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Research Article
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Protective Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Exopolysaccharides from Home Made Dairy Products on Obesity

Year 2022, Volume: 44 Issue: 3, 273 - 281, 01.10.2022

Ahmet Turan Demir , Bilge Hilal Çadırcı , Ahmet Altun

https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1156620

Abstract

As it is known, obesity is one of the most important health problems of developed and developing countries today. Obesity; endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal (GI), genitourinary, musculoskeletal system such as body systems and psychosocial condition causes many health problems due to the negative effects. The ability of probiotics to support GI health has been recognized for years. Since alternative approaches against obesity can be developed by intervention in the GI system, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of exopolysaccharides (EPS) as an anti-obesity biomaterial isolated from natural products with probiotic characteristics. First, the one with the highest EPS amount among the 10 microorganisms with known probiotic properties was identified by MALDI-TOF and 16s rRNA sequence analysis and named as Lactobacillus plantrum BHC007. Then, the monosaccharide composition of the extracted EPS was examined, and its average molecular weight was determined as 221.860±0.006. The effect of EPS on the adipogenesis process was examined qualitatively with Oil Red O dye on the 3T3 cell line and cellular triacylglycerol (TAG) levels. It was concluded that the highest EPS concentration (2.25 mM) inhibited adipogenesis by 75%. Also, 17% inhibition of adipogenesis was achieved at the lowest EPS concentration (0.45 mM). In conclusion, TAG analysis revealed that EPS was suppressed depending on the lipid droplet formation concentration.

Keywords

Exopolysaccharide probiotic obesity

Thanks

This study was supported with 100/2000 Ph.D Scholarship within the scope of Turkey Council of Higher Education 100/2000 Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering. In this regard, I would like to thank the Turkey Council of Higher Education.

