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Humor Style As Predictors of Flow, Mental Toughness, Team Cohesion, Coach-Athlete Relationship: Study on Adolescent Athletes

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1, 20 - 37, 06.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.729982

Öz

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of humor styles with the flow, mental toughness, coach-athlete relationship quality and team cohesion in adolescent athletes. 139 girls (Mage = 15,44± 1,00) and 213 boys (Mage= 15,73± 1,41), in total 352 (Mage = 15,61 ± 1,27) adolescent athletes voluntarily participated in this study. “Personal Information Form”, “Humor Style Questionnaire”, “Short Dispositional Flow Scale-2”, “Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire”, “Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire” and “Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire” were administered to athletes. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was used to analyze. Analysis indicated that affiliative humor style was significant and positive predictor of dispositional flow (β= 0,12, p<0,05), mental toughness (β= 0,18, p<0,01), closeness (β= 0,12, p<0,05), commitment (β= 0,13, p<0,05), complementarity subscales of coach-athlete relationship quality (β= 0,12, p<0,05), and social cohesion subscale of team cohesion (β= 0,14, p<0,05) in adolescent athletes. Moreover, self-enhancing humor style was significant and positive predictor of dispositional flow (β= 0.23, p<0,01). Furthermore, aggressive humor style was significant and negative predictor of dispositional flow (β= -0,12, p<0,05), mental toughness (β= -0,25, p<0,01), closeness (β= -0,21, p<0,05), complementarity subscales of coach-athlete relationship quality (β= -0,21, p<0,01) and task cohesion subscale of team cohesion (β= -0,14, p<0,05. In conclusion, affiliative and aggressive humor styles are the important predictors of dispositional flow, mental toughness, coach - athlete relationship quality and team cohesion levels in adolescent athletes.

Kaynakça

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Optimal Performans Duygu Durumu, Zihinsel Dayanıklılık, Takım Sargınlığı ve Antrenör Sporcu İlişkisinin Yordayıcısı Olarak Mizah Tarzı: Adolesan Sporcular Üzerine Çalışma

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1, 20 - 37, 06.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.729982

