Öz
Bu çalışmada 3 farklı ısınma aktivitesinin yüzücülerde 50m serbest stil
performansı üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmaya toplamda 17 (5 kız, 12
erkek) sporcu (yaş:13±0,99, Spor Yaşı:5±1,36, Boy: 155±8,01, Ağırlık:
46,7±8,67) katılmıştır. Sporcular kontrol uygulamasında, 5dk hafif tempo koşu
ardından 2dk yürüyüş ve ısınma amaçlı 60x50m serbest stil yüzme ardından
herhangi bir statik germe ya da dinamik ısınma hareketi gerçekleştirilmemiştir.
Performans öncesinde 3dk toparlanma süresi verilmiştir. Ardından 50m serbest
stil yüzme performansı ölçülmüştür. Statik ısınma uygulamasında ise 5dk hafif
tempo koşu ardından 2dk yürüyüş ve ısınma amaçlı 6x50m serbest stil yüzme
ardından 6 farklı statik germe hareketi uygulanmıştır. Performans öncesinde 3dk
toparlanma süresi verilmiştir. Ardından 50m serbest stil yüzme performansı
ölçülmüştür. Dinamik ısınmada ise kontrol uygulamasında yapılan aktivitelere ek
olarak 6 farklı dinamik ısınma hareketi uygulanmış ve 50m serbest stil yüzme performansı
ölçülmüştür. Isınma uygulamaları 3 farklı günde aynı gruba uygulanmıştır. Verilerin
analizinde Shapiro Wilk normal dağılıma uygunluk
testi, varyans analizi testleri sonucu normal dağılım gösterdiği ve
varyansların homojenliği gözlendiğinden tekrarlı ölçümlerde tek yönlü Varyans
Analizi testi kullanılmıştır. Fark gözlenen değişkenler için Bonferroni Testi uygulanmıştır.
Ölçümler sonucunda dinamik ısınma protokolü ile diğer ısınma
protokolleri arasında bir farklılık gözlenmezken, statik ısınma ve kontrol
uygulaması arasında 20m performans zamanı ve 30m performans zamanı arasında
anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Statik ısınma uygulamalarının performansı
artırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Hedrick A. Physiological responses to warm up. National Strength and Conditioning Journal. 1992;14(5):25-27.
- 2. Smith CA. The warm up procedure: To stretch- A brief review. The journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 2004; 19:12-17.
- 3. Woods K, Biskop, P. Ve Jones, E. Warm up and streching in the prevention of muscular injury. Sports Medicine. 2007;37(12):1089-1099.
- 4. Ekstrand J. GJvLSO. Prevention of soccer injuries: supervision by doctor and physiotherapist. Am J Sports Med 1983; 11:116-120.
- 5. Neiva HP, Marques, M.C., Barbosa, T.M., İzquierdo, M. ve Marinho, D.A. Warm-Up Performance in Competitive Swimming. Sports Med. 2014;44:319-330.
- 6. McMilian DJ, Moore, J.H., Hatler, B.S., ve Taylor, C. Dynamic ve static-stretching warm up: The effect on power and agility performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2006;20(3):492-499.
- 7. Szymanski DJ, Beiser, E.J., Bassett, K.E., Till, M.E., Medlin, G.L., Beam J.R., ve DeRenne, C. Effect of various warm up devices on bat velocity of intercollegiate baseball players. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25(2):287-292.
- 8. Eken Ö. Judocularda farklı ısınma protokollerinin, 30m sürat, esneklik, dikey sıçrama, kuvvet, denge ve anaerobik güç performansları üzerine akut etkisinin incelenmesi: Spor Sağlık Bilimleri Anabilim Dali, Ege Üniversitesi; 2015.
- 9. Paradisis GP, Pappas, P.T., Theodorou, A.S., Zacharogiannis, E.G., Skordilis, E.K. ve Smirniotou, A.S. Effects of static and dynamic stretching on sprint and jump performance in boys and girls. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2014;28(1):154-160.
- 10. Ballionis G, Nepocatych, S., Ellis, C.M., Richardson, M.T., Neggers, Y.H. ve Bishop, P.A. Effects of Different Types of Warm-up on Swimming Performance, Reaction Time ve Dive Distance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2012;33(7):483-498.
- 11. Romney NC, Nethery, V.M. The effect of swimming and dryland warm-ups on 100-yard Freestyle performance in collegiate swimmers. J Swim Res. 1993;9:5-9.
- 12. Kaya F, Erzeybek, M.S., Biçer, B. ve Meral, T. . Effects of in-water and dryland warm-ups on 50-meter Freestyle performance in cild swimmer. SHS Web of Conferences. 2017;37: 01047.
