Bakır Alaşım Takviyesinin Polietilen ve Polipropilen Polimerlerinin Mekanik ve Mikrobiyal Özelliklerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Öz
Polimer malzemeler kolay şekillendirilmeleri, geri dönüşümleri, yeniden kullanımları ve güçlü karakteristik özellikleri ile uygun maliyetli olmaları nedenleriyle otomotiv, makine, havacılık ve medikal gibi birçok sektörde kullanılmaktadır. Polimer malzemelerin termal, mekanik ve elektriksel iletkenlik gibi özellikleri, bu malzemelerin polimer-metal, polimer-polimer, polimer-lif kompozitleri olarak kullanılmasıyla geliştirilmiştir. Bu polimer kompozitleri birçok özel uygulamada kullanmak için tercih edilir. Bakır ve gümüş gibi metaller, antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip metaller olarak bilinir. Bu nedenle çeşitli antibakteriyel uygulamalarda kullanılırlar. Bununla birlikte, bu metallerin nispeten yüksek maliyeti kullanımlarını sınırlar. Bu çalışmada, sağlık sektöründe yaygın olarak kullanılan Polietilen ve Polipropilen matrisin mekanik ve antibakteriyel özelliklerine belirli oranlarda bakır alaşımlı tozların eklenmesinin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Matris olarak polietilen ve polipropilen kullanılmıştır. Takviye bakır alaşım bakır-krom-zirkonyum (CuCrZr) toz partikülleri ağrılıkça %0.5-1-3 ve 5 oranında eklenmiştir. Malzemeler çift vidalı ekstürüderde karıştırılarak granül haline getirilmiştir. Daha sonra enjeksiyon makinası ile test numuneleri basılmıştır. Kalıplanan numunelere; çekme, sertlik, darbe, yoğunluk ve antimikrobiyal testler yapılmıştır. Testlerin
Anahtar Kelimeler
Polietilen • Polipropilen • Bakır tozu • Antimikrobiyal etki
Destekleyen Kurum
Marmara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Ofisi tarafından desteklenmiştir.
Proje Numarası
FYL-2022-10444
Teşekkür
Sağlam Metal San. ve Tic. A.Ş.’de destekleri için teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
- ASTM D256 - Izod Pendulum Impact Resistanve of Plastic
- ASTM D638 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
- ASTM D2240 - Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Durometer Hardness
- ISO 2781- Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic-Determination of density
- ISO 22196 - Measurement of antibacterial activity on plastics and other non-porous surfaces
- Berlin AA, Volfson SA, Enikolopian SS, Negmatov SS, 1986. Principles of Polymer Composites (Polymer-Properties and Applications, 10). Springer Verlag, Berlin.
- Brostow W, Buchman A, Buchman E, Olea-Meija O, 2008. Microhybrids of Metal Powder Incorporated in Polymeric Matrices: Friction, Mechanical Behavior, and Microstructure. Polymer Engineering & science, 48(10): 1977-1981.
- Cheang P, Khor KA, 2003. Effect of Particulate Morphology on the Tensile Behaviour of Holymer-hydroxyapatite Composites. Materials Science and Engineering A., 345(1-2): 47-57.
- Damm C, Munstedt H, Rosch A, 2008. The Antimicrobial Efficacy of Polyamide 6/Silver-Nano and Microcomposites. Mateterials Chemistry Physics, 108: 61–66.
- Delgado K, Quijada R, Palma R, Palza H, 2011. Polypropylene with Embedded Copper Metal or Copper Oxide Nanoparticles as a Novel Plastic Antimicrobial Agent. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 53(1): 50-54.
- Gülsoy HÖ, Taşdemir M, 2007. Physical and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Reinforced with Fe Particles. International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials, 55 (8): 619-626.
- Gülsoy Ö, Taşdemir M, 2007. The Effect of Bronze Particles on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymer. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials, 46(8): 789-793.
