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Diş Hekimliği Lisans Öğrencilerinin Sigara İçme Sıklığı, Tutum ve Davranışları ile Genel Öz-yeterliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 45 Sayı: 5, 772 - 780, 27.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1343710

Öz

Hekimler tütün kullanımının azaltılmasında çok önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Ayrıca birçok çalışma, doktorların sigara içme prevalansının yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Diş hekimliği öğrencileri, sigara ve tütün ürünlerinin genel sağlık üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri ile sistemik ve ağız hastalıklarına neden olma riskleri konusunda farklı düzeylerde eğitim almaktadırlar. Bu çalışma, diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin sigara içme prevalansını, sigaraya karşı tutumlarını, sigara bağımlılığı tedavileri hakkındaki bilgilerini ve genel öz-yeterliliklerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Dijital bir platform kullanılarak anket formu oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmada kullanılan anket aracı iki ayrı bölümden oluşmaktadır: 1. Küresel Sağlık Profesyonelleri Öğrenci Anketi (GHPSS), 2. Genel Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeği. Çalışmaya 260 diş hekimliği öğrencisi dâhil edilmiştir. Sigara içme sıklığı 3. sınıf için %24.7, 4. sınıf için %30.0 ve 5. sınıf için %30.3’tür. Üçüncü, dördüncü ve beşinci sınıf diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin sigara içme durumu, eğitim düzeyine göre değişmedi (p=0.320). Öz-yeterlilik düzeyleri hiç sigara içmeyenler, hala içenler ve sigarayı bırakanlar arasında anlamlı farklılık göstermedi (F=0.317 p=0.729). Bu çalışmaya katılan diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin büyük çoğunluğu sigarayı bırakma konusunda tavsiye verme sorumlulukları olduğuna (n=228,%88,3) ve bu konuda özel eğitim almaları gerektiğine (n=214,%82,9) inanmaktaydı. Sigara içmeye yönelik tutum bazı sorularda genel öz-yeterlilik ile ilişkiliydi. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmaya göre diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin klinik eğitim ve öz-yeterlilik düzeylerinin sigara içme tutumları üzerinde bir etkisi olmamıştır. Diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin sigarayı bırakma yöntemleri ve tedavileri konusunda kısıtlı olan bilgilerini artıracak düzenlemeler yapılmalı ve lisans eğitimleri süresince öz-yeterliliklerini artıracak psikososyal destek hizmetleri sağlanmalıdır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Tobacco [Internet]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco. [cited 2023 Jul 28].
  • 2. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic 2021: addressing new and emerging products [Internet]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/9789240032095. [cited 2023 Jul 28].
  • 3. World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. List of basic sources in English for a medical faculty library [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2023 Jul 28]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/119990
  • 4. T.C. Saglik Bakanligi [Internet]. Türkiye Kronik Hastalıklar ve Risk Faktörleri Saha Çalışması. Available from: https://www.saglik.gov.tr/TR,2870/turkiye-kronik-hastaliklar-ve-risk-faktorleri-saha-calismasi.html. [cited 2023 Jul 28].
  • 5. Çakir M. Evaluation of Smoking and Associated Factors in Turkey. Iranian Journal of Public Health. 2023;52(4):766–72.
  • 6. Lancaster T, Stead L, Silagy C, Sowden A. Effectiveness of interventions to help people stop smoking: findings from the Cochrane Library. BMJ. 2000;321(7257):355–8.
  • 7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Tobacco use and cessation counseling--global health professionals survey pilot study, 10 countries, 2005. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005;54(20):505–9.
  • 8. Smoking Prevalence among Physicians: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - PubMed [Internet]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34948936/. [cited 2023 Jul 28].
  • 9. Bandura A. Human agency in social cognitive theory. Am Psychol. 1989 Sep;44(9):1175–84.