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, adolesan sporcuların optimal performans duygu durumu, zihinsel dayanıklılık, antrenör sporcu ilişki kalitesi ve takım sargınlığı kavramlarının mizah tarzları ile ilişkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 2019-2020 sezonunda İstanbul’da futbol, basketbol, voleybol, hentbol ve su topu branşlarında mücadele eden 139 kız (X𝑦𝑎ş=15,44±1,00), ve 213 (X𝑦𝑎ş=15,73±1,41) erkek olmak üzere toplam 352 (X𝑦𝑎ş=15,61±1,27) adolesan sporcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında sporculara “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Mizah Tarzları Ölçeği”, “Sürekli Optimal Performans Duygu Durum Ölçeği Kısa Formu”, “Sporda Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Ölçeği”, “Antrenör Sporcu İlişkisi Ölçeği”, “Genç Sporcu Takım Sargınlığı Ölçeği” uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde çoklu hiyerarşik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan regresyon analizi sonucunda katılımcı mizah tarzının, optimal performans duygu durum, (β= 0,12, p<0,05), zihinsel dayanıklılık (β= 0,18, p<0,01), antrenör-sporcu ilişki kalitesi ölçeğinin yakınlık (β= 0,12, p<0,05), bağlılık (β= 0,13, p<0,05), tamamlayıcılık alt boyutlarının (β= 0.12, p<0,05) ve takım sargınlığının sosyal sargınlık alt boyutunun (β= 0,14, p<0,05) pozitif yordayıcısı olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca kendini geliştirici mizah tarzı optimal performans duygu durumun (β= 0,23, p<0,01) pozitif yordayıcısıdır. Öte yandan, saldırgan mizah tarzının optimal performans duygu durumun (β=-0.12, p<0,05), zihinsel dayanıklılığın (β= -0,25, p<0,01), antrenör-sporcu ilişkisi kalitesi ölçeğinin yakınlık (β= -0,21, p<0,05), tamamlayıcılık alt boyutlarının (β= -0,21, p<0,01) ve takım sargınlığının görev sargınlığı alt boyutunun (β= -0,14, p<0,05) negatif yordayıcısı olduğu bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular, katılımcı ve saldırgan mizah tarzının, optimal performans duygu durum, zihinsel dayanıklılık, antrenör sporcu ilişki kalitesi ve takım sargınlığı düzeylerinin önemli yordayıcıları olduğunu göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Altıntaş, A., Çetinkalp, Z., ve Aşçı, F.H. (2012). Antrenör- sporcu ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(3), 119-128.
  • 2. Aşçı, F.H., Çağlar, E., Eklund, R.C., Altıntaş, A., ve Jackson, S. (2007). Durumluk ve sürekli optimal performans duygu durum-2 ölçekleri’nin uyarlama çalışması. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 18(4), 182-196.
  • 3. Cann, A., ve Etzel, C.K. (2008). Remembering and anticipating stressors: Positive personality mediates the relationship with sense of humor. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 21(2), 157-178. https://doi.org/10.1515/HUMOR.2008.008
  • 4. Cann, A., Zapata, C.L., ve Davis, B.H. (2009). Positive and negative styles of humor in communication: Evidence for the importance of considering both styles. Communication Quarterly. 57(4). 452-468. https://doi.org/10.1080/01463370903313398
  • 5. Carron, V.A., Brawley, L.R., ve Widmeyer, W.N. (1998). The measurement of cohesiveness in sport groups. (J.L. Duda, Ed.) Advances in sport and exercise psychology measurement (s. 213-226). Morgantown: Fitness Information Technology..
  • 6. Cathcart, S., McGregor, M., ve Groundwater, E. (2014). Mindfulness and flow in elite athletes. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 8(2), 119-141. https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2014-0018
  • 7. Cowden, R.G., Meyer-Weitz, A., ve Asante, K.O. (2016). Mental toughness in competitive tennis: relationships with resilience and stress. Frontiers in Psychology. 7,320-329. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00320
  • 8. Cox, R.H. (2012). Sport psychology. concepts and applications. (7th Ed.) (s.297-298). McGraw-Hill..
  • 9. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1975). Beyond boredom and anxiety. Jossey-Bass.
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  • 43. Jowett, S., ve Timson-Katchis, M. (2005). Social networks in sport: parental influence on the coach–athlete relationship. Sport Psychologist, 19(3), 267–287. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.19.3.267
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  • 49. Liu, K.W.Y. (2012). Humor styles, self-esteem and subjective hapiness [Master Thesis]. City University Of Hong Kong. Depertmant of Applied Social Studies,
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  • 51. Martin, R.A., Puhlik-Doris, P., Larsen, G., Gray, J., ve Weir, K. (2003). Individual differences of uses of humor and their relation to psychological well-being: Development of the Humor Styles Questionnaire. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(1), 48–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00534-2.
  • 52. Martin, R.A. (2007). The psychology of humor: An integrative approach. Elsevier Academic Press,
  • 53. Mauriello, M., ve McConatha, T.J. (2007). Relatıons of humor with perceptions of stress. Psychological Reports, 101(3 pt 2), 1057-1066. doi.org/10.2466%2Fpr0.101.4.1057-1066