- 13. Neiva H, Morouço, p., Silva, A.J., Marques, M.C. ve Marinho, D.A. The effect of warm up on tethered front crawl swimming forces. Journal of Human Kinetics (Special İssue). 2011:113-119.
- 14. Kafkas AŞ, Eken, Ö., Çınarlı, F.S. ve Kafkas, M.E. Acute effect of static warm up duration on 50 meter Freestyle and Breaststroke performance. Journal of Atletic Performance and Nutrition. 2016;3(2):1-10.
- 15. Moran MP, Whitehead, J.R., Guggenheimer, J.D. ve Brinkert, R.H. The effects of Static Stretching Warm up Versus Dynamic Warm up on Sprint Swim Performance. J Swimming Research. 2014:22-21.
- 16. Marinho DA, Marques, M.C., Louro, H. Comceiçao, A.T., Espata, M.A. ve Neiva, H.P. Effect of Different Warm up İntensities on Swimming Starts Performances. NSCA IV İnternational Conference. 2014;109.
- 17. Turan S. Farklı ısınma yöntemlerinin okçulukta atış performansına etkisi: Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Sakarya Üniversitesi; 2016.
- 18. Agopyan A, Bozdoğan, F.S., Tekin, D., Kucuk Yetkin, M. ve Gun Guler, C. Acute effects of static stretching exercises on short distance flutter kicking time in child swimmers. İnternational Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. 2012;12:484-497.
- 19. Bishop D. Warm up II: Performance changes following active warm up and how to structure the warm up. Sport Med. 2003;33(7): 483-498.
- 20. Norris CM. The complete guide to stretching. London: A & C Black; 1999.
- 21. Sevim Y. Basketbolda Kondisyon Antrenmanı. Ankara: Bağırgan Yayın evi; 2010.
- 22. Neiva HP, Marques, M.C., Bacelar, L., Moinhos, N., Morouço, P.G. ve Marinhlo, D.A. Warm up effect in short distance swimming performance. Annals of Research in Sport and Physical Activity. 2012: 83-94.
- 23. Marinho DA, Gil, M.H., Marques, M.C., Barbosa, T.M. ve Neiva, H.P. Comlementing warm-up with streching routinese: Effects in sprint performance. Sports Medicine İnternational Open. 2017:E101-E106.
- 24. Little TvW, A.G.,. Effects of differential streching protokols during warm up on high speed motor capacities in Professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2006;20:203-207.
Öz
The present study investigated the impact of three different warm-up
routines on 50m swimming performance. 17 swimmers (5 female and 12 male
swimmers) (Age:13±0,99, Sport Age:5±1,36, Height: 155±8,01, Weight: 46,7±8,67) participated in the study. Three different warm-up practices were
administered to the all swimmers on three separate days. In the control implementation,
the swimmers did 5min. jogging, had a 2min. walk, and they performed 6x50m
freestyle swimming for warm-up. They did not carry out any static stretching or
dynamic warm-up practices. After 3min. of recovery time, their 50m freestyle
swimming performance was measured. On the other day, in the stretching
implementation, after the 5min. jogging, 2min. walk, 6x50m freestyle swimming
for warm-up, the swimmers also performed six different stretching practices.
After 3min. of recovery time, their 50m freestyle swimming performance was
measured. On the third day, in the dynamic warm-up implementation, after the
usual routines of the control group, they performed six different dynamic
warm-up practices, and after 3min. again their 50m freestyle swimming
performance was measured. The data were analyzed through the Shapiro-Wilk Test
was carried out. Upon finding out normal distribution and homogeneity of the
variances as a result of variance analysis test, one-way analysis of variance
test was performed. Also, Bonferroni Test was
conducted for differential variables. Based on the
findings, there was no statistically significant difference between dynamic
warm-up practice and other warm-up protocols. The study also indicated that there
was a statistically significant difference between the control implementation
and static stretching practice at the 20m and 30m, which means that static
stretching practices improved swimming performance (p<0.05).
Anahtar Kelimeler
warm-up swimming static warm-up dynamic warm-up warm-up effect
Kaynakça
- 1. Hedrick A. Physiological responses to warm up. National Strength and Conditioning Journal. 1992;14(5):25-27.
- 2. Smith CA. The warm up procedure: To stretch- A brief review. The journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 2004; 19:12-17.
- 3. Woods K, Biskop, P. Ve Jones, E. Warm up and streching in the prevention of muscular injury. Sports Medicine. 2007;37(12):1089-1099.
- 4. Ekstrand J. GJvLSO. Prevention of soccer injuries: supervision by doctor and physiotherapist. Am J Sports Med 1983; 11:116-120.
