Öz
Geleneksel olarak sıklıkla kullanılan tıbbi bitkilerin bilinçsiz kullanımı bazı komplikasyonlara neden olabilmektedir. Bitkilerin toksisite testlerinin detaylı olarak araştırılması bitkisel ürünlerin olası etkilerinin belirlenmesi, takviye edici gıdaların üretiminde uygun dozun ayarlanması açısından önem arz etmektedir. DVD-SNO®, devedikeni tohumu (Silybum marianum), biberiye (Rosmarinus officinali), zerdeçal (Curcuma longa), şahtere (Fumaria officinalis), hindiba (Cichorium intybus) ve sinirli ot (Plantago majör) bitkilerinin kombinasyonuyla hazırlanmış bitkisel bir gıda takviyesidir. DVD-SNO® içeriğindeki bu bitkilerin geleneksel olarak kombine halde ya da ayrı ayrı kullanımları yaygındır ve sağlık için faydalı oldukları düşünülmektedir.
Bu çalışmada Remember Regeneration Tedavide (RTM) kullanılan DVD-SNO® ürününün akut ve sub-akut toksisitesinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Deney gruplarında 250-300 g ağırlığında sekiz aylık Wistar albino dişi sıçanlar kullanılmıştır. Çalışma ISO 10993-11, ISO 10993-2 ve ISO 10993-12 uluslararası test standartlarından yararlanılarak tasarlanmıştır. Kontrol grubuna salin, deney gruplarına 13,3 mg/mL DVD-SNO® takviye edici gıda ürünü gavaj yoluyla verilmiştir.
Uygulama süreleri sonunda (akut toksisite için 1 gün ve sub-akut toksisite için 7 gün, sub-akut -sonrası toksisite için 14 gün) hayvanlardan kan ve doku örnekleri alındı. Kan örnekleri biyokimyasal ve hematolojik parametreler için analiz edildi. Kalp, karaciğer, akciğer, böbrek ve dalak dokularının histopatolojisi incelendi. İncelenen tüm parametreler, akut ve sub-akut toksisite açısından kontrol ve uygulama grupları arasında önemli bir farklılık taşımadığı görüldü. Sonuç olarak, sıçanlar üzerinde yapılan bu çalışmada DVD-SNO® ürününün günlük kullanım dozu akut ve sub-akut toksisite göstermemiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Akut toksisite Subakut toksisite Gıda takviyesi Silybum marianum Rosmarinus officinalis Curcuma longa Fumaria officinalis Cichorium intybus Plantago majör
Kaynakça
- Yasar, M., The remember regeneration therapy method: An overview of new therapy protocol to approach diseases. Journal of Complementary Medicine Research, 2019. 10 (1): p.68-80.
- Křen, V. and D. Walterová, Silybin and silymarin-new effects and applications. Biomed papers, 2005. 149(1): p. 29-41.
- Chladek, J., J. Martinkova, and L. Sispera, An in vitro study on methotrexate hydroxylation in rat and human liver. Physiological research, 1997. 46: p. 371-380.
- Lev, E., Ethno-diversity within current ethno-pharmacology as part of Israeli traditional medicine–A review. Journal of Ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, 2006. 2(1): p. 4.
- Perry, E.K., et al., Medicinal plants and Alzheimer's disease: from ethnobotany to phytotherapy. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 1999. 51(5): p. 527-534.
- Freires, I.A., et al., Antibacterial activity of essential oils and their isolated constituents against cariogenic bacteria: a systematic review. Molecules, 2015. 20(4): p. 7329-7358.
- Nieto, G., G. Ros, and J. Castillo, Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis, L.): A Review. Medicines, 2018. 5(3): p. 98.
- Sakr, S.A. and H.A. Lamfon, Protective effect of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) leaves extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats. Life Sci J, 2012. 9(1): p. 779-85.
- Afonso, M.S., et al., Phenolic compounds from Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) attenuate oxidative stress and reduce blood cholesterol concentrations in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats. Nutrition & metabolism, 2013. 10(1): p. 19.
- Aggarwal, B.B. and S. Shishodia, Molecular targets of dietary agents for prevention and therapy of cancer. Biochemical pharmacology, 2006. 71(10): p. 1397-1421.
- Wigler, I., et al., The effects of Zintona EC (a ginger extract) on symptomatic gonarthritis. Osteoarthritis and cartilage, 2003. 11(11): p. 783-789.
