TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS SCREENING: THE SAMPLE OF SİVAS

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the study is to screen for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM), to determine the risk of DM and to evaluate the factors affecting it. Method: It is a descriptive study. The population of the research consisted of people over the age of 18 living in Sivas who were not diagnosed with diabetes. The sample of the research consisted of individuals over the age of 18 who did not have diabetes and participated in the event, which was organized as part of the 14 November 2022 “World Diabetes Day” event, which continued between 08.00-17.00. In order to reach the universe, a stand was set up in the city center in the square where the people are concentrated. Capillary blood glucose measurement, a questionnaire including height, weight, demographic characteristics and Finnish Diabetes Risk Questionnaire (FINDRISK) were applied to the patients. FINDRISK consists of 8 questions. It determines an individual's risk of developing diabetes in the next ten years. Results are shown as frequencies, mean±standard deviation. Pearson correlation analysis, Student-T test and One way ANOVA test were applied. P<0.05 was considered significant at the 95% confidence interval. Results: 78.2% (n=560) of 716 participants were male and 21.8% (n=156) were female. 74.2%(n=531) of them were married. 39.5% (n=283) of them were primary school graduates. 30.2%(n=216) of them were working in any job. 30.9% (n=221) were smokers. 42.5% (n=304) had a chronic disease other than DM. Age groups; 25.8%(n=185) are under 45 years old, 17.7%(n=127) are 45-54 years old, 28.9%(n=207) are 55-64 years old, 27.5%(n=n= 197) of them were over 64 years old. The mean body mass index (BMI) of 684 people who accepted the height-weight measurement was 27.5±4.5. Capillary blood glucose mean of the participants was 130.9±57.0(min:51-max:494). The mean FINDRISK score was 11.1 ± 5.68(min:0-max:26). Participants' FINDRISK scores; 20.9%(143) were found to be high and 6.7%(46) were found to be very high. A weakly significant positive correlation was found between FINDRISK score and capillary blood glucose levels (p<0.001; r=0.244). A significant difference was found between the diabetes risk status of the participants and their marital status, education status, employment status, and presence of chronic disease (respectively; p<0.001; 0.004; 0.001; <0.001). The rate of diabetes was higher in married people than in single people, those who did not work than those who worked, and those who had additional chronic diseases than those without. Conclusion: FINDRISK scores were found to be higher than different studies in the literature in the study conducted with population screening. Early identification of groups at high risk of diabetes will reduce the disease and burden of diabetes. At this stage, it will be advantageous to use easy-to-apply and inexpensive scanning methods such as FINDRISK.