Investigation Mechanical and Microstructural Behavior of Operated and Unoperated Turbine Rotor Discs
Öz
In gas turbine engines, turbine sections are exposed to high temperature and loads during operation and therefore turbine inlet boundary is considered the most challenging for turbomachines. Ni-based super-alloys are used for turbine materials in gas turbine engines because of their superior mechanical characteristics at high temperatures. In this research, two Mar M-247 polycrystalline cast Ni-based turbine rotors, which were operated and non-operated in turbojet engine tests, had the same design and applied the same two-step aging heat treatment, were examined microstructurally and mechanically. As a result of the mechanical analysis, it was observed that the tensile strength (Rm (P): 537Mpa; Rm (G): 590 Mpa) ductility, and hardness (429 HV (P), 440 HV (G)) of the operated turbine rotor increased. In the microstructure analysis, blocky and Chinese script-like carbides and gamma prime eutectic islands were found in both turbine structures. EDS analysis showed that the carbides in the matrix are rich in Hf, Ta, and Ti, and the grain boundary carbides are rich in Cr and W.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- [1] Basak,A. Das,S. “Carbide formation in nickel-base super-alloy MAR-M247 processed through scanning laser epitaxy (SLE),” An Addit. Manuf. Conf. SFF, 460–468, (2016).
- [2] Handa, S. “Precipitation of Carbides in a Super-alloy,” Masters Degree Proj., University: 1–33, (2014).
- [3] Goodfellow, A., “Gamma Prime Precipitate Evolution During Aging of a Model Ni-based Super-alloy,” Metall. Mater. Trans. A Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci., 49: 3, 718–728, (2018).
- [4] Singh, A., “Mechanisms related to different generations of γ′ precipitation during continuous cooling of a nickel base super-alloy,” Acta Mater., 61:1, 280–293, (2013).
- [5] Mouritz, P., “Introduction to Aerospace Materials”, 1st ed. Woodhead Publishing Limited, (2012).
- [6] Liu, L., Zhang, J., and Ai, C., “Ni-based Super-alloys,” Encycl. Mater. Met. Allloys, 294–304, (2022).
- [7] R. Baldan et al., “Solutioning and aging of MAR-M247 Ni-based super-alloy,” J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 22: 9, 2574–2579, (2013).
- [8] M. Kvapilova, J. Dvorak, P. Kral, K. Hrbacek, and V. Sklenicka, “Creep behaviour and life assessment of a cast nickel - Base super-alloy MAR - M247,” High Temp. Mater. Process., 38: 1, 590–600, (2019).
- [9] Harris, R., Erickson, G.L., “MAR M 247 derivations—CM 247 LC DS alloy, CMSX single crystal alloys, properties and performance,” in Int. Symp on Super-alloys, 221–230 (2019).
- [10] Šulák I. and Obrtlík, K., “Effect of tensile dwell on high-temperature low-cycle fatigue and fracture behaviour of cast super-alloy MAR-M247,” Eng. Fract. Mech., 185: 92–100, (2017)
- [11] Rahimian, M., Milenkovic, S. and Sabirov, I., “Microstructure and hardness evolution in MAR-M247 super-alloy processed by controlled cooling and double heat treatment,” J. Alloys Compd., 550: 339–344, (2013).
- [12] can Liu, M., min Sheng, G., jie He H., and jun Jiao, Y., “Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of TLP bonded joints of Mar-M247 super-alloys with Ni-Cr-Co-W-Ta-B interlayer,” J. Mater. Process. Technol., 246: 245–251, (2017).
- [13] Milenkovic S., Sabirov, I. and Llorca, J., “Effect of the cooling rate on microstructure and hardness of MAR-M247 super-alloy,” Mater. Lett., 73: 216–219, (2012).
- [14] Davis, J. R., “ASM Speciality Handbook, Nickel Cobalt & Their Alloys”, 1st ed. ASM International, (2000).
- [15] Harris., K. “Vacuum Induction Refining MM-0011 Mar-M-247 for High Intensity Turbine Rotating Parts,” in AVS 6th Int’l. Vacuum Metallurgical Conf., 7–8, (1979).
- [16] Geddes, X., Leon, H., “Super-alloys: Alloying and Performance”, 1st ed. ASM International, (2010).