- 5. Neiva HP, Marques, M.C., Barbosa, T.M., İzquierdo, M. ve Marinho, D.A. Warm-Up Performance in Competitive Swimming. Sports Med. 2014;44:319-330.
- 6. McMilian DJ, Moore, J.H., Hatler, B.S., ve Taylor, C. Dynamic ve static-stretching warm up: The effect on power and agility performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2006;20(3):492-499.
- 7. Szymanski DJ, Beiser, E.J., Bassett, K.E., Till, M.E., Medlin, G.L., Beam J.R., ve DeRenne, C. Effect of various warm up devices on bat velocity of intercollegiate baseball players. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25(2):287-292.
- 8. Eken Ö. Judocularda farklı ısınma protokollerinin, 30m sürat, esneklik, dikey sıçrama, kuvvet, denge ve anaerobik güç performansları üzerine akut etkisinin incelenmesi: Spor Sağlık Bilimleri Anabilim Dali, Ege Üniversitesi; 2015.
- 9. Paradisis GP, Pappas, P.T., Theodorou, A.S., Zacharogiannis, E.G., Skordilis, E.K. ve Smirniotou, A.S. Effects of static and dynamic stretching on sprint and jump performance in boys and girls. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2014;28(1):154-160.
- 10. Ballionis G, Nepocatych, S., Ellis, C.M., Richardson, M.T., Neggers, Y.H. ve Bishop, P.A. Effects of Different Types of Warm-up on Swimming Performance, Reaction Time ve Dive Distance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2012;33(7):483-498.
- 11. Romney NC, Nethery, V.M. The effect of swimming and dryland warm-ups on 100-yard Freestyle performance in collegiate swimmers. J Swim Res. 1993;9:5-9.
- 12. Kaya F, Erzeybek, M.S., Biçer, B. ve Meral, T. . Effects of in-water and dryland warm-ups on 50-meter Freestyle performance in cild swimmer. SHS Web of Conferences. 2017;37: 01047.
- 13. Neiva H, Morouço, p., Silva, A.J., Marques, M.C. ve Marinho, D.A. The effect of warm up on tethered front crawl swimming forces. Journal of Human Kinetics (Special İssue). 2011:113-119.
- 14. Kafkas AŞ, Eken, Ö., Çınarlı, F.S. ve Kafkas, M.E. Acute effect of static warm up duration on 50 meter Freestyle and Breaststroke performance. Journal of Atletic Performance and Nutrition. 2016;3(2):1-10.
- 15. Moran MP, Whitehead, J.R., Guggenheimer, J.D. ve Brinkert, R.H. The effects of Static Stretching Warm up Versus Dynamic Warm up on Sprint Swim Performance. J Swimming Research. 2014:22-21.
- 16. Marinho DA, Marques, M.C., Louro, H. Comceiçao, A.T., Espata, M.A. ve Neiva, H.P. Effect of Different Warm up İntensities on Swimming Starts Performances. NSCA IV İnternational Conference. 2014;109.
- 17. Turan S. Farklı ısınma yöntemlerinin okçulukta atış performansına etkisi: Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Sakarya Üniversitesi; 2016.
- 18. Agopyan A, Bozdoğan, F.S., Tekin, D., Kucuk Yetkin, M. ve Gun Guler, C. Acute effects of static stretching exercises on short distance flutter kicking time in child swimmers. İnternational Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. 2012;12:484-497.
- 19. Bishop D. Warm up II: Performance changes following active warm up and how to structure the warm up. Sport Med. 2003;33(7): 483-498.
- 20. Norris CM. The complete guide to stretching. London: A & C Black; 1999.
- 21. Sevim Y. Basketbolda Kondisyon Antrenmanı. Ankara: Bağırgan Yayın evi; 2010.
- 22. Neiva HP, Marques, M.C., Bacelar, L., Moinhos, N., Morouço, P.G. ve Marinhlo, D.A. Warm up effect in short distance swimming performance. Annals of Research in Sport and Physical Activity. 2012: 83-94.
- 23. Marinho DA, Gil, M.H., Marques, M.C., Barbosa, T.M. ve Neiva, H.P. Comlementing warm-up with streching routinese: Effects in sprint performance. Sports Medicine İnternational Open. 2017:E101-E106.
- 24. Little TvW, A.G.,. Effects of differential streching protokols during warm up on high speed motor capacities in Professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2006;20:203-207.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Eylül 2018 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 7 Mayıs 2018 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 16 Haziran 2018 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3 |
Cited By
Dynamic vs. Static-stretching Warm-up Protocol: The Effect on Physical Performance
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https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.907920
