 823-839.
  • 40. Teo, S. Y., Newton, M. J., Newton, R. U., Dempsey, A. R., & Fairchild, T. J. (2016). Comparing the effectiveness of a short-term vertical jump vs. weightlifting program on athletic power development. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(10), 2741-2748.
  • 41. Thomas, C., Jones, P. A., & Comfort, P. (2015). Reliability of the dynamic strength index in college athletes. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10(5), 542-545.
  • 42. van Someren, K. A., & Howatson, G. (2008). Prediction of flatwater kayaking performance. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 3(2), 207-218.
  • 43. Weiss, L. W., Fry, A. C., & Relyea, G. E. (2002). Explosive strength deficit as a predictor of vertical jumping performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 16(1), 83-86.
  • 44. Weyand, P. G., Sternlight, D. B., Bellizzi, M. J., & Wright, S. (2000). Faster top running speeds are achieved with greater ground forces not more rapid leg movements. Journal of Applied Physiology, 89(5), 1991-1999.
  • 45. White, O., Gaveau, J., Bringoux, L., & Crevecoeur, F. (2020). The gravitational imprint on sensorimotor planning and control. Journal of Neurophysiology, 124(1), 4-19.

Isometric and Ballistic Performance in Canoeing and Weightlifting

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3, 189 - 195, 31.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.53434/gbesbd.1234258