- [17] Kattus, J., “Aerospace Structural Metals Handbook. Purdue Research Foundation”, (1999).
- [18] Szczotok, A. and Rodak, K. “Microstructural studies of carbides in MAR-M247 Ni-based super-alloy,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., 35:1, (2012).
- [19] Donachie, S., “Super-alloys: A Technical Guide”, 2nd ed. ASM International, (2002).
- [20] Martinsson, Å. “Ageing Infl uence on Ni-based Super-alloys at Intermediate Temperatures (400 – 600°C),” Luleå Univ. Technol., 103, (2006).
- [21] Wawro, W., “MC carbide structures in Mar-M247”, NASA Contractor Report, 167892, (1982).
- [22] Bor, Y., Wei, N., Jeng, R and Ko, Y. “Elucidating the effects of solution and double ageing treatment on the mechanical properties and toughness of MAR-M247 super-alloy at high temperature,” Mater. Chem. Phys., 109: 2–3, 334–341, (2008).
- [23] Sims, W., Stoloff, S., “Super-alloys II, First” John Wiley & Sons Inc, (1987).
- [24] Durand-Charre, M., “The Microstructure of Super-alloys”, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, (1997).
- [25] Erickson, G., “ASM Handbook Vol 1, Properties and Selection Iron, Steels, and High Performance Alloys, Specialty Steels and Heat-Resistant Alloys”, 10th ed. ASM International, (1990).
- [26] Akar, N. , Garip Çelik, F. D. "Santrifüj Hassas Döküm Yöntemiyle Üretilen Co-Cr-Mo Süperalaşım Dental Blokların Mikroyapı ve Mekanik Özellikleri Üzerine Atmosfer ve Karbon Miktarının Etkisi". Politeknik Dergisi, 1:1, (2021 ).
- [27] Aytaç, Z. , Yücel, N. "Development of a Design Methodology for a Centrifugal Compressor with the Utilization of CFD". Politeknik Dergisi, 23:231-239, (2020 ).
Investigation Mechanical and Microstructural Behavior of Operated and Unoperated Turbine Rotor Discs
Öz
In gas turbine engines, turbine sections are exposed to high temperature and loads during operation and therefore turbine inlet boundary is considered the most challenging for turbomachines. Ni-based super-alloys are used for turbine materials in gas turbine engines because of their superior mechanical characteristics at high temperatures. In this research, two Mar M-247 polycrystalline cast Ni-based turbine rotors, which were operated and non-operated in turbojet engine tests, had the same design and applied the same two-step aging heat treatment, were examined microstructurally and mechanically. As a result of the mechanical analysis, it was observed that the tensile strength (Rm (P): 537Mpa; Rm (G): 590 Mpa) ductility, and hardness (429 HV (P), 440 HV (G)) of the operated turbine rotor increased. In the microstructure analysis, blocky and Chinese script-like carbides and gamma prime eutectic islands were found in both turbine structures. EDS analysis showed that the carbides in the matrix are rich in Hf, Ta, and Ti, and the grain boundary carbides are rich in Cr and W.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- [1] Basak,A. Das,S. “Carbide formation in nickel-base super-alloy MAR-M247 processed through scanning laser epitaxy (SLE),” An Addit. Manuf. Conf. SFF, 460–468, (2016).
- [2] Handa, S. “Precipitation of Carbides in a Super-alloy,” Masters Degree Proj., University: 1–33, (2014).
- [3] Goodfellow, A., “Gamma Prime Precipitate Evolution During Aging of a Model Ni-based Super-alloy,” Metall. Mater. Trans. A Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci., 49: 3, 718–728, (2018).
- [4] Singh, A., “Mechanisms related to different generations of γ′ precipitation during continuous cooling of a nickel base super-alloy,” Acta Mater., 61:1, 280–293, (2013).
- [5] Mouritz, P., “Introduction to Aerospace Materials”, 1st ed. Woodhead Publishing Limited, (2012).
- [6] Liu, L., Zhang, J., and Ai, C., “Ni-based Super-alloys,” Encycl. Mater. Met. Allloys, 294–304, (2022).
- [7] R. Baldan et al., “Solutioning and aging of MAR-M247 Ni-based super-alloy,” J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 22: 9, 2574–2579, (2013).
