Research Article

Investigation of the impact of tumor volume and tumor proximity on dosimetry in scintigraphic imaging of the liver: A phantom study

Volume: 47 Number: 4 December 31, 2025
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Investigation of the impact of tumor volume and tumor proximity on dosimetry in scintigraphic imaging of the liver: A phantom study

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of tumor volume variation and tumor proximity on scintigraphic image quality and dosimetry, and to objectively analyze these effects using contrast and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) parameters. Materials and Methods: A specially designed liver phantom containing four simulated tumors with diameters of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, and 5 cm was used. The tumors and the surrounding liver parenchyma-mimicking areas were filled with ⁹⁹ᵐTc at a ratio of 4.88:1. The phantom was imaged in a water tank using standard clinical protocols for both planar and SPECT scintigraphy. Contrast and CNRs were calculated from regions of interest (ROI). Results: In SPECT images, as tumor diameter increased, tumor-to-normal liver ratio (T/N) per milliliter, contrast, CNR, and tumor doses also increased. Tumor doses for 1 cm and 5 cm diameter lesions were found to be 6.9 Gy/ml and 13.43 Gy/ml, respectively. Conclusion: This study analyzed the mutual effect of ROI counts in the presence of small and multiple tumors in ⁹⁹ᵐTc-MAA pre-dosimetry for liver tumors. It was observed that smaller tumors (1–3 cm) located near larger tumors were affected by spillover from the larger lesions, resulting in artificially elevated ROI counts and consequently overestimated dose calculations. In conclusion, the presence of larger lesions may influence dosimetric evaluations of smaller (1–3 cm) tumors, potentially leading to inaccurate dose assessments.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Medical Education

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 31, 2025

Submission Date

September 1, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 22, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 47 Number: 4

AMA
1.Kozanlılar M, Coşkun S, Yeyin N, Demir M. Investigation of the impact of tumor volume and tumor proximity on dosimetry in scintigraphic imaging of the liver: A phantom study. CMJ. 2025;47(4):13-19. doi:10.7197/cmj.1775778