  • 10. Rapley P, Fruin DJ. Self-efficacy in chronic illness: the juxtaposition of general and regimen-specific efficacy. Int J Nurs Pract. 1999;5(4):209–15.
  • 11. Vallis TM, Bucher B. Self-efficacy as a predictor of behavior change: Interaction with type of training for pain tolerance. Cogn Ther Res. 1986;10(1):79–94.
  • 12. Mancuso CA, Rincon M, McCulloch CE, Charlson ME. Self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, and patients’ expectations predict outcomes in asthma. Med Care. 2001 ;39(12):1326–38.
  • 13. Lozano BE, Stephens RS, Roffman RA. Abstinence and moderate use goals in the treatment of marijuana dependence. Addiction. 2006;101(11):1589–97.
  • 14. Noone M, Dua J, Markham R. Stress, cognitive factors, and coping resources as predictors of relapse in alcoholics. Addict Behav. 1999;24(5):687–93.
  • 15. Shadel WG, Martino SC, Setodji C, Cervone D, Witkiewitz K. Does self-efficacy causally influence initial smoking cessation? An experimental study. Addict Behav. 2017 ;73:199–203.
  • 16. CDC - GTSSData: Documentation/Resources [Internet]. Available from: https://nccd.cdc.gov/GTSSDataSurveyResources/Ancillary/Documentation.aspx?SUID=3&DOCT=1. [cited 2023 Aug 14].
  • 17. Sherer M, Maddux JE, Mercandante B, Prentice-Dunn S, Jacobs B, Rogers RW. The Self-Efficacy Scale: Construction and Validation. Psychol Rep. 1982;51(2):663–71.
  • 18. Sherer M, Adams CH. Construct Validation of the Self-Efficacy Scale. Psychol Rep. 1983;53(3):899–902.
  • 19. Yildirim F, Ilhan, Inci Ozgur. Genel Özyeterlilik Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2010;21(4):301–8.
  • 20. Sheeran P, Maki A, Montanaro E, Avishai-Yitshak A, Bryan A, Klein WMP, et al. The impact of changing attitudes, norms, and self-efficacy on health-related intentions and behavior: A meta-analysis. Health Psychol. 2016;35(11):1178–88.
  • 21. Ryan P. Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change: background and intervention development. Clin Nurse Spec. 2009;23(3):161–70; quiz 171–2.
  • 22. Ma H, Li X, Zhang M, Liu H, Jin Q, Qiao K, et al. Relationships among smoking abstinence self-efficacy, trait coping style and nicotine dependence of smokers in Beijing. Tob Induc Dis. 2020;18:72.
  • 23. van Dinther M, Dochy F, Segers M. Factors affecting students’ self-efficacy in higher education. Educational Research Review. 2011;6(2):95–108.
  • 24. Kaufman DM, Laidlaw TA, Langille D, Sargeant J, MacLeod H. Differences in Medical Students’ Attitudes and Self-efficacy Regarding Patient—Doctor Communication. Academic Medicine. 2001;76(2):188.
  • 25. Barbouni A, Hadjichristodoulou C, Merakou K, Antoniadou E, Kourea K, Miloni E, et al. Tobacco use, exposure to secondhand smoke, and cessation counseling among health professions students: greek data from the global health professions student Survey (GHPSS). Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012;9(1):331–42.
  • 26. Sadri G, Mahjub H. Tobacco Smoking and Oral Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Research in Health Sciences. 2007;7(1):18–23.
  • 27. Vijay Kumar KV, Suresan V. Knowledge, attitude and screening practices of general dentists concerning oral cancer in Bangalore city. Indian J Cancer. 2012;49(1):33–8.
  • 28. Bostan PP, Aytemur ZA, Hacievli̇yagi̇l SS, Öztuna F, Örsel O, Kiran S. Türk Toraks Derneği Üyesi Göğüs Hastalıkları Hekimlerinin Sigara İçme Durumu ve İlişkili Faktörler. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2013;33(3):732–9.
  • 29. Allen SR, Kritz-Silverstein D. Dental vs. Medical Students’ Comfort with Smoking Cessation Counseling: Implications for Dental Education. Journal of Dental Education. 2016;80(8):959–65.
  • 30. Uti OG, Sofola OO. Smoking Cessation Counseling in Dentistry: Attitudes of Nigerian Dentists and Dental Students. Journal of Dental Education. 2011;75(3):406–12.
  • 31. Murugaboopathy V, Ankola AV, Hebbal M, Sharma R. Indian Dental Students’ Attitudes and Practices Regarding Tobacco Cessation Counseling. Journal of Dental Education. 2013;77(4):510–7.
  • 32. Pazarli Bostan P, Karaman Demir C, Elbek O, Akçay Ş. Association between pulmonologists’ tobacco use and their effort in promoting smoking cessation in Turkey: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pulm Med. 2015;15:143.

