Araştırma Makalesi
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Soğuk Hava Testisin Dostu mu Düşmanı mı?

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3, 251 - 254, 24.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.1115094

Öz

Amaç: Testis torsiyonu (TT), testis ve spermatik kordun ekseni etrafında dönüşü ile karakterize akut skrotal ağrıya neden olan acil bir ürolojik patolojidir. Düşük hava sıcaklığının predispozan etkisini gösteren çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada TT’nin soğuk hava ile olan ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 2005-2021 yılları arasında İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Üroloji AD Çocuk Ürolojisi BD’na skrotal ağrıyla başvurup, muayene ve skrotal doppler ultrasonografi sonrası TT ön tanısıyla cerrahi eksplorasyon yapılan 75 erkek hastanın dosyası geriye dönük incelendi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması, başvuru tarihi, torsiyon tarafı ve yapılan girişimler kaydedildi. Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü’nden İstanbul ili için son 16 yılın aylık ortalama hava sıcaklığı değerleri alındı. Ortalama hava sıcaklığının en yüksek olduğu aydan en düşük olduğu aya doğru sıralama yapıldı. Sıcak ve soğuk aylar olarak iki gruba ayrıldı.
Bulgular: Hastalar cerrahi eksplorasyon esnasında ortalama 17.02 ± 0.78 yaşındaydı. Sağ testis torsiyonu 49 (%67,1), sol testis torsiyonu 23 (%31,5), bilateral torsiyon ise 1 (%1,4) hastada görüldü. Eksplore edilen hastaların 2’sinde ise (%2,6) TT olmadığı saptandı ve bu hastalar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Tüm olgularda intravaginal torsiyon vardı. Hastaların aylara göre dağılımı ve ayların ortalama sıcaklık değerleri Şekil 1’de gösterilmiştir. Son 16 yılın ortalama hava sıcaklığı Ağustos’ta 26,0°C ile en yüksek, Ocak’ta 6,9°C ile en düşüktü. Nisan - Eylül arası sıcak aylar, Ekim - Mart arası ise soğuk aylar olarak adlandırıldı. Sıcak ayların ortalama sıcaklığı 21,8°C iken, soğuk aylarınki 10,2°C idi. Sıcak aylarda 41 (%56,2), soğuk aylarda 32 (%43,8) hastada testis torsiyonu geliştiği saptandı. Hastaların 50’sine (%68,5) detorsiyon ve fiksasyon, 18’ine (%24,6) orşiektomi, 5’ine (%6,9) manuel detorsiyon yapıldı. Detorsiyon ve fiksasyon yapılan 6 (%8,2) hastada kontralateral orşiektomi geçmişi vardı.
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda literatürdeki düşük sıcaklıkta TT insidansının arttığına yönelik bilginin tersi ortaya konmuştur. Sıcaklığın yüksek olduğu 6 ayda TT nedeniyle başvurular daha fazladır. Ayrıca yaz tatilinde çocukların şehir dışına seyahat ettiği varsayılarak, sıcak aylarda hasta sayısının daha fazla olabileceği öngörülmüştür. Farklı bölgelerden çok merkezli çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Barada JH, Weingarten JL, Cromie WJ. Testicular salvage and age-related delay in the presentation of testicular torsion. J Urol 1989;142:746-748. google scholar
  • Srinivasan AK, Freyle J, Gitlin JS, Palmer LS. Climatic conditions and the risk of testicular torsion in adolescent males. J Urol 2007;178:2585-2588; discussion 2588. google scholar
  • Seng YJ, Moissinac K. Trauma induced testicular torsion: a reminder for the unwary. J Accid Emerg Med 2000;17:381-382. google scholar
  • Parker RM, Robison JR. Anatomy and diagnosis of torsion of the testicle. J Urol 1971;106:243-247. google scholar
  • Ferreira U, Netto Junior NR, Esteves SC, Rivero MA, Schirren C. Comparative study of the fertility potential of men with only one testis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1991;25:255-259. google scholar
  • Romeo C, Impellizzeri P, Arrigo T, Antonuccio P, Valenzise M, Mirabelli S, et al. Late hormonal function after testicular torsion. J Pediatr Surg 2010;45:411-413. google scholar
  • Korkes F, Cabral PR, Alves CD, Savioli ML, Pompeo AC. Testicular torsion and weather conditions: analysis of 21,289 cases in Brazil. Int Braz J Urol 2012;38:222-228; discussion 228-229. google scholar
  • Barnett AG. Turning temperature measures outside-in. Epidemiology 2015;26:e11-12. google scholar
  • Cuckow PM, Frank JD. Torsion of the testis. BJU Int 2000;86:349-353. google scholar
  • Cost NG, Bush NC, Barber TD, Huang R, Baker LA. Pediatric testicular torsion: demographics of national orchiopexy versus orchiectomy rates. J Urol 2011;185:2459-2463. google scholar
  • Chen JS, Lin YM, Yang WH. Diurnal temperature change is associated with testicular torsion: a nationwide, population based study in Taiwan. J Urol 2013;190:228-232. google scholar
  • Driscoll PA, Brume J, Meehan SE. Cold weather and testicular torsion. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1983;286:1751. google scholar
  • Hoshino H, Abe T, Watanabe H, Katsuoka Y, Kawamura N. [Correlation between atmospheric temperature and testicular torsion]. Hinyokika Kiyo 1993;39:1031-1033; discussion 1033-1034. google scholar
  • Preshaw RM. Seasonal frequency of testicular torsion. Can J Surg 1984;27:404-405. google scholar
  • Mabogunje OA. Testicular torsion and low relative humidity in a tropical country. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1986;292:363-364. google scholar
  • Karakan T, Bagcioglu M, Ozcan S, Telli O, Turgut H, Ozkan M, et al. Seasonal preponderance in testicular torsion: is it a myth? Arch Esp Urol 2015;68:750-754. google scholar
  • Williams CR, Heaven KJ, Joseph DB. Testicular torsion: is there a seasonal predilection for occurrence? Urology 2003;61:638-641; discussion 641. google scholar

