Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Zihinsel Engelliliği Olan Ergenlerde Cinsel Davranışların Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 166 - 180, 10.01.2023

Öz

Amaç: Zihinsel engelli (ZE) ergenlerin, genel popülasyona göre uygunsuz ve güvensiz cinsel davranışlar ve cinsel davranış sorunları sergileme olasılığı daha yüksektir. Bununla birlikte az sayıda çalışma bu ergenlerdeki cinsel davranış sorunlarını araştırmıştır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada ZE’ye sahip ergenlerde görülen uygunsuz cinsel davranışların türleri, sıklığı ve ilişkili klinik özelliklerin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrisi polikliniğine kayıtlı 12-18 yaş aralığındaki 74 ZE tanısı konulmuş ergen dahil edildi. Katılımcıların sosyodemografik verilerini ve cinsel davranış özelliklerini elde etmek için Google dokümanlar üzerinden bir anket formu ebeveynlerle iletişime geçilerek onların ulaşabilecekleri erişim ağları üzerinden paylaşıldı ve ebeveynlerden doldurmaları istendi.
Bulgular: Örneklemimizde cinsel davranış sorunu varlığı %35,1 ve toplum içinde uygunsuz cinsel davranış oranı %27 sıklıkta idi. Mastürbasyon en sık gözlenen cinsel davranıştı. Cinsel davranış sorunları yaş ve cinsiyete göre farklılık göstermedi. Ancak, cinsel davranış sorunları olan grupta ZE derecesi anlamlı olarak daha şiddetli idi. Ebeveynlerin çocuklarına cinsel eğitim verme oranı %18,9 ve cinsel davranış sorunlarına yönelik herhangi bir profesyonel tarafından cinsel eğitim almış olma oranı %8,1 idi. Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız ZE tanısı olan ergenlerin cinsel davranış sorunları yaşama riskinin yüksek olduğu bulgusunu desteklemektedir. Ayrıca ZE tanılı ergenler ve ailelerine yönelik kapsamlı bir cinsel eğitim ve müdahale ihtiyacı olduğu açıkça görülmektedir. Bu durum klinisyenler, psikologlar ve öğretmenler tarafından dikkate alınmalıdır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association, 2013.
  • 2. American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. Overview of intellectual disability: Definition, classifications and systems of support, 2010.
  • 3. McKenzie K, Milton M, Smith G, Ouellette-Kuntz H. Systematic Review of the Prevalence and Incidence of Intellectual Disabilities: Current Trends and Issues. Curr Dev Disord Rep. 2016;3:104-115. doi:10.1007/s40474-016-0085-7
  • 4. Miranda PSF, Aquino JMG, Monteiro RMPC, Dixe MDACR, Luz AMBD, Moleiro P. Sexual behaviors: study in the youth. Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2018;16(3):eAO4265. doi:10.1590/S1679-45082018AO4265
  • 5. Akrami L, Davudi M. Comparison of Behavioral and Sexual Problems between Intellectually Disabled and Normal Adolescent Boys during Puberty in Yazd, Iran. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2014;8(2):68-74.
  • 6. Hartini S, Nur Chamidah A, Siti Herini E. Sexual Behavior Problems in Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci [Internet]. 2021;9(F):163-70. doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.6016
  • 7. Goli S, Noroozi M, Salehi M. Parental Experiences about the Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescent Girls with Intellectual Disability: A Qualitative Study. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2020;25(3):254-259. doi:10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_258_19
  • 8. Madi B. Otistik ve Zihinsel Engellilerde Cinsel Gelişim ve Sorunları. Farklı Gelişen Çocuklar. Editör: Kulaksızoğlu A. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, 3. Basım. 2016. 245-249.
  • 9. Murphy NA, Elias ER. Sexuality of children and adolescents with developmental disabilities. Pediatrics. 2006;118(1):398-403. doi:10.1542/peds.2006-1115
  • 10. Holland-Hall C, Quint EH. Sexuality and Disability in Adolescents. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017;64(2):435-449. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2016.11.011
  • 11. Kellogg ND. Sexual behaviors in children: evaluation and management. Am Fam Physician. 2010;82(10):1233-1238.
  • 12. Friedrich WN, Fisher J, Broughton D, Houston M, Shafran CR. Normative sexual behavior in children: a contemporary sample. Pediatrics. 1998;101(4):E9. doi:10.1542/peds.101.4.e9
  • 13. Tsuda S, Hartini S, Hapsari ED, Takada S. Sex Education in Children and Adolescents With Disabilities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia From a Teachers' Gender Perspective. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2017;29(4):328-338. doi:10.1177/1010539517702716
  • 14. Almond L, Giles S. Young people with harmful sexual behaviour: Do those with learning disabilities form a distinct subgroup? J Sex Aggress. 2008;14(3):227-39. doi:10.1080/13552600802304909
  • 15. Eastgate G. Sex and intellectual disability--dealing with sexual health issues. Aust Fam Physician. 2011;40(4):188-191.
  • 16. Kassa TA, Luck T, Bekele A, Riedel-Heller SG. Sexual and reproductive health of young people with disability in Ethiopia: a study on knowledge, attitude and practice: a cross-sectional study. Global Health. 2016;12:5. doi:10.1186/s12992-016-0142-3
  • 17. Eastgate G, Scheermeyer E, van Driel ML, Lennox N. Intellectual disability, sexuality and sexual abuse prevention - a study of family members and support workers. Aust Fam Physician. 2012;41(3):135-139.
  • 18. Isler A, Beytut D, Tas F, Conk Z. A study on sexuality with the parents of adolescents with intellectual disability. Sex Disabil. 2009;27(4):229-37. doi:10.1007/s11195-009-9130-3
  • 19. Walsh A. Improve and care: Responding to inappropriate masturbation in people with severe intellectual disabilities. Sex Disabil. 2000;18(1):27-39.
  • 20. Cambridge P, Carnaby S, McCarthy M. Responding to Masturbation in Supporting Sexuality and Challenging Behaviour in Services for People with Learning Disabilities: A Practice and Research Overview. Journal of Learning Disabilities. 2003;7(3):251-266. doi:10.1177/14690047030073005
  • 21. Sharabi A, Margalit M. Virtual friendships and social distress among adolescents with and without learning disabilities: The subtyping approach. Eur J Spec Needs Educ. 2011;26:379–94.
  • 22. Alldred P, Fox N, Kulpa R. Engaging parents with sex and relationship education: A UK primary school case study. Health Educ J. 2016;75:855–8.
  • 23. Gurol A, Polat S, Oran T. Views of mothers having children with intellectual disability regarding sexual education: A qualitative study. Sex Disabil. 2014;32:123–33.
  • 24. Pownall JD, Jahoda A, Hastings RP. Sexuality and sex education of adolescents with intellectual disability: mothers' attitudes, experiences, and support needs. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2012;50(2):140- 154. doi:10.1352/1934-9556-50.2.140