- Zorofchian Moghadamtousi S, Abdul Kadir H, Hassandarvish P, Tajik H, Abubakar S, Zandi K. A review on antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activity of curcumin. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014.
- Tomeh MA, Hadianamrei R, Zhao X. A review of curcumin and its derivatives as anticancer agents. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(5).
- Torck, M., M. Pinkas, and L. Bézanger-Beauquesne. The flavone heterosides of the fumitory. Fumaria officinalis L., Fumariaceae. in Annales pharmaceutiques francaises. 1971.
- Street, R.A., J. Sidana, and G. Prinsloo, Cichorium intybus: Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013. 2013.
- Fleming, T., PDR for herbal medicines: From Medical Economics Company. New Jersy: USA, 2000. 253.
- Al-Snafi, A.E., Medical importance of Cichorium intybus–A review. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy, 2016. 6(3): p. 41-56.
- Zubair, M., et al., Effects of Plantago major L. leaf extracts on oral epithelial cells in a scratch assay. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2012. 141(3): p. 825-830.
- Velasco-Lezama, R., et al., Effect of Plantago major on cell proliferation in vitro. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2006. 103(1): p. 36-42.
- Anonymous. ISO 10993-11:2017(en), Biological evaluation of medical devices — Part 11: Tests for systemic toxicity. International Organization for Standardization. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:10993:-11:ed-3:v1:en. Published 2017.
- Anonymous. ISO 10993-12:2012 Biological evaluation of medical devices — Part 12: Sample preparation and reference materials. International Organization for Standardization. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:10993:-12:ed-4:v1:en. Published 2012.
- Anonymous. ISO 10993-2:2006 Biological evaluation of medical devices — Part 2: Animal welfare requirements. International Organization for Standardization. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:10993:-2:ed-2:v1:en. Published 2015.
- Tamayo, C. and S. Diamond, Review of clinical trials evaluating safety and efficacy of milk thistle (Silybum marianum [L.] Gaertn.). Integrative cancer therapies, 2007. 6(2): p. 146-157.
- Safety Assessment of Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary)-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics 2013.
- Liju VB, Jeena K, Kuttan R. Acute and subchronic toxicity as well as mutagenic evaluation of essential oil from turmeric (Curcuma longa L). Food Chem Toxicol, 2013. 53:52-61.
- Schmidt, B.M., et al., Toxicological evaluation of a chicory root extract. Food and chemical toxicology, 2007. 45(7): p. 1131-1139.
- Najafian, Y., et al., Plantago major in Traditional Persian Medicine and modern phytotherapy: a narrative review. Electronic physician, 2018. 10(2): p. 6390.
Öz
Unconscious use of traditionally used medicinal plants can cause some complications. A detailed investigation of the toxicity tests of plants is important in terms of determining the possible effects of herbal products, and adjusting the appropriate dose in the production of supplements. DVD-SNO® is a herbal food supplement prepared with the combination of thistle seeds (Silybum marianum), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), turmeric (Curcuma longa), fumitory (Fumaria officinalis), chicory (Cichorium intybus) and plantain (Plantago major) plants. These herbs, which are contained in DVD-SNO®, are commonly used in combination or separately and are considered to be beneficial for health. In this study, it was aimed to determine the acute and sub-acute toxicity of DVD-SNO® product used in Remember Regeneration Therapy Method (RTM). Eight months old Wistar female rats weighing 250-300 g were used in the experimental groups. The study was designed using international test standards ISO 10993-11, ISO 10993-2 and ISO 10993-12. Saline was given to the control group and 13.3 mg / mL DVD-SNO® supplement food product via gavage. At the end of the treatment period (1 day for acute toxicity and 7 days for sub-acute toxicity, 14 days for post sub-acute toxicity) blood and tissue samples were collected from the animals. Blood samples were analyzed for biochemical and hematological parameters. Histopathology of the heart, liver, lung, kidney and spleen tissues has been investigated. It was observed that there was no significant difference between the control and administration groups in terms of all parameters examined, acute and sub-acute toxicity. As a result, in this study on rats, the daily use dose of DVD-SNO® product did not show acute and sub-acute toxicity.
Kaynakça
- Yasar, M., The remember regeneration therapy method: An overview of new therapy protocol to approach diseases. Journal of Complementary Medicine Research, 2019. 10 (1): p.68-80.