Is Cold Weather Testicle’s Friend or Foe?

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3, 251 - 254, 24.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.1115094

Öz

Objective: Low air temperature has been shown to predispose testicular torsion (TT). In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship of TT occurrence with monthly average temperature.
Materials and Methods: The files of 75 male patients who were admitted with acute scrotum between 2005 and 2021 and underwent intervention with a preliminary diagnosis of TT after examination were retrospectively analyzed. The mean age, date of admission, torsion side and interventions were recorded. All patients underwent scrotal doppler ultrasonography. Further, monthly average temperature values of the given years for the province were obtained from the General Directorate of Meteorology. Months were ranked in descending order in terms of average monthly temperature and divided into two groups as warmer and colder months.
Results: The mean age of the patients at the time of intervention was 17.02±0.78 years. TT was seen on the right side in 49(67.1%) patients, left side in 23(31.5%) and bilateral in 1(1.4%) patient. Two (2.6%) patients turned out not to have TT and were excluded from the study. The warm months were those from April to September, and the cold months from October to March. It was determined that testicular torsion developed in 41 (56.2%) patients in the warm months and in 32 (43.8%) patients in the cold months. Detorsion and fixation were performed in 50(68.5%) of the patients, orchiectomy in18 (24.6%) and manual detorsion preceded by fixation in another session in 5 (6.9%) patients.
Conclusion: Our results indicated that TT may be observed more frequently in warm months. Thus, TT might not be related to seasonal temperature changes.