Evaluation of Sexual Behavior in Adolescents with Intellectual Disability

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 166 - 180, 10.01.2023

Öz

Objectives: Adolescents with intellectual disability (ID) are more likely than the general population to exhibit inappropriate and unsafe sexual behaviors and sexual behavior problems. However, few studies have investigated sexual behavior problems in these adolescents. Thus, the present study aimed to examine the types, frequency, and associated clinical features of inappropriate sexual behaviors in adolescents with ID. Material and Methods: This study included 74 adolescents diagnosed with ZE between the ages of 12-18, registered in the child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic. A questionnaire form via Google documents was shared with the parents through the access networks that they could reach by contacting the parents, and the parents were asked to fill it out in order to obtain sociodemographic data and sexual behavior characteristics of the participants. Results: In our sample, the prevalence of sexual behavior problems was 35.1% and the rate of inappropriate sexual behavior in the community was 27%. Masturbation was the most commonly observed sexual behavior. Sexual behavior problems did not differ according to age and gender. However, the ID degree was significantly more severe in the group with sexual behavior problems. The rate of parents giving sexual education to their children was 18.9%, and the rate of having received sexual education by any professional for sexual behavior problems was 8.1%. Conclusion: Our results support the finding that adolescents with ID have a high risk of experiencing sexual behavior problems. In addition, it is clearly seen that there is a need for comprehensive sexual education and intervention for adolescents with ID and their families. Clinicians, psychologists, and teachers should all be aware of this.
Keywords: Intellectual disability, sexual behavior, sexuality, adolescent, sexual education