References

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  • 2. Fuller, R. Probiotics in man and animals. J Appl Bacteriol 1989; 66(5): 365-378.
  • 3. Yoshida Y, Seki T, Matsunaka H et al. Clinical Effects of Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve Supplementation in Adult Patients with Atopic Dermatitis. Yonago Acta Medica 2010; 53(2): 37-45.
  • 4. Honda, K, Moto, M, Uchida, N, He, F, Hashizume, N. Anti-diabetic effects of lactic acid bacteria in normal and type 2 diabetic mice. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition 2012; 51(2): 96-101.
  • 5. Tanganurat, W, Quinquis, B, Leelawatcharamas, V, Bolotin, A. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from Thai fermented fruits and vegetables. Journal of Basic Microbiology 2009; 49(4): 377-385.
  • 6. Brinques, GB, Ayub, MAZ. Effect of microencapsulation on survival of Lactobacillus plantarum in simulated gastrointestinal conditions, refrigeration, and yogurt. Journal of Food Engineering 2011; 103(2): 123-128.
  • 7. Yang, B, Yue, Y, Chen, Y et al. Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM1143 Alleviates Chronic Diarrhea via Inflammation Regulation and Gut Microbiota Modulation: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Frontiers in Immunology 2021; 12(746585): 1-12.
  • 8. Ismail, B, Nampoothiri, KM. Production, purification and structural characterization of an exopolysaccharide produced by a probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC 9510. Archives of Microbiology 2010; 192(12): 1049-1057.
  • 9. Ziadi, M, Bouzaiene, T, M’Hir, S et al. Evaluation of the Efficiency of Ethanol Precipitation and Ultrafiltration on the Purification and Characteristics of Exopolysaccharides Produced by Three Lactic Acid Bacteria, BioMed Research International 2018; 1896240: 1-11.
  • 10. Freitas, F, Alves, VD, Reis, MAM. Advances in bacterial exopolysaccharides: from production to biotechnological applications, Trends Biotechnol. 2011; 29(8): 388-398.
  • 11. Nwodo, U, Green, E, Okoh, A. Bacterial Exopolysaccharides: Functionality and Prospects. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2012; 13(12): 14002-14015.
  • 12. De Vuyst, L, Degeest, B. Heteropolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 1999; 23(2): 153-177.
  • 13. Angelin, J, Kavitha, M. Exopolysaccharides from probiotic bacteria and their health potential. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2020; 162: 853-865.
  • 14. Escárcega-González, CE, Garza-Cervantes, JA, Vázquez-Rodríguez, A, Morones-Ramírez, JR. Bacterial Exopolysaccharides as Reducing and/or Stabilizing Agents during Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles with Biomedical Applications. International Journal of Polymer Science 2018; 7045852: 1-15.
  • 15. London, LEE, Kumar, AHS, Wall, R et al. Exopolysaccharide-Producing Probiotic Lactobacilli Reduce Serum Cholesterol and Modify Enteric Microbiota in ApoE-Deficient Mice. The Journal of Nutrition 2014; 144(12): 1956-1962.
  • 16. El-Deeb, NM, Yassin, AM, Al-Madboly, LA, El-Hawiet, A. A novel purified Lactobacillus acidophilus 20079 exopolysaccharide, LA-EPS-20079, molecularly regulates both apoptotic and NF-κB inflammatory pathways in human colon cancer. Microbial Cell Factories 2018; 17(1): 1-15.
  • 17. Sarbini, SR, Kolida, S, Deaville, ER, Gibson, GR, Rastall, RA. Potential of novel dextran oligosaccharides as prebiotics for obesity management through in vitro experimentation. British Journal of Nutrition 2014; 112(8): 1303-1314.
  • 18. Lim, J, Kale, M, Kim, DH et al. Antiobesity Effect of Exopolysaccharides Isolated from Kefir Grains. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2017; 65(46): 10011-10019.
  • 19. Park, JE, Oh, SH, Cha, YS 2013. Lactobacillus plantarum LG42 Isolated from Gajami Sik-Hae Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocyte. BioMed Research International 2013; 460927: 1-7.
  • 20. Zhang, Z, Zhou, Z, Li, Y, Zhou, L, Ding, Q, Xu, L. Isolated exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG alleviated adipogenesis mediated by TLR2 in mice. Scientific Reports 2016; 6(1): 1-14.
  • 21. Dubois, M, Gilles, KA, Hamilton, JK, Rebers, PA, Smith, F. Colorimetric Method for Determination of Sugars and Related Substances. Analytical Chemistry 1956; 28(3): 350-356.
  • 22. Bradford, MM. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 1976; 72(1-2): 248-254.
  • 23. Wilson, RH, Goodfellow, BJ, Belton, PS. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the study of food biopolymers. Food Hydrocolloids 1988; 2(2): 169-178.
  • 24. Cui, J, Gu, X, Wang, F, Ouyang, J, Wang, J. Purification and structural characterization of an α-glucosidase inhibitory polysaccharide from apricot (Armeniaca sibirica L. Lam.) pulp. Carbohydrate Polymers 2015; 121, 309-314.
  • 25. Reed, BC, Lane, MD. Insulin receptor synthesis and turnover in differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences1980; 77(1): 285-289.
  • 26. Howe, KJ, Ishida, KP, Clark, MM. Use of ATR/FTIR spectrometry to study fouling of microfiltration membranes by natural waters. Desalination 2002; 147(1-3): 251-255.
  • 27. Haxaire, K, Maréchal, Y, Milas, M, Rinaudo, M. Hydration of polysaccharide hyaluronan observed by IR spectrometry. I. Preliminary experiments and band assignments. Biopolymers 2003; 72(1): 10-20.
  • 28. Ben Salah, R, Jaouadi, B, Bouaziz, A et al. Fermentation of date palm juice by curdlan gum production from Rhizobium radiobacter ATCC 6466TM: Purification, rheological and physico-chemical characterization. LWT-Food Science and Technology 2011; 44(4):1026-1034.
  • 29. Bremer, PJ, Geesey, GG. An evaluation of biofilm development utilizing non‐destructive attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Biofouling 1991; 3(2): 89-100.
  • 30. Moscovici, M. Present and future medical applications of microbial exopolysaccharides. Frontiers in Microbiology 2015; 6(1012): 1-11.
  • 31. Abedfar A, Abbaszadeh, S, Hosseininezhad, M, Taghdir, M. Physicochemical and biological characterization of the EPS produced by L. acidophilus isolated from rice bran sourdough. LWT Food Science and Technology 2020; 127(109373):1-9.
  • 32. Liu, Z, Zhang, Z, Qiu, L et al. Characterization and bioactivities of the exopolysaccharide from a probiotic strain of Lactobacillus plantarum WLPL04. Journal of Dairy Science 2017; 100(9): 6895-6905.