- Hu LX, Hu SF, Rao M, Yang J, Lei H, Duan Z, Zhu C, 2018. Studies of Acute and Subchronic Systemic Toxicity Associated with a Copper/Low-Density Polyethylene Nanocomposite Intrauterine Device. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 13: 4913-4926.
- Kenawy ER, Worley SD, Broughton R, 2007. The Chemistry and Applications of Antimicrobial Polymers: A State of the Art Review. Biomacromolecules, 8(5):1359-1384.
- Kilik R, Davies R, 1989. Mechanical Properties of Adhesive Filled with Metal Powders. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 9 (4): 224-228.
- Kuleznev VN, 2013. Polymer Mixtures and Alloys: Lecture Notes. Nauchnye Osnovyi Tekhnologii, Saint Petersburg.
- Mamunya YP, Zois H, Apekis L, Lebedev EV, 2004. Influence of Pressure on the Electrical Conductivity of Metal Powders Used as Fillers in Polymer Composites. Powder Technology, 140: 49-55.
- Paharenko VA, Zverlin VG, Kirienko EM, 1986. Filled Thermoplastics, Tehnika, Kiev.
- Prorokova NP, Vavilova SY, Biryukova MI, Yurkov GY, Buznik VM, 2014. Modification of Polypropylene Filaments with Metal Containing Nanoparticles Immobilized in a Polyethylene Matrix. Nanotechnologies in Russia, 9(9):533-540.
- Rozanska A, Chmielarczyk A, Romaniszyn D, Bulanda M, Walkowicz M, Osuch P, Knych T, 2017. Antibiotic Resistance, Ability to Form Biofilm and Susceptibility to Copper Alloys of Selected Staphylococcal Strains Isolated from Touch Surfaces in Polish Hospital Wards. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 6(1):1-12.
- Rusu M, Sofian NM, Rusu DL, 2001. Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Zinc Powder Filled High Density Polyethylene Polymer Composites. Polymer Testing, 20(4):409-417.
- Rusu M, Sofian NM, Rusu DL, 1999. Proceedings of the International Monference on Materials Science, vol. IV: Non-Metallic Materials and Enviromental Protection, Brasov, February, 93–96.
- Sharma RK, Agarwal M, Balani K, 2016. Effect of ZnO Morphology on Affecting Bactericidal Property of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Biocomposite. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 62: 843-851.
- Steinhauer K, Meyer S, Pfannebecker J, Teckemeyer K, Ockenfeld K, Weber K, Becker B, 2018. Antimicrobial Efficacy and Compatibility of Solid Copper Alloys with Chemical Disinfectants. Plos One, 13(8):1-14.
- Schmidt MG, Tuuri RE, Dharsee A, Attaway HH, Fairey SE, Borg KT, Hirsch BE, 2017. Antimicrobial Copper Alloys Decreased Bacteria on Stethoscope Surfaces. American Journal of Infection Control, 45(6):642-647.
- Tang Y, Xia X, Wang Y, Xie C, 2011. Study on the Mechanical Properties of Cu/LDPE Composite IUDs. Contraception, 83(3):255-262.
- Taşdemir M, Gülsoy HÖ, 2006. Physical and Mechanical Properties of Iron Powder Filled Polystyrene Composites. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials, 45(11):1207-1211.
- Taşdemir M, Gülsoy Ö, 2008. Mechanical Properties of Polymers Filled With Iron Powder. International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials, 57(3):258-265.
- Tavman IH, 1997. Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Copper Powder Filled Poly(ethylene) Composites. Powder Tehnology, 91(1): 63-67.
- Zgalat-Lozynskyy OB, Matviichuk OO, Tolochyn OI, Ievdokymova OV, Zgalat-Lozynska NO, Zakiev VI, 2021. Polymer Materials Reinforced with Silicon Nitride Particles for 3D Printing. Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 59(9): 515-527.
