Investigation of relationship between pain severity and body image, self-esteem, depression, and functional level in patients with early and late stage osteoarthritis: a pilot study
Öz
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between pain severity and body image, self-esteem,
depression and functional level in patients with early and late stage hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods: Fifty-five knee and hip OA patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups as early stage
and late stage according to Kellgren Lawrence criteria. The severity of pain was determined with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
and the Catastrophic Pain Scale (CPS), Body perceptions with the Body Perception Scale (BPS), self-esteem with the Rosenberg
Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the presence and levels of depression with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), functional levels
were evaluated with the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG).
Results: The findings of the study showed that all patients with OA had decreased body perceptions and self-esteem and had
minimal depression. There was a statistically significant difference in pain severity and functional level between early and late
stage OA patients (p<0.001). In early stage OA patients, there was a positive low level relationship between and CPS and BPS
(p=0.016). No correlation was found between the CPS and assessment scales in patients with late stage OA.
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the severity of pain and functional level were adversely affected with the
progression of the radiological stage of the disease. In addition, it was thought that pain severity in patients with OA may affect
body perception due to the negative psychosomatic effects of early onset of the disease.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Osteoarthritis Pain Body perception Functionality Self-esteem
Kaynakça
- 1. Altındağ Ö, Sırmatel Ö, Tabur H. Demographic characteristics and relation with clinical parameters in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2016;3:62-66.
- 2. Sayaca C, Kocabey Y, Cicek EI. Osteoarthritis and Proprioception. In: Proprioception in Orthopaedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation. Kaya D, Yosmaoglu B, Doral MN eds. Springer; 2018:175-188.
- 3. Juhakoski R, Tenhonen S, Anttonen T, et al. Self-reported pain and factors affecting physical function in patients with hip osteoarthritis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008;89:1066-1073.
- 4. Başaran S, Güzel R, Seydaoğlu G, et al. Diz ve kalça osteoartritli hastalarda radyolojik evrenin fonksiyonel durum ve klinik parametrelerle ilişkisi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2009;29:115-122.
- 5. Slade P. What is body image? Behav Res Ther 1994;32:497.
- 6. Kurt E, Özdilli K, Yorulmaz H. Body image and self-esteem in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2013;50:202-208.
- 7. Jorge RT, Brumini C, Jones A, et al. Body image in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheum. 2010;20:491-495.
- 8. Monaghan SM, Sharpe L, Denton F, et al. Relationship between appearance and psychological distress in rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:303-309.
- 9. Nosek MA, Fuhrer MJ, Potter C. Life satisfaction of people with physical disabilities. relationship to personal assistance, disability status, and handicap. Rehabilitation Psychology. 1995;40:191-202.
- 10. Skevington SM, Blackwell F, Britton NF. Self-esteem and perception of attractiveness: an investigation of early rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Med Psychol. 1987;60:45-52.
- 11. Kellgren JH, Lawrence JS. Radiological assessment of osteo-arthrosis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1957;16:494-502.
- 12. Freyd M. The graphic rating scale. J Educ Psychol. 1923;14:83-102.
- 13. Sullivan MJ, Bishop SR, Pivik J. The pain catastrophizing scale: development and validation. Psychol Assess.1995;7:524-532.
- 14. Yaray O, Akesen B, Ocaklioğlu G, et al. Validation of the Turkish version of the visual analog scale spine score in patients with spinal fractures. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2011;45:353-358.
- 15. Ugurlu M, Karakas Ugurlu G, Erten S, et al. Validity of Turkish form of Pain Catastrophizing Scale and modeling of the relationship between pain-related disability with pain intensity, cognitive, and emotional factors. Psychiatry and Clin Psychopharmacology. 2017;27:189-196.
- 16. Hovardaoğlu S. Vücut Algısı Ölçeği. Psikiyatri, Psikoloji, Psikofarmakoloji Dergisi (3P). Testler Özel Eki. 1992;1:26-27.
- 17. Rosenberg M. Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press. p. 326. Princeton: N.J.;1965.