Öz

Weightlifters produce strength and power in the vertical plane, while canoeists produce strength and power in the horizontal plane. The purpose of the study is to examine the difference between isometric strength and ballistic force of athletes in weightlifting and canoeing, at which strength and power production occurs in different planes. 84 athletes aged 14-21 were included in the study. Demographic information of the athletes was taken on a working day and a standard warm-up protocol was applied. Dynamic Strength Index (DSI) was calculated to evaluate the ballistic force. Data for DSI were obtained by Opto-Jump device with counter-movement jump (CMJ) test and Isometric Mid-Thigh Test (IMTP). The IMTP test was performed with the Kistler+Noraxon Measurement Device to evaluate isometric strength. According to the findings of the study, the ballistic force, jump height and DSI values of male weightlifters had higher values than male canoe athletes (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between isometric strengths (p>0.05). While the jump height and DSI values of female weightlifters were higher than female canoe athletes (p<0.05), there was no significant difference between isometric and ballistic strengths. As a result, weightlifters, who produce power in the vertical direction, reveal their strength more clearly in their jumping abilities.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Brughelli, M., Kinsella, D., & Cronin, J. (2008, July). Contribution of vertical and horizontal force production to running velocity. National Strength and Conditioning Conference. Las Vegas.
  • 2. Burkett, L. N., Phillips, W.T., Ziuraitis, J. (2005). The best warm-up for the vertical jump in college12 age athletic men. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 19, 673–676.
  • 3. Carlock, J. M., Smith, S. L., Hartman, M. J., Morris, R. T., Ciroslan, D. A., Pierce, K. C., ... & Stone, M. H. (2004). The relationship between vertical jump power estimates and weightlifting ability: a field-test approach. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 18(3), 534-539.
  • 4. Chottidao, M., Kuo, C. H., Tsai, S. C., Hwang, S., Lin, J. J., & Tsai, Y. S. (2022). A comparison of plyometric and jump rope training programs for improving punching performance in junior amateur boxers. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 10.
  • 5. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • 6. Cormie, P., McGuigan, M. R., & Newton, R. U. (2010). Adaptations in athletic performance after ballistic power versus strength training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 42(8), 1582-1598.
  • 7. Dokumacı, B., & Çakır-Atabek, H. (2015). Relationship between anthropometric variables, respiratory function and bio-motoric properties in Turkish flat water canoe athletes. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 1(3), 758-767.
  • 8. Dos' Santos, T., Thomas, C., Jones, P. A., McMahon, J. J., & Comfort, P. (2017). The effect of hip joint angle on isometric midthigh pull kinetics. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 31(10), 2748-2757.
  • 9. Glatthorn, J. F., Gouge, S., Nussbaumer, S., Stauffacher, S., Impellizzeri, F. M., & Maffiuletti, N. A. (2011). Validity and reliability of Optojump photoelectric cells for estimating vertical jump height. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(2), 556-560.
  • 10. Hackett, D., Davies, T., Soomro, N., & Halaki, M. (2016). Olympic weightlifting training improves vertical jump height in sportspeople: a systematic review with meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(14), 865-872.
  • 11. Hunter, J. P., Marshall, R. N., & McNair, P. J. (2005). Relationships between ground reaction force impulse and kinematics of sprint-running acceleration. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 21(1), 31-43.
  • 12. Ince, I., & Senturk, A. (2019). Effects of plyometric and pull training on performance and selected strength characteristics of junior male weightlifter. Physical Education of Students, 23(3), 120-128.
  • 13. Ince, I., & Ulupinar, S. (2020). Prediction of competition performance via selected strength-power tests in junior weightlifters. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 60(2), 236-243.
  • 14. Ince, I., Ulupinar, S., & Özbay, S. (2020). Body composition isokinetic knee extensor strength and balance as predictors of competition performance in junior weightlifters. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 28(2), 215-222.
  • 15. Jiménez-Reyes, P., Samozino, P., García-Ramos, A., Cuadrado-Peñafiel, V., Brughelli, M., & Morin, J. B. (2018). Relationship between vertical and horizontal force-velocity-power profiles in various sports and levels of practice. PeerJ, 6, e5937.
  • 16. Kawamori, N., Rossi, S. J., Justice, B. D., Haff, E. E., Pistilli, E. E., O'Bryant, H. S., & Haff, G. G. (2006). Peak force and rate of force development during isometric and dynamic mid-thigh clean pulls performed at various intensities. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 20(3), 483-491.
  • 17. Keller, T. S., Weisberger, A. M., Ray, J. L., Hasan, S. S., Shiavi, R. G., & Spengler, D. M. (1996). Relationship between vertical ground reaction force and speed during walking, slow jogging, and running. Clinical Biomechanics, 11(5), 253-259.
  • 18. Kristiansen, M., Pedersen, A. M. S. K., Sandvej, G., Jørgensen, P., Jakobsen, J. V., de Zee, M., ... & Klitgaard, K. K. (2022). Enhanced Maximal Upper-Body Strength Increases Performance in Sprint Kayaking. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 37(4), e305-e312.
  • 19. Kyröläinen, H., Belli, A., & Komi, P. V. (2001). Biomechanical factors affecting running economy. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 33(8), 1330-1337.
  • 20. López, C. L., & Serna, J. R. (2011). Quantitative analysis of kayak paddling technique: definition of an optimal stroke profile. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte, 4(3), 91-95.