Year 2022, Volume: 44 Issue: 3, 273 - 281, 01.10.2022

Ahmet Turan Demir , Bilge Hilal Çadırcı , Ahmet Altun

https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1156620

Abstract

References

  • 1. Sonnenburg J, Sonnenburg E. The Good Gut: Taking Control of Your Weight, Your Mood and Your Long-Term Health, by Justin and Erica, PhDs. Penguin Press, USA, 2015.
  • 2. Fuller, R. Probiotics in man and animals. J Appl Bacteriol 1989; 66(5): 365-378.
  • 3. Yoshida Y, Seki T, Matsunaka H et al. Clinical Effects of Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve Supplementation in Adult Patients with Atopic Dermatitis. Yonago Acta Medica 2010; 53(2): 37-45.
  • 4. Honda, K, Moto, M, Uchida, N, He, F, Hashizume, N. Anti-diabetic effects of lactic acid bacteria in normal and type 2 diabetic mice. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition 2012; 51(2): 96-101.
  • 5. Tanganurat, W, Quinquis, B, Leelawatcharamas, V, Bolotin, A. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from Thai fermented fruits and vegetables. Journal of Basic Microbiology 2009; 49(4): 377-385.
  • 6. Brinques, GB, Ayub, MAZ. Effect of microencapsulation on survival of Lactobacillus plantarum in simulated gastrointestinal conditions, refrigeration, and yogurt. Journal of Food Engineering 2011; 103(2): 123-128.
  • 7. Yang, B, Yue, Y, Chen, Y et al. Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM1143 Alleviates Chronic Diarrhea via Inflammation Regulation and Gut Microbiota Modulation: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Frontiers in Immunology 2021; 12(746585): 1-12.
  • 8. Ismail, B, Nampoothiri, KM. Production, purification and structural characterization of an exopolysaccharide produced by a probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC 9510. Archives of Microbiology 2010; 192(12): 1049-1057.
  • 9. Ziadi, M, Bouzaiene, T, M’Hir, S et al. Evaluation of the Efficiency of Ethanol Precipitation and Ultrafiltration on the Purification and Characteristics of Exopolysaccharides Produced by Three Lactic Acid Bacteria, BioMed Research International 2018; 1896240: 1-11.
  • 10. Freitas, F, Alves, VD, Reis, MAM. Advances in bacterial exopolysaccharides: from production to biotechnological applications, Trends Biotechnol. 2011; 29(8): 388-398.
  • 11. Nwodo, U, Green, E, Okoh, A. Bacterial Exopolysaccharides: Functionality and Prospects. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2012; 13(12): 14002-14015.
  • 12. De Vuyst, L, Degeest, B. Heteropolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 1999; 23(2): 153-177.
  • 13. Angelin, J, Kavitha, M. Exopolysaccharides from probiotic bacteria and their health potential. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2020; 162: 853-865.
  • 14. Escárcega-González, CE, Garza-Cervantes, JA, Vázquez-Rodríguez, A, Morones-Ramírez, JR. Bacterial Exopolysaccharides as Reducing and/or Stabilizing Agents during Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles with Biomedical Applications. International Journal of Polymer Science 2018; 7045852: 1-15.
  • 15. London, LEE, Kumar, AHS, Wall, R et al. Exopolysaccharide-Producing Probiotic Lactobacilli Reduce Serum Cholesterol and Modify Enteric Microbiota in ApoE-Deficient Mice. The Journal of Nutrition 2014; 144(12): 1956-1962.
  • 16. El-Deeb, NM, Yassin, AM, Al-Madboly, LA, El-Hawiet, A. A novel purified Lactobacillus acidophilus 20079 exopolysaccharide, LA-EPS-20079, molecularly regulates both apoptotic and NF-κB inflammatory pathways in human colon cancer. Microbial Cell Factories 2018; 17(1): 1-15.