Kaynakça

  • 1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association, 2013.
  • 2. American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. Overview of intellectual disability: Definition, classifications and systems of support, 2010.
  • 3. McKenzie K, Milton M, Smith G, Ouellette-Kuntz H. Systematic Review of the Prevalence and Incidence of Intellectual Disabilities: Current Trends and Issues. Curr Dev Disord Rep. 2016;3:104-115. doi:10.1007/s40474-016-0085-7
  • 4. Miranda PSF, Aquino JMG, Monteiro RMPC, Dixe MDACR, Luz AMBD, Moleiro P. Sexual behaviors: study in the youth. Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2018;16(3):eAO4265. doi:10.1590/S1679-45082018AO4265
  • 5. Akrami L, Davudi M. Comparison of Behavioral and Sexual Problems between Intellectually Disabled and Normal Adolescent Boys during Puberty in Yazd, Iran. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2014;8(2):68-74.
  • 6. Hartini S, Nur Chamidah A, Siti Herini E. Sexual Behavior Problems in Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci [Internet]. 2021;9(F):163-70. doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.6016
  • 7. Goli S, Noroozi M, Salehi M. Parental Experiences about the Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescent Girls with Intellectual Disability: A Qualitative Study. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2020;25(3):254-259. doi:10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_258_19
  • 8. Madi B. Otistik ve Zihinsel Engellilerde Cinsel Gelişim ve Sorunları. Farklı Gelişen Çocuklar. Editör: Kulaksızoğlu A. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, 3. Basım. 2016. 245-249.
  • 9. Murphy NA, Elias ER. Sexuality of children and adolescents with developmental disabilities. Pediatrics. 2006;118(1):398-403. doi:10.1542/peds.2006-1115
  • 10. Holland-Hall C, Quint EH. Sexuality and Disability in Adolescents. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017;64(2):435-449. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2016.11.011
  • 11. Kellogg ND. Sexual behaviors in children: evaluation and management. Am Fam Physician. 2010;82(10):1233-1238.
  • 12. Friedrich WN, Fisher J, Broughton D, Houston M, Shafran CR. Normative sexual behavior in children: a contemporary sample. Pediatrics. 1998;101(4):E9. doi:10.1542/peds.101.4.e9
  • 13. Tsuda S, Hartini S, Hapsari ED, Takada S. Sex Education in Children and Adolescents With Disabilities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia From a Teachers' Gender Perspective. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2017;29(4):328-338. doi:10.1177/1010539517702716
  • 14. Almond L, Giles S. Young people with harmful sexual behaviour: Do those with learning disabilities form a distinct subgroup? J Sex Aggress. 2008;14(3):227-39. doi:10.1080/13552600802304909
  • 15. Eastgate G. Sex and intellectual disability--dealing with sexual health issues. Aust Fam Physician. 2011;40(4):188-191.
  • 16. Kassa TA, Luck T, Bekele A, Riedel-Heller SG. Sexual and reproductive health of young people with disability in Ethiopia: a study on knowledge, attitude and practice: a cross-sectional study. Global Health. 2016;12:5. doi:10.1186/s12992-016-0142-3
  • 17. Eastgate G, Scheermeyer E, van Driel ML, Lennox N. Intellectual disability, sexuality and sexual abuse prevention - a study of family members and support workers. Aust Fam Physician. 2012;41(3):135-139.
  • 18. Isler A, Beytut D, Tas F, Conk Z. A study on sexuality with the parents of adolescents with intellectual disability. Sex Disabil. 2009;27(4):229-37. doi:10.1007/s11195-009-9130-3
  • 19. Walsh A. Improve and care: Responding to inappropriate masturbation in people with severe intellectual disabilities. Sex Disabil. 2000;18(1):27-39.
  • 20. Cambridge P, Carnaby S, McCarthy M. Responding to Masturbation in Supporting Sexuality and Challenging Behaviour in Services for People with Learning Disabilities: A Practice and Research Overview. Journal of Learning Disabilities. 2003;7(3):251-266. doi:10.1177/14690047030073005
  • 21. Sharabi A, Margalit M. Virtual friendships and social distress among adolescents with and without learning disabilities: The subtyping approach. Eur J Spec Needs Educ. 2011;26:379–94.
  • 22. Alldred P, Fox N, Kulpa R. Engaging parents with sex and relationship education: A UK primary school case study. Health Educ J. 2016;75:855–8.
  • 23. Gurol A, Polat S, Oran T. Views of mothers having children with intellectual disability regarding sexual education: A qualitative study. Sex Disabil. 2014;32:123–33.
  • 24. Pownall JD, Jahoda A, Hastings RP. Sexuality and sex education of adolescents with intellectual disability: mothers' attitudes, experiences, and support needs. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2012;50(2):140- 154. doi:10.1352/1934-9556-50.2.140
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Sanem Nemmezi Karaca