- 18. Çuhadaroğlu F. Gençlerde benlik saygısı ile ilgili bir araştırma. XXI, Ulusal Psikiyatri ve Nöroloji Bilimleri Kongresi; 1985; Mersin, Türkiye.
- 19. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, et al. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4:561-571.
- 20. Hisli N. Beck Depresyon Envanteri'nin geçerliği üzerine bir çalışma. Psikoloji Dergisi. 1988;6:118-122.
- 21. Yakut E, Vardar Yağlı N, Akdoğan A, et al. Diz osteoartriti olan hastalarda Pilates egzersizlerinin rolü: bir pilot çalışma. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon. 2006;17:51-60.
- 22. Sharma L. Osteoarthritis year in review 2015: clinical. Osteoarthr Cartilage. 2016;24:36-48.
- 23. Cesare PE, Abramson SB. Osteoartrit Patogenezi. İç: Dinçer F, editör. Kelley Romatol. 1493-1513.
- 24. Lethbridge-Cejku M, Scott WW Jr, Reichle R, et al. Association of radiographic features of osteoarthritis of the knee with knee pain: data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Arthritis Care Res. 1995;8:182-188.
- 25. Davis MA, Ettinger WH, Neuhaus JM, et al. Correlates of knee pain among US adults with and without radiographic knee osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol. 1992;19:1943-1949.
- 26. Atamaz F, Hepgüler S, Öncü J. Diz Osteoartritinde Ağrı ve Özürlülükle İlişkili Faktörler. Türk Fiz Tıp Rehab Derg. 2006;52:119-122.
- 27. Dere D, Paker N, Soy Buğdaycı D, et al. Osteoartritli ve aşırı kilolu veya obez kadınlarda vücut kitle indeksinin total diz artroplastisi sonrası fonksiyonel iyileşme üzerine etkisi. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2014;48:117-121.
- 28. Miller M, Rejeski WJ, Messier SP, et al. Modifiers of change in physical functioning in older adults with knee pain: the observational arthritis study in seniors (OASIS). Arthritis Rheum. 2001;45:331-339.
- 29. Duncan R, Peat G, Thomas E, et al. Symptoms and radiographic osteoarthritis: not as discordant as they are made out to be? Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66:86-91.
- 30. Riddle DL, Stratford PW. Unilateral vs bilateral symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: associations between pain intensity and function. Rheumatology. 2013;52:2229-2237.
- 31. Tuna S, Balcı N. The relationship between radiological severity and functional status in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2014;33:667-670.
- 32. Smith GR. The epidemiology and treatment of depression when it co-exists with somatoform disorders, somatization or pain. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1992;14:265-272.
- 33. Averill PM, Novy DM, Nelson DV, et al. Correlates of depression in chronic pain patients: a comprehensive examination. Pain. 1996;65:93-100.
- 34. Keefe FJ, Lefebvre JC, Egert JR, et al. The relationship of gender to pain, pain behavior and disability in osteoarthritis patients: the role of catastrophizing. Pain. 2000;87:325-334.
- 35. Klinger R, Stuhlreyer J, Schmitz J. Psychological factors in the context of perioperative knee and joint pain: the role of treatment expectations in pain evolvement. Schmerz. 2019;33:13-21.
- 36. Vamos M. Body image in chronic illness- a reconceptualization. Int J Psychiatry Med. 1993;23:163-178.
- 37. Monaghan SM, Sharpe L, Denton F, et al. Relationship between appearance and psychological distress in rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:303-309.
- 38. Van Lankveld W, Näring G, van der Staak C, et al. Stress caused by rheumatoid arthritis: relation among subjective stressors of the disease, disease status and well-being. J Behav Med. 1993;16:309-321.