  • 21. Lum, D., Barbosa, T. M., & Balasekaran, G. (2021). Sprint kayaking performance enhancement by isometric strength training inclusion: a randomized controlled trial. Sports, 9(2), 16.
  • 22. MacKenzie, S.J., Lavers, R. J., & Wallace, B. B. (2014). A biomechanical comparison of the vertical jump, power clean, and jump squat. Journal of Sports Sciences, 32(16), 1576-1585.
  • 23. McGuigan, M.R., Winchester, J. B., & Erickson, T. (2006). The importance of isometric maximum strength in college wrestlers. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 5(Cssi), 108-13.
  • 24. Mero, A., & Komi, P. V. (1986). Force-, EMG-, and elasticity-velocity relationships at submaximal, maximal and supramaximal running speeds in sprinters. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 55(5), 553-561.
  • 25. Mononen, H., & Viitasalo, J. (1995). Stroke parameters and kayak speed during 200 m kayaking. Congress of the Internatıonal Socıety of Bıomechanıcs, 632-633.
  • 26. Munro, C. F., Miller, D. I., & Fuglevand, A. J. (1987). Ground reaction forces in running: a reexamination. Journal of Biomechanics, 20(2), 147-155.
  • 27. Nummela, A., Keränen, T., & Mikkelsson, L. O. (2007). Factors related to top running speed and economy. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 28(08), 655-661.
  • 28. Nuzzo, J. L., McBride, J. M., Cormie, P., & McCaulley, G. O. (2008). Relationship between countermovement jump performance and multijoint isometric and dynamic tests of strength. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(3), 699-707.
  • 29. Samozino, P., Morin, J. B., Hintzy, F., & Belli, A. (2008). A simple method for measuring force, velocity and power output during squat jump. Journal of Biomechanics, 41(14), 2940-2945.
  • 30. Secomb, J. L., Farley, O. R., Lundgren, L., Tran, T. T., King, A., Nimphius, S., & Sheppard, J. M. (2015). Associations between the performance of scoring manoeuvres and lower-body strength and power in elite surfers. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 10(5), 911-918.
  • 31. Soriano, M. A., Suchomel, T. J., & Comfort, P. (2019). Weightlifting overhead pressing derivatives: a review of the literature. Sports Medicine, 49(6), 867-885.
  • 32. Stone, M. H., O'Bryant, H. S., McCoy, L., Coglianese, R., Lehmkuhl, M., & Schilling, B. (2003-a). Power and maximum strength relationships during performance of dynamic and static weighted jumps. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 17(1), 140-147.
  • 33. Stone, M. H., Sands, W. A., Carlock, J. O. N., Callan, S., Dickie, D., Daigle, K., Cotton, J., Smith, S. L., & Hartman, M. (2004). The importance of isometric maximum strength and peak rate-of-force development in sprint cycling. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 18(4), 878-884.
  • 34. Stone, M. H., Sanborn, K., O'Bryant, H. S., Hartman, M., Stone, M. E., Proulx, C., Ward, B., & Hruby, J. (2003-b). Maximum strength-power-performance relationships in collegiate throwers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 17(4), 739-745.
  • 35. Stone, M. H., Sands, W. A., Pierce, K. C., Carlock, J. O. N., Cardinale, M., & Newton, R. U. (2005). Relationship of maximum strength to weightlifting performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 37(6), 1037-1043.
  • 36. Stone, M. H., Moir, G., Glaister, M., & Sanders, R. (2002). How much strength is necessary?. Physical Therapy in Sport, 3(2), 88-96.
  • 37. Storey, A., & Smith, H. K. (2012). Unique aspects of competitive weightlifting. Sports Medicine, 42(9), 769-790.
  • 38. Suchomel, T. J., Comfort, P., & Lake, J. P. (2017). Enhancing the force-velocity profile of athletes using weightlifting derivatives. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 39(1), 10-20.
  • 39. Suchomel, T. J., Comfort, P., & Stone, M. H. (2015). Weightlifting pulling derivatives: Rationale for implementation and application. Sports Medicine, 45(6), 823-839.
  • 40. Teo, S. Y., Newton, M. J., Newton, R. U., Dempsey, A. R., & Fairchild, T. J. (2016). Comparing the effectiveness of a short-term vertical jump vs. weightlifting program on athletic power development. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(10), 2741-2748.
  • 41. Thomas, C., Jones, P. A., & Comfort, P. (2015). Reliability of the dynamic strength index in college athletes. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10(5), 542-545.
  • 42. van Someren, K. A., & Howatson, G. (2008). Prediction of flatwater kayaking performance. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 3(2), 207-218.
  • 43. Weiss, L. W., Fry, A. C., & Relyea, G. E. (2002). Explosive strength deficit as a predictor of vertical jumping performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 16(1), 83-86.
  • 44. Weyand, P. G., Sternlight, D. B., Bellizzi, M. J., & Wright, S. (2000). Faster top running speeds are achieved with greater ground forces not more rapid leg movements. Journal of Applied Physiology, 89(5), 1991-1999.
  • 45. White, O., Gaveau, J., Bringoux, L., & Crevecoeur, F. (2020). The gravitational imprint on sensorimotor planning and control. Journal of Neurophysiology, 124(1), 4-19.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Egzersiz Fizyolojisi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Güler Atalay 0000-0003-1376-4379

Banu Kabak 0000-0002-0707-4593

Ender Kaya 0000-0002-9708-5084

Gökhan Deliceoğlu 0000-0001-8650-3538

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Ocak 2023
Kabul Tarihi 11 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Atalay, G., Kabak, B., Kaya, E., Deliceoğlu, G. (2023). Isometric and Ballistic Performance in Canoeing and Weightlifting. Gazi Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 28(3), 189-195. https://doi.org/10.53434/gbesbd.1234258

Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi yılda dört kez yayımlanan bilimsel ve hakemli bir dergidir.


Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences is a scientific and peer-reviewed journal published quarterly.