Ayla Uzun Çiçek

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Nemmezi Karaca, S., & Uzun Çiçek, A. (2023). Zihinsel Engelliliği Olan Ergenlerde Cinsel Davranışların Değerlendirilmesi. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(3), 166-180.
AMA Nemmezi Karaca S, Uzun Çiçek A. Zihinsel Engelliliği Olan Ergenlerde Cinsel Davranışların Değerlendirilmesi. Gaziosmanpaşa Tıp Dergisi. Ocak 2023;14(3):166-180.
Chicago Nemmezi Karaca, Sanem, ve Ayla Uzun Çiçek. “Zihinsel Engelliliği Olan Ergenlerde Cinsel Davranışların Değerlendirilmesi”. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 14, sy. 3 (Ocak 2023): 166-80.
EndNote Nemmezi Karaca S, Uzun Çiçek A (01 Ocak 2023) Zihinsel Engelliliği Olan Ergenlerde Cinsel Davranışların Değerlendirilmesi. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 14 3 166–180.
IEEE S. Nemmezi Karaca ve A. Uzun Çiçek, “Zihinsel Engelliliği Olan Ergenlerde Cinsel Davranışların Değerlendirilmesi”, Gaziosmanpaşa Tıp Dergisi, c. 14, sy. 3, ss. 166–180, 2023.
ISNAD Nemmezi Karaca, Sanem - Uzun Çiçek, Ayla. “Zihinsel Engelliliği Olan Ergenlerde Cinsel Davranışların Değerlendirilmesi”. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 14/3 (Ocak 2023), 166-180.
JAMA Nemmezi Karaca S, Uzun Çiçek A. Zihinsel Engelliliği Olan Ergenlerde Cinsel Davranışların Değerlendirilmesi. Gaziosmanpaşa Tıp Dergisi. 2023;14:166–180.
MLA Nemmezi Karaca, Sanem ve Ayla Uzun Çiçek. “Zihinsel Engelliliği Olan Ergenlerde Cinsel Davranışların Değerlendirilmesi”. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 14, sy. 3, 2023, ss. 166-80.
Vancouver Nemmezi Karaca S, Uzun Çiçek A. Zihinsel Engelliliği Olan Ergenlerde Cinsel Davranışların Değerlendirilmesi. Gaziosmanpaşa Tıp Dergisi. 2023;14(3):166-80.

-