Evaluation of the Smoking Prevalence, Attitudes and Behaviors, and General Self-Efficacy of Undergraduate Dentistry Students

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 45 Sayı: 5, 772 - 780, 27.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1343710

Öz

Physicians play a crucial role in reducing tobacco use. Besides many studies have shown doctors have a high prevalence of smoking. Dentistry students receive varying levels of education about the negative effects of smoking and tobacco products on general health and the risks of causing systemic and oral diseases. The present study aims to assess the prevalence of smoking, attitudes toward smoking, knowledge on smoking addiction treatments, and general self-efficacy of dentistry students. Utilizing a digital platform, the questionnaire form was constructed. The survey instrument employed in the research comprises two distinct sections: 1.Global Health Professionals Student Survey (GHPSS), 2.General Self-Efficacy Scale. 260 dentistry students were included in the study. The prevalence of smoking was %24.7 for 3rd-grade, %30.0 for 4th grade, and %30.3 for 5th grade. The smoking status of 3rd, 4th, and 5th-grade dentistry students did not vary by educational level(p=0.320). Self-efficacy levels do not differ significantly according to 'never smoked', 'still smoking', or 'quit smoking' status(F=0.317,p=0.729). The majority of dentistry students participating in this study believe they have a responsibility to provide smoking cessation advice(n=228,%88,3) and should receive specialized training on the topic(n=214,%82,9). Attitudes toward smoking was related to general self-efficacy in some questions. In conclusion, the clinical education and self-efficacy levels of dentistry students had no effect on their smoking attitudes, according to the present study. Provisions should be made to increase dentistry students' limited knowledge of smoking cessation methods and treatments, and psychosocial support services should be provided to increase their self-efficacy during undergraduate education.