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  • 55. Özgör, N., ve Aşçı, FH. (2018). 16. Spor Bilimleri Kongresi. Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Ölçeği Çocuk Formunun Türk Sporcular İçin Güvenirliği ve Geçerliği. Antalya, 1268.
  • 56. Paez, D., Seguel, M.A., ve Sanchez, M.F. (2013). Incremental validity of alexithymia, emotional coping and humor style on happiness and psychological well-being. Journal of Hapiness Studies,14(5), 1621-1637. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-012-9400-0.
  • 57. Peterson, C., ve Seligman, M.E.P. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A classification and handbook. Oxford University Press: American Psychological Association.
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  • 59. Romero, J.E., ve Cruthirds, K.W. (2006). The use of humor in the workplace. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(2), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2006.20591005.
  • 60. Romero, E., ve Pescosolido, A. (2008). Humor and group effectiveness. Humor Relations, 61(3), 395–418. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0018726708088999.
  • 61. Romero, J.E., ve Arendt, L. (2011). Variable effects of humor styles on organizational outcomes. Psychological Reports, 108(2), 649-659. https://doi.org/10.2466/07.17.20.21.PR0.108.2.649-659
  • 62. Ronglan, L.T., ve Aggerholm, K. (2014). Humour helps: Elite sports coaching as a balancing act. Sports Coaching Revie,. 3(1), 33-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/21640629.2014.885776
  • 63. Sezer. U., ve Kocaekşi, S. (2018). Genç sporcu takım sargınlığı ölçeği’nin (GSTSÖ) psikometrik özellikleri: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(3), 105–114. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.345936
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  • 65. Sullivan, P. (2013). Humor styles as a predictor of satisfaction within sport teams. Humor, 26(2), 343-349.
  • 66. Susa, M.A. (2002). Humor type, organizational climate, and outcomes: the shortest distance between an organization’s environment and the bottom line is laughter [Doctoral Thesis]. Universitiy of Nebreska.
  • 67. Szabo, A. (2003). The acute effect of humor and exercise on mood and anxiety. Journal of Leisure Research, 35(2), 152-162. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2003.11949988
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  • 72. Tremayne, H.N. (2010). The examination of humor usage and ıts relationship to cohesion ın male collegiate basketball [Ph.D. Thesis]. The University of North Carolina.
  • 73. Tucker, R.P., Judah, M.R., O’Keefe, V.M., Mills, A..C., Lechner, WV., ve Davidson, C.L., ve diğ. (2013). Humor styles impact the relationship between symptoms of social anxiety and depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 55(7), 823-827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.008
  • 74. Veselka, L., Schermer, A.J., Martin, R.A., ve Vernon, A.P. (2010). Laughter and resiliency: a behavioral genetic study of humor styles and mental toughness. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 13(5), 442–449. https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.13.5.442
  • 75. Yaprak, P., Güçlü, M., ve Durhan, A.T. (2018). The happiness, hardiness, and humor styles of students with a bachelor’s degree in sport sciences. Behavioral Science, 8(9), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs8090082
  • 76. Yerlikaya, N. (2007). Lise öğrencilerinin mizah tarzları ile stresle başa çıkma tarzları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • 77. Yerlikaya, E.E. (2009). Üniversite öğrencilerinin mizah tarzları ile algılanan stres, kaygı ve depresyon düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Doktora Tezi]. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • 78. Yip, J.A, ve Martin R.A. (2006). Sense of humor, emotional intelligence, and social competence. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(6), 1202–1208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2005.08.005
  • 79. Zhao, J., Wanga, Y., ve Kong, F. (2014). Exploring the mediation effect of social support and self-esteem on the relationship between humor style and life satisfaction in Chinese college students. Personality and Individual Differences, 64, 126–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.02.026
Toplam 79 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Halis Egemen Merdan 0000-0002-9654-8665

F. Hülya Aşçı 0000-0002-6650-6931

Yayımlanma Tarihi 6 Mart 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Mayıs 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Merdan, H. E., & Aşçı, F. H. (2021). Optimal Performans Duygu Durumu, Zihinsel Dayanıklılık, Takım Sargınlığı ve Antrenör Sporcu İlişkisinin Yordayıcısı Olarak Mizah Tarzı: Adolesan Sporcular Üzerine Çalışma. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 32(1), 20-37. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.729982

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