Erken ve geç evre osteoartritli hastalarda ağrı şiddeti ile beden algısı, benlik saygısı, depresyon ve fonksiyonel düzey arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi: pilot çalışma
Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışma, erken ve geç evre kalça ve diz osteoartrit (OA) tanılı hastalarda, ağrı şiddeti ile beden algısı, benlik saygısı,
depresyon ve fonksiyonel düzey arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla planlandı.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya diz ve kalça OA tanılı 55 gönüllü hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar, Kellgren Lawrence ölçütlerine göre erken evre
ve geç evre olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Hastaların ağrı şiddetleri Görsel Analog Ölçeği (GAÖ) ve Katastrofik Ağrı Ölçeği (KAÖ)
ile, beden algıları Vücut Algısı Ölçeği (VAÖ) ile, benlik saygıları Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği (RBSÖ) ile, ruhsal durumları
Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) ile ve fonksiyonel düzeyleri Zamanlı Kalk Yürü Testi (ZKYT) ile değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışma bulguları, tüm OA’lı hastaların beden algılarının ve benlik saygılarının azaldığını, minimal seviyede
depresyonlarının olduğunu gösterdi. Erken evre ve geç evre OA’lı hastalar arasında ağrı şiddeti ve fonksiyonel düzey bakımından
istatistiki fark bulundu (p<0.001). Erken evre OA’lı hastalarda, KAÖ ile VAÖ arasında pozitif yönlü düşük düzeyde bir ilişki olduğu
(p=0.016) görüldü. Geç evre OA’lı hastalarda, KAÖ ile değerlendirme ölçekleri arasında bir ilişki bulunmadı.
Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçları, hastalığın radyolojik evresinin ilerlemesiyle ağrı şiddetinin arttığını ve fonksiyonel düzeyin olumsuz
etkilendiğini gösterdi. Ayrıca OA’lı hastalarda, ağrı şiddetinin hastalığın erken döneminden itibaren yarattığı olumsuz
psikosomatik etkileri nedeniyle beden algısını etkileyebileceği düşünüldü.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Altındağ Ö, Sırmatel Ö, Tabur H. Demographic characteristics and relation with clinical parameters in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2016;3:62-66.
- 2. Sayaca C, Kocabey Y, Cicek EI. Osteoarthritis and Proprioception. In: Proprioception in Orthopaedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation. Kaya D, Yosmaoglu B, Doral MN eds. Springer; 2018:175-188.
- 3. Juhakoski R, Tenhonen S, Anttonen T, et al. Self-reported pain and factors affecting physical function in patients with hip osteoarthritis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008;89:1066-1073.
- 4. Başaran S, Güzel R, Seydaoğlu G, et al. Diz ve kalça osteoartritli hastalarda radyolojik evrenin fonksiyonel durum ve klinik parametrelerle ilişkisi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2009;29:115-122.
- 5. Slade P. What is body image? Behav Res Ther 1994;32:497.
- 6. Kurt E, Özdilli K, Yorulmaz H. Body image and self-esteem in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2013;50:202-208.
- 7. Jorge RT, Brumini C, Jones A, et al. Body image in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheum. 2010;20:491-495.
- 8. Monaghan SM, Sharpe L, Denton F, et al. Relationship between appearance and psychological distress in rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:303-309.
- 9. Nosek MA, Fuhrer MJ, Potter C. Life satisfaction of people with physical disabilities. relationship to personal assistance, disability status, and handicap. Rehabilitation Psychology. 1995;40:191-202.
- 10. Skevington SM, Blackwell F, Britton NF. Self-esteem and perception of attractiveness: an investigation of early rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Med Psychol. 1987;60:45-52.
- 11. Kellgren JH, Lawrence JS. Radiological assessment of osteo-arthrosis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1957;16:494-502.
- 12. Freyd M. The graphic rating scale. J Educ Psychol. 1923;14:83-102.
- 13. Sullivan MJ, Bishop SR, Pivik J. The pain catastrophizing scale: development and validation. Psychol Assess.1995;7:524-532.
- 14. Yaray O, Akesen B, Ocaklioğlu G, et al. Validation of the Turkish version of the visual analog scale spine score in patients with spinal fractures. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2011;45:353-358.
- 15. Ugurlu M, Karakas Ugurlu G, Erten S, et al. Validity of Turkish form of Pain Catastrophizing Scale and modeling of the relationship between pain-related disability with pain intensity, cognitive, and emotional factors. Psychiatry and Clin Psychopharmacology. 2017;27:189-196.