Kaynakça

  • Barada JH, Weingarten JL, Cromie WJ. Testicular salvage and age-related delay in the presentation of testicular torsion. J Urol 1989;142:746-748. google scholar
  • Srinivasan AK, Freyle J, Gitlin JS, Palmer LS. Climatic conditions and the risk of testicular torsion in adolescent males. J Urol 2007;178:2585-2588; discussion 2588. google scholar
  • Seng YJ, Moissinac K. Trauma induced testicular torsion: a reminder for the unwary. J Accid Emerg Med 2000;17:381-382. google scholar
  • Parker RM, Robison JR. Anatomy and diagnosis of torsion of the testicle. J Urol 1971;106:243-247. google scholar
  • Ferreira U, Netto Junior NR, Esteves SC, Rivero MA, Schirren C. Comparative study of the fertility potential of men with only one testis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1991;25:255-259. google scholar
  • Romeo C, Impellizzeri P, Arrigo T, Antonuccio P, Valenzise M, Mirabelli S, et al. Late hormonal function after testicular torsion. J Pediatr Surg 2010;45:411-413. google scholar
  • Korkes F, Cabral PR, Alves CD, Savioli ML, Pompeo AC. Testicular torsion and weather conditions: analysis of 21,289 cases in Brazil. Int Braz J Urol 2012;38:222-228; discussion 228-229. google scholar
  • Barnett AG. Turning temperature measures outside-in. Epidemiology 2015;26:e11-12. google scholar
  • Cuckow PM, Frank JD. Torsion of the testis. BJU Int 2000;86:349-353. google scholar
  • Cost NG, Bush NC, Barber TD, Huang R, Baker LA. Pediatric testicular torsion: demographics of national orchiopexy versus orchiectomy rates. J Urol 2011;185:2459-2463. google scholar
  • Chen JS, Lin YM, Yang WH. Diurnal temperature change is associated with testicular torsion: a nationwide, population based study in Taiwan. J Urol 2013;190:228-232. google scholar
  • Driscoll PA, Brume J, Meehan SE. Cold weather and testicular torsion. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1983;286:1751. google scholar
  • Hoshino H, Abe T, Watanabe H, Katsuoka Y, Kawamura N. [Correlation between atmospheric temperature and testicular torsion]. Hinyokika Kiyo 1993;39:1031-1033; discussion 1033-1034. google scholar
  • Preshaw RM. Seasonal frequency of testicular torsion. Can J Surg 1984;27:404-405. google scholar
  • Mabogunje OA. Testicular torsion and low relative humidity in a tropical country. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1986;292:363-364. google scholar
  • Karakan T, Bagcioglu M, Ozcan S, Telli O, Turgut H, Ozkan M, et al. Seasonal preponderance in testicular torsion: is it a myth? Arch Esp Urol 2015;68:750-754. google scholar
  • Williams CR, Heaven KJ, Joseph DB. Testicular torsion: is there a seasonal predilection for occurrence? Urology 2003;61:638-641; discussion 641. google scholar
Toplam 17 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Erdem Özatman 0000-0002-9405-3597

Rifat Burak Ergül 0000-0001-6262-9582

Reşat Aydın 0000-0002-1581-8476

Muhammet İrfan Dönmez 0000-0002-2828-7942

Tayfun Oktar 0000-0001-7719-2440

Hasan Orhan Ziylan 0000-0001-9900-9301

İsmet Nane 0000-0002-5079-1221

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Ekim 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Özatman, E., Ergül, R. B., Aydın, R., Dönmez, M. İ., vd. (2023). Is Cold Weather Testicle’s Friend or Foe?. Journal of Child, 23(3), 251-254. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.1115094
AMA Özatman E, Ergül RB, Aydın R, Dönmez Mİ, Oktar T, Ziylan HO, Nane İ. Is Cold Weather Testicle’s Friend or Foe?. Journal of Child. Ekim 2023;23(3):251-254. doi:10.26650/jchild.2023.1115094
Chicago Özatman, Erdem, Rifat Burak Ergül, Reşat Aydın, Muhammet İrfan Dönmez, Tayfun Oktar, Hasan Orhan Ziylan, ve İsmet Nane. “Is Cold Weather Testicle’s Friend or Foe?”. Journal of Child 23, sy. 3 (Ekim 2023): 251-54. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.1115094.
EndNote Özatman E, Ergül RB, Aydın R, Dönmez Mİ, Oktar T, Ziylan HO, Nane İ (01 Ekim 2023) Is Cold Weather Testicle’s Friend or Foe?. Journal of Child 23 3 251–254.
IEEE E. Özatman, “Is Cold Weather Testicle’s Friend or Foe?”, Journal of Child, c. 23, sy. 3, ss. 251–254, 2023, doi: 10.26650/jchild.2023.1115094.
ISNAD Özatman, Erdem vd. “Is Cold Weather Testicle’s Friend or Foe?”. Journal of Child 23/3 (Ekim 2023), 251-254. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.1115094.
JAMA Özatman E, Ergül RB, Aydın R, Dönmez Mİ, Oktar T, Ziylan HO, Nane İ. Is Cold Weather Testicle’s Friend or Foe?. Journal of Child. 2023;23:251–254.
MLA Özatman, Erdem vd. “Is Cold Weather Testicle’s Friend or Foe?”. Journal of Child, c. 23, sy. 3, 2023, ss. 251-4, doi:10.26650/jchild.2023.1115094.
Vancouver Özatman E, Ergül RB, Aydın R, Dönmez Mİ, Oktar T, Ziylan HO, Nane İ. Is Cold Weather Testicle’s Friend or Foe?. Journal of Child. 2023;23(3):251-4.