- Zhang W, Zhang YH, Ji JH, Zhao J, Yan Q, Chu PK, 2006. Antimicrobial Properties of Copper Plasma-Modified Polyethylene. Polymer, 47(21):7441-7445.
- Zhu K, Schmauder S, 2003. Prediction of the Failure Properties of Short Fiber Reinforced Composites with Metal and Polymer Matrix. Computational Materials Science, 28(3-4):743-748. .
Investigation of the Effect of Copper Alloy Reinforcement on Mechanical and Microbial Properties of Polyethylene and Polypropylene Polymers
Öz
Polymer materials are used in many sectors such as automotive, machinery, aviation and medical due to their easy forming, recycling, reuse and strong characteristic properties with their affordable cost. The properties of polymer materials such as thermal, mechanical and electrical conductivity can be improved by using these materials as polymer-metal, polymer-polymer, polymer-fiber composites. This makes polymer composites the preferred material for many specific applications. Metals such as copper and silver are known as metals with antibacterial properties. Therefore, they are used in various antibacterial applications. However, the relatively high cost of these metals limits their use. In this study, the effect of the addition of some copper alloy powders in specific ratios to the antibacterial properties of Polyethylene and Polypropylene matrix, which are used extensively in the health sector, was investigated. Polyethylene and polypropylene were used as matrix materials. Reinforced copper alloy copper-chrome-zirconium (CuCrZr) powder particles were added at a rate of 0.5-1-3 and 5% by machine. Molded samples; Tensile, hardness, impact, density and antimicrobial tests were performed. The results of the tests were examined and the effects of copper alloy amount on polyethylene and polypropylene were determined.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Polyethylene • Polyprpylene • Copper powder • Antimicrobial effect
Proje Numarası
FYL-2022-10444
Kaynakça
- ASTM D256 - Izod Pendulum Impact Resistanve of Plastic
- ASTM D638 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
- ASTM D2240 - Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Durometer Hardness
- ISO 2781- Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic-Determination of density
- ISO 22196 - Measurement of antibacterial activity on plastics and other non-porous surfaces
- Berlin AA, Volfson SA, Enikolopian SS, Negmatov SS, 1986. Principles of Polymer Composites (Polymer-Properties and Applications, 10). Springer Verlag, Berlin.
- Brostow W, Buchman A, Buchman E, Olea-Meija O, 2008. Microhybrids of Metal Powder Incorporated in Polymeric Matrices: Friction, Mechanical Behavior, and Microstructure. Polymer Engineering & science, 48(10): 1977-1981.
- Cheang P, Khor KA, 2003. Effect of Particulate Morphology on the Tensile Behaviour of Holymer-hydroxyapatite Composites. Materials Science and Engineering A., 345(1-2): 47-57.
- Damm C, Munstedt H, Rosch A, 2008. The Antimicrobial Efficacy of Polyamide 6/Silver-Nano and Microcomposites. Mateterials Chemistry Physics, 108: 61–66.
- Delgado K, Quijada R, Palma R, Palza H, 2011. Polypropylene with Embedded Copper Metal or Copper Oxide Nanoparticles as a Novel Plastic Antimicrobial Agent. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 53(1): 50-54.
- Gülsoy HÖ, Taşdemir M, 2007. Physical and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Reinforced with Fe Particles. International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials, 55 (8): 619-626.
- Gülsoy Ö, Taşdemir M, 2007. The Effect of Bronze Particles on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymer. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials, 46(8): 789-793.
- Hu LX, Hu SF, Rao M, Yang J, Lei H, Duan Z, Zhu C, 2018. Studies of Acute and Subchronic Systemic Toxicity Associated with a Copper/Low-Density Polyethylene Nanocomposite Intrauterine Device. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 13: 4913-4926.
- Kenawy ER, Worley SD, Broughton R, 2007. The Chemistry and Applications of Antimicrobial Polymers: A State of the Art Review. Biomacromolecules, 8(5):1359-1384.