- 16. Hovardaoğlu S. Vücut Algısı Ölçeği. Psikiyatri, Psikoloji, Psikofarmakoloji Dergisi (3P). Testler Özel Eki. 1992;1:26-27.
- 17. Rosenberg M. Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press. p. 326. Princeton: N.J.;1965.
- 18. Çuhadaroğlu F. Gençlerde benlik saygısı ile ilgili bir araştırma. XXI, Ulusal Psikiyatri ve Nöroloji Bilimleri Kongresi; 1985; Mersin, Türkiye.
- 19. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, et al. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4:561-571.
- 20. Hisli N. Beck Depresyon Envanteri'nin geçerliği üzerine bir çalışma. Psikoloji Dergisi. 1988;6:118-122.
- 21. Yakut E, Vardar Yağlı N, Akdoğan A, et al. Diz osteoartriti olan hastalarda Pilates egzersizlerinin rolü: bir pilot çalışma. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon. 2006;17:51-60.
- 22. Sharma L. Osteoarthritis year in review 2015: clinical. Osteoarthr Cartilage. 2016;24:36-48.
- 23. Cesare PE, Abramson SB. Osteoartrit Patogenezi. İç: Dinçer F, editör. Kelley Romatol. 1493-1513.
- 24. Lethbridge-Cejku M, Scott WW Jr, Reichle R, et al. Association of radiographic features of osteoarthritis of the knee with knee pain: data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Arthritis Care Res. 1995;8:182-188.
- 25. Davis MA, Ettinger WH, Neuhaus JM, et al. Correlates of knee pain among US adults with and without radiographic knee osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol. 1992;19:1943-1949.
- 26. Atamaz F, Hepgüler S, Öncü J. Diz Osteoartritinde Ağrı ve Özürlülükle İlişkili Faktörler. Türk Fiz Tıp Rehab Derg. 2006;52:119-122.
- 27. Dere D, Paker N, Soy Buğdaycı D, et al. Osteoartritli ve aşırı kilolu veya obez kadınlarda vücut kitle indeksinin total diz artroplastisi sonrası fonksiyonel iyileşme üzerine etkisi. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2014;48:117-121.
- 28. Miller M, Rejeski WJ, Messier SP, et al. Modifiers of change in physical functioning in older adults with knee pain: the observational arthritis study in seniors (OASIS). Arthritis Rheum. 2001;45:331-339.
- 29. Duncan R, Peat G, Thomas E, et al. Symptoms and radiographic osteoarthritis: not as discordant as they are made out to be? Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66:86-91.
- 30. Riddle DL, Stratford PW. Unilateral vs bilateral symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: associations between pain intensity and function. Rheumatology. 2013;52:2229-2237.
- 31. Tuna S, Balcı N. The relationship between radiological severity and functional status in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2014;33:667-670.
- 32. Smith GR. The epidemiology and treatment of depression when it co-exists with somatoform disorders, somatization or pain. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1992;14:265-272.
- 33. Averill PM, Novy DM, Nelson DV, et al. Correlates of depression in chronic pain patients: a comprehensive examination. Pain. 1996;65:93-100.
- 34. Keefe FJ, Lefebvre JC, Egert JR, et al. The relationship of gender to pain, pain behavior and disability in osteoarthritis patients: the role of catastrophizing. Pain. 2000;87:325-334.
- 35. Klinger R, Stuhlreyer J, Schmitz J. Psychological factors in the context of perioperative knee and joint pain: the role of treatment expectations in pain evolvement. Schmerz. 2019;33:13-21.
- 36. Vamos M. Body image in chronic illness- a reconceptualization. Int J Psychiatry Med. 1993;23:163-178.
- 37. Monaghan SM, Sharpe L, Denton F, et al. Relationship between appearance and psychological distress in rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:303-309.
- 38. Van Lankveld W, Näring G, van der Staak C, et al. Stress caused by rheumatoid arthritis: relation among subjective stressors of the disease, disease status and well-being. J Behav Med. 1993;16:309-321.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 10 Ocak 2020 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 4 Mayıs 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3 |