- [8] M. Kvapilova, J. Dvorak, P. Kral, K. Hrbacek, and V. Sklenicka, “Creep behaviour and life assessment of a cast nickel - Base super-alloy MAR - M247,” High Temp. Mater. Process., 38: 1, 590–600, (2019).
- [9] Harris, R., Erickson, G.L., “MAR M 247 derivations—CM 247 LC DS alloy, CMSX single crystal alloys, properties and performance,” in Int. Symp on Super-alloys, 221–230 (2019).
- [10] Šulák I. and Obrtlík, K., “Effect of tensile dwell on high-temperature low-cycle fatigue and fracture behaviour of cast super-alloy MAR-M247,” Eng. Fract. Mech., 185: 92–100, (2017)
- [11] Rahimian, M., Milenkovic, S. and Sabirov, I., “Microstructure and hardness evolution in MAR-M247 super-alloy processed by controlled cooling and double heat treatment,” J. Alloys Compd., 550: 339–344, (2013).
- [12] can Liu, M., min Sheng, G., jie He H., and jun Jiao, Y., “Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of TLP bonded joints of Mar-M247 super-alloys with Ni-Cr-Co-W-Ta-B interlayer,” J. Mater. Process. Technol., 246: 245–251, (2017).
- [13] Milenkovic S., Sabirov, I. and Llorca, J., “Effect of the cooling rate on microstructure and hardness of MAR-M247 super-alloy,” Mater. Lett., 73: 216–219, (2012).
- [14] Davis, J. R., “ASM Speciality Handbook, Nickel Cobalt & Their Alloys”, 1st ed. ASM International, (2000).
- [15] Harris., K. “Vacuum Induction Refining MM-0011 Mar-M-247 for High Intensity Turbine Rotating Parts,” in AVS 6th Int’l. Vacuum Metallurgical Conf., 7–8, (1979).
- [16] Geddes, X., Leon, H., “Super-alloys: Alloying and Performance”, 1st ed. ASM International, (2010).
- [17] Kattus, J., “Aerospace Structural Metals Handbook. Purdue Research Foundation”, (1999).
- [18] Szczotok, A. and Rodak, K. “Microstructural studies of carbides in MAR-M247 Ni-based super-alloy,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., 35:1, (2012).
- [19] Donachie, S., “Super-alloys: A Technical Guide”, 2nd ed. ASM International, (2002).
- [20] Martinsson, Å. “Ageing Infl uence on Ni-based Super-alloys at Intermediate Temperatures (400 – 600°C),” Luleå Univ. Technol., 103, (2006).
- [21] Wawro, W., “MC carbide structures in Mar-M247”, NASA Contractor Report, 167892, (1982).
- [22] Bor, Y., Wei, N., Jeng, R and Ko, Y. “Elucidating the effects of solution and double ageing treatment on the mechanical properties and toughness of MAR-M247 super-alloy at high temperature,” Mater. Chem. Phys., 109: 2–3, 334–341, (2008).
- [23] Sims, W., Stoloff, S., “Super-alloys II, First” John Wiley & Sons Inc, (1987).
- [24] Durand-Charre, M., “The Microstructure of Super-alloys”, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, (1997).
- [25] Erickson, G., “ASM Handbook Vol 1, Properties and Selection Iron, Steels, and High Performance Alloys, Specialty Steels and Heat-Resistant Alloys”, 10th ed. ASM International, (1990).
- [26] Akar, N. , Garip Çelik, F. D. "Santrifüj Hassas Döküm Yöntemiyle Üretilen Co-Cr-Mo Süperalaşım Dental Blokların Mikroyapı ve Mekanik Özellikleri Üzerine Atmosfer ve Karbon Miktarının Etkisi". Politeknik Dergisi, 1:1, (2021 ).
- [27] Aytaç, Z. , Yücel, N. "Development of a Design Methodology for a Centrifugal Compressor with the Utilization of CFD". Politeknik Dergisi, 23:231-239, (2020 ).
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Mühendislik |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 5 Temmuz 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 25 Ocak 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2 |
Kaynak Göster
Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf-AynıLisanslaPaylaş 4.0 Uluslararası ile lisanslanmıştır.