  • 17. Sarbini, SR, Kolida, S, Deaville, ER, Gibson, GR, Rastall, RA. Potential of novel dextran oligosaccharides as prebiotics for obesity management through in vitro experimentation. British Journal of Nutrition 2014; 112(8): 1303-1314.
  • 18. Lim, J, Kale, M, Kim, DH et al. Antiobesity Effect of Exopolysaccharides Isolated from Kefir Grains. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2017; 65(46): 10011-10019.
  • 19. Park, JE, Oh, SH, Cha, YS 2013. Lactobacillus plantarum LG42 Isolated from Gajami Sik-Hae Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocyte. BioMed Research International 2013; 460927: 1-7.
  • 20. Zhang, Z, Zhou, Z, Li, Y, Zhou, L, Ding, Q, Xu, L. Isolated exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG alleviated adipogenesis mediated by TLR2 in mice. Scientific Reports 2016; 6(1): 1-14.
  • 21. Dubois, M, Gilles, KA, Hamilton, JK, Rebers, PA, Smith, F. Colorimetric Method for Determination of Sugars and Related Substances. Analytical Chemistry 1956; 28(3): 350-356.
  • 22. Bradford, MM. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 1976; 72(1-2): 248-254.
  • 23. Wilson, RH, Goodfellow, BJ, Belton, PS. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the study of food biopolymers. Food Hydrocolloids 1988; 2(2): 169-178.
  • 24. Cui, J, Gu, X, Wang, F, Ouyang, J, Wang, J. Purification and structural characterization of an α-glucosidase inhibitory polysaccharide from apricot (Armeniaca sibirica L. Lam.) pulp. Carbohydrate Polymers 2015; 121, 309-314.
  • 25. Reed, BC, Lane, MD. Insulin receptor synthesis and turnover in differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences1980; 77(1): 285-289.
  • 26. Howe, KJ, Ishida, KP, Clark, MM. Use of ATR/FTIR spectrometry to study fouling of microfiltration membranes by natural waters. Desalination 2002; 147(1-3): 251-255.
  • 27. Haxaire, K, Maréchal, Y, Milas, M, Rinaudo, M. Hydration of polysaccharide hyaluronan observed by IR spectrometry. I. Preliminary experiments and band assignments. Biopolymers 2003; 72(1): 10-20.
  • 28. Ben Salah, R, Jaouadi, B, Bouaziz, A et al. Fermentation of date palm juice by curdlan gum production from Rhizobium radiobacter ATCC 6466TM: Purification, rheological and physico-chemical characterization. LWT-Food Science and Technology 2011; 44(4):1026-1034.
  • 29. Bremer, PJ, Geesey, GG. An evaluation of biofilm development utilizing non‐destructive attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Biofouling 1991; 3(2): 89-100.
  • 30. Moscovici, M. Present and future medical applications of microbial exopolysaccharides. Frontiers in Microbiology 2015; 6(1012): 1-11.
  • 31. Abedfar A, Abbaszadeh, S, Hosseininezhad, M, Taghdir, M. Physicochemical and biological characterization of the EPS produced by L. acidophilus isolated from rice bran sourdough. LWT Food Science and Technology 2020; 127(109373):1-9.
  • 32. Liu, Z, Zhang, Z, Qiu, L et al. Characterization and bioactivities of the exopolysaccharide from a probiotic strain of Lactobacillus plantarum WLPL04. Journal of Dairy Science 2017; 100(9): 6895-6905.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Medical Science Research Articles
Authors

Ahmet Turan Demir 0000-0002-3464-0466

Bilge Hilal Çadırcı 0000-0003-1525-9608

Ahmet Altun 0000-0003-2056-8683

Publication Date October 1, 2022
Acceptance Date September 28, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 44 Issue: 3

Cite

AMA Demir AT, Çadırcı BH, Altun A. Protective Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Exopolysaccharides from Home Made Dairy Products on Obesity. CMJ. October 2022;44(3):273-281. doi:10.7197/cmj.1156620