Review

The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Strengthening in Chondromalacia Patella Rehabilitation and the Contribution to Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Volume: 48 Number: 2 June 30, 2026
TR EN

The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Strengthening in Chondromalacia Patella Rehabilitation and the Contribution to Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Chondromalacia Patella (CMP), one of the most common knee joint pathologies, is a progressive condition characterized by structural deterioration in the retropatellar cartilage and causing anterior knee pain. Although strengthening the quadriceps muscle group is considered a fundamental component of treatment, the effectiveness of different exercise protocols continues to be debated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of quadriceps strengthening exercises in CMP rehabilitation and to comparatively examine the clinical superiority of these methods over holistic biomechanical approaches with stabilization of adjacent joints such as the hip, in light of the literature. This study was designed as a systematic literature review. The PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were used to access academic publications published between January 1, 2010, and January 1, 2026; the databases were searched using the keywords "chondromalacia patella", "chondromalacia patella exercises", "chondromalacia patella rehabilitation", and "chondromalacia patella treatment". The review process was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines, and 7 articles directly related to the topic were included in the final evaluation in line with the determined PICO criteria. The studies reviewed showed that quadriceps muscle strength loss is directly related to CMP and that both isometric and isotonic exercises provide significant improvement in pain and functional scores. However, some studies have shown that strengthening the posterolateral hip muscles provides superior and lasting results in earlier pain control compared to quadriceps exercises. In addition, holistic approaches such as spinal manipulation were found to be effective in improving knee function by correcting lumbar spinal alignment and restoring the biomechanical balance of the lower extremity kinetic chain. While exercises aimed