- Kilik R, Davies R, 1989. Mechanical Properties of Adhesive Filled with Metal Powders. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 9 (4): 224-228.
- Kuleznev VN, 2013. Polymer Mixtures and Alloys: Lecture Notes. Nauchnye Osnovyi Tekhnologii, Saint Petersburg.
- Mamunya YP, Zois H, Apekis L, Lebedev EV, 2004. Influence of Pressure on the Electrical Conductivity of Metal Powders Used as Fillers in Polymer Composites. Powder Technology, 140: 49-55.
- Paharenko VA, Zverlin VG, Kirienko EM, 1986. Filled Thermoplastics, Tehnika, Kiev.
- Prorokova NP, Vavilova SY, Biryukova MI, Yurkov GY, Buznik VM, 2014. Modification of Polypropylene Filaments with Metal Containing Nanoparticles Immobilized in a Polyethylene Matrix. Nanotechnologies in Russia, 9(9):533-540.
- Rozanska A, Chmielarczyk A, Romaniszyn D, Bulanda M, Walkowicz M, Osuch P, Knych T, 2017. Antibiotic Resistance, Ability to Form Biofilm and Susceptibility to Copper Alloys of Selected Staphylococcal Strains Isolated from Touch Surfaces in Polish Hospital Wards. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 6(1):1-12.
- Rusu M, Sofian NM, Rusu DL, 2001. Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Zinc Powder Filled High Density Polyethylene Polymer Composites. Polymer Testing, 20(4):409-417.
- Rusu M, Sofian NM, Rusu DL, 1999. Proceedings of the International Monference on Materials Science, vol. IV: Non-Metallic Materials and Enviromental Protection, Brasov, February, 93–96.
- Sharma RK, Agarwal M, Balani K, 2016. Effect of ZnO Morphology on Affecting Bactericidal Property of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Biocomposite. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 62: 843-851.
- Steinhauer K, Meyer S, Pfannebecker J, Teckemeyer K, Ockenfeld K, Weber K, Becker B, 2018. Antimicrobial Efficacy and Compatibility of Solid Copper Alloys with Chemical Disinfectants. Plos One, 13(8):1-14.
- Schmidt MG, Tuuri RE, Dharsee A, Attaway HH, Fairey SE, Borg KT, Hirsch BE, 2017. Antimicrobial Copper Alloys Decreased Bacteria on Stethoscope Surfaces. American Journal of Infection Control, 45(6):642-647.
- Tang Y, Xia X, Wang Y, Xie C, 2011. Study on the Mechanical Properties of Cu/LDPE Composite IUDs. Contraception, 83(3):255-262.
- Taşdemir M, Gülsoy HÖ, 2006. Physical and Mechanical Properties of Iron Powder Filled Polystyrene Composites. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials, 45(11):1207-1211.
- Taşdemir M, Gülsoy Ö, 2008. Mechanical Properties of Polymers Filled With Iron Powder. International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials, 57(3):258-265.
- Tavman IH, 1997. Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Copper Powder Filled Poly(ethylene) Composites. Powder Tehnology, 91(1): 63-67.
- Zgalat-Lozynskyy OB, Matviichuk OO, Tolochyn OI, Ievdokymova OV, Zgalat-Lozynska NO, Zakiev VI, 2021. Polymer Materials Reinforced with Silicon Nitride Particles for 3D Printing. Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 59(9): 515-527.
- Zhang W, Zhang YH, Ji JH, Zhao J, Yan Q, Chu PK, 2006. Antimicrobial Properties of Copper Plasma-Modified Polyethylene. Polymer, 47(21):7441-7445.
- Zhu K, Schmauder S, 2003. Prediction of the Failure Properties of Short Fiber Reinforced Composites with Metal and Polymer Matrix. Computational Materials Science, 28(3-4):743-748. .
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Mühendislik |
| Bölüm | Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | FYL-2022-10444 |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 27 Mayıs 2023 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Haziran 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 1 Ekim 2022 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 16 Mart 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2 |