- Křen, V. and D. Walterová, Silybin and silymarin-new effects and applications. Biomed papers, 2005. 149(1): p. 29-41.
- Chladek, J., J. Martinkova, and L. Sispera, An in vitro study on methotrexate hydroxylation in rat and human liver. Physiological research, 1997. 46: p. 371-380.
- Lev, E., Ethno-diversity within current ethno-pharmacology as part of Israeli traditional medicine–A review. Journal of Ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, 2006. 2(1): p. 4.
- Perry, E.K., et al., Medicinal plants and Alzheimer's disease: from ethnobotany to phytotherapy. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 1999. 51(5): p. 527-534.
- Freires, I.A., et al., Antibacterial activity of essential oils and their isolated constituents against cariogenic bacteria: a systematic review. Molecules, 2015. 20(4): p. 7329-7358.
- Nieto, G., G. Ros, and J. Castillo, Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis, L.): A Review. Medicines, 2018. 5(3): p. 98.
- Sakr, S.A. and H.A. Lamfon, Protective effect of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) leaves extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats. Life Sci J, 2012. 9(1): p. 779-85.
- Afonso, M.S., et al., Phenolic compounds from Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) attenuate oxidative stress and reduce blood cholesterol concentrations in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats. Nutrition & metabolism, 2013. 10(1): p. 19.
- Aggarwal, B.B. and S. Shishodia, Molecular targets of dietary agents for prevention and therapy of cancer. Biochemical pharmacology, 2006. 71(10): p. 1397-1421.
- Wigler, I., et al., The effects of Zintona EC (a ginger extract) on symptomatic gonarthritis. Osteoarthritis and cartilage, 2003. 11(11): p. 783-789.
- Zorofchian Moghadamtousi S, Abdul Kadir H, Hassandarvish P, Tajik H, Abubakar S, Zandi K. A review on antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activity of curcumin. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014.
- Tomeh MA, Hadianamrei R, Zhao X. A review of curcumin and its derivatives as anticancer agents. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(5).
- Torck, M., M. Pinkas, and L. Bézanger-Beauquesne. The flavone heterosides of the fumitory. Fumaria officinalis L., Fumariaceae. in Annales pharmaceutiques francaises. 1971.
- Street, R.A., J. Sidana, and G. Prinsloo, Cichorium intybus: Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013. 2013.
- Fleming, T., PDR for herbal medicines: From Medical Economics Company. New Jersy: USA, 2000. 253.
- Al-Snafi, A.E., Medical importance of Cichorium intybus–A review. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy, 2016. 6(3): p. 41-56.
- Zubair, M., et al., Effects of Plantago major L. leaf extracts on oral epithelial cells in a scratch assay. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2012. 141(3): p. 825-830.
- Velasco-Lezama, R., et al., Effect of Plantago major on cell proliferation in vitro. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2006. 103(1): p. 36-42.
- Anonymous. ISO 10993-11:2017(en), Biological evaluation of medical devices — Part 11: Tests for systemic toxicity. International Organization for Standardization. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:10993:-11:ed-3:v1:en. Published 2017.
- Anonymous. ISO 10993-12:2012 Biological evaluation of medical devices — Part 12: Sample preparation and reference materials. International Organization for Standardization. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:10993:-12:ed-4:v1:en. Published 2012.
- Anonymous. ISO 10993-2:2006 Biological evaluation of medical devices — Part 2: Animal welfare requirements. International Organization for Standardization. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:10993:-2:ed-2:v1:en. Published 2015.
- Tamayo, C. and S. Diamond, Review of clinical trials evaluating safety and efficacy of milk thistle (Silybum marianum [L.] Gaertn.). Integrative cancer therapies, 2007. 6(2): p. 146-157.
- Safety Assessment of Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary)-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics 2013.
- Liju VB, Jeena K, Kuttan R. Acute and subchronic toxicity as well as mutagenic evaluation of essential oil from turmeric (Curcuma longa L). Food Chem Toxicol, 2013. 53:52-61.
- Schmidt, B.M., et al., Toxicological evaluation of a chicory root extract. Food and chemical toxicology, 2007. 45(7): p. 1131-1139.
- Najafian, Y., et al., Plantago major in Traditional Persian Medicine and modern phytotherapy: a narrative review. Electronic physician, 2018. 10(2): p. 6390.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Aralık 2020 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 20 Mayıs 2020 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 27 Aralık 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 3 |