Teşekkür

The authors express their gratitude to the dental students who participated in the study by filling out the questionnaire.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Tobacco [Internet]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco. [cited 2023 Jul 28].
  • 2. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic 2021: addressing new and emerging products [Internet]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/9789240032095. [cited 2023 Jul 28].
  • 3. World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. List of basic sources in English for a medical faculty library [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2023 Jul 28]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/119990
  • 4. T.C. Saglik Bakanligi [Internet]. Türkiye Kronik Hastalıklar ve Risk Faktörleri Saha Çalışması. Available from: https://www.saglik.gov.tr/TR,2870/turkiye-kronik-hastaliklar-ve-risk-faktorleri-saha-calismasi.html. [cited 2023 Jul 28].
  • 5. Çakir M. Evaluation of Smoking and Associated Factors in Turkey. Iranian Journal of Public Health. 2023;52(4):766–72.
  • 6. Lancaster T, Stead L, Silagy C, Sowden A. Effectiveness of interventions to help people stop smoking: findings from the Cochrane Library. BMJ. 2000;321(7257):355–8.
  • 7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Tobacco use and cessation counseling--global health professionals survey pilot study, 10 countries, 2005. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005;54(20):505–9.
  • 8. Smoking Prevalence among Physicians: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - PubMed [Internet]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34948936/. [cited 2023 Jul 28].
  • 9. Bandura A. Human agency in social cognitive theory. Am Psychol. 1989 Sep;44(9):1175–84.
  • 10. Rapley P, Fruin DJ. Self-efficacy in chronic illness: the juxtaposition of general and regimen-specific efficacy. Int J Nurs Pract. 1999;5(4):209–15.
  • 11. Vallis TM, Bucher B. Self-efficacy as a predictor of behavior change: Interaction with type of training for pain tolerance. Cogn Ther Res. 1986;10(1):79–94.
  • 12. Mancuso CA, Rincon M, McCulloch CE, Charlson ME. Self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, and patients’ expectations predict outcomes in asthma. Med Care. 2001 ;39(12):1326–38.
  • 13. Lozano BE, Stephens RS, Roffman RA. Abstinence and moderate use goals in the treatment of marijuana dependence. Addiction. 2006;101(11):1589–97.
  • 14. Noone M, Dua J, Markham R. Stress, cognitive factors, and coping resources as predictors of relapse in alcoholics. Addict Behav. 1999;24(5):687–93.
  • 15. Shadel WG, Martino SC, Setodji C, Cervone D, Witkiewitz K. Does self-efficacy causally influence initial smoking cessation? An experimental study. Addict Behav. 2017 ;73:199–203.
  • 16. CDC - GTSSData: Documentation/Resources [Internet]. Available from: https://nccd.cdc.gov/GTSSDataSurveyResources/Ancillary/Documentation.aspx?SUID=3&DOCT=1. [cited 2023 Aug 14].
  • 17. Sherer M, Maddux JE, Mercandante B, Prentice-Dunn S, Jacobs B, Rogers RW. The Self-Efficacy Scale: Construction and Validation. Psychol Rep. 1982;51(2):663–71.
  • 18. Sherer M, Adams CH. Construct Validation of the Self-Efficacy Scale. Psychol Rep. 1983;53(3):899–902.
  • 19. Yildirim F, Ilhan, Inci Ozgur. Genel Özyeterlilik Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2010;21(4):301–8.
  • 20. Sheeran P, Maki A, Montanaro E, Avishai-Yitshak A, Bryan A, Klein WMP, et al. The impact of changing attitudes, norms, and self-efficacy on health-related intentions and behavior: A meta-analysis. Health Psychol. 2016;35(11):1178–88.
  • 21. Ryan P. Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change: background and intervention development. Clin Nurse Spec. 2009;23(3):161–70; quiz 171–2.
  • 22. Ma H, Li X, Zhang M, Liu H, Jin Q, Qiao K, et al. Relationships among smoking abstinence self-efficacy, trait coping style and nicotine dependence of smokers in Beijing. Tob Induc Dis. 2020;18:72.
  • 23. van Dinther M, Dochy F, Segers M. Factors affecting students’ self-efficacy in higher education. Educational Research Review. 2011;6(2):95–108.
  • 24. Kaufman DM, Laidlaw TA, Langille D, Sargeant J, MacLeod H. Differences in Medical Students’ Attitudes and Self-efficacy Regarding Patient—Doctor Communication. Academic Medicine. 2001;76(2):188.
  • 25. Barbouni A, Hadjichristodoulou C, Merakou K, Antoniadou E, Kourea K, Miloni E, et al. Tobacco use, exposure to secondhand smoke, and cessation counseling among health professions students: greek data from the global health professions student Survey (GHPSS). Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012;9(1):331–42.
  • 26. Sadri G, Mahjub H. Tobacco Smoking and Oral Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Research in Health Sciences. 2007;7(1):18–23.
  • 27. Vijay Kumar KV, Suresan V. Knowledge, attitude and screening practices of general dentists concerning oral cancer in Bangalore city. Indian J Cancer. 2012;49(1):33–8.
  • 28. Bostan PP, Aytemur ZA, Hacievli̇yagi̇l SS, Öztuna F, Örsel O, Kiran S. Türk Toraks Derneği Üyesi Göğüs Hastalıkları Hekimlerinin Sigara İçme Durumu ve İlişkili Faktörler. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2013;33(3):732–9.
  • 29. Allen SR, Kritz-Silverstein D. Dental vs. Medical Students’ Comfort with Smoking Cessation Counseling: Implications for Dental Education. Journal of Dental Education. 2016;80(8):959–65.
  • 30. Uti OG, Sofola OO. Smoking Cessation Counseling in Dentistry: Attitudes of Nigerian Dentists and Dental Students. Journal of Dental Education. 2011;75(3):406–12.
  • 31. Murugaboopathy V, Ankola AV, Hebbal M, Sharma R. Indian Dental Students’ Attitudes and Practices Regarding Tobacco Cessation Counseling. Journal of Dental Education. 2013;77(4):510–7.
  • 32. Pazarli Bostan P, Karaman Demir C, Elbek O, Akçay Ş. Association between pulmonologists’ tobacco use and their effort in promoting smoking cessation in Turkey: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pulm Med. 2015;15:143.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Diş Hekimliği (Diğer)
Bölüm ORİJİNAL MAKALELER / ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Yazarlar

Merve Candan 0000-0002-9839-871X

Alper Çamgöz 0009-0003-3846-4468

İmran Gökçen Yılmaz Karaman 0000-0003-2821-7749

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 45 Sayı: 5

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Candan M, Çamgöz A, Yılmaz Karaman İG. Evaluation of the Smoking Prevalence, Attitudes and Behaviors, and General Self-Efficacy of Undergraduate Dentistry Students. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi. 2023;45(5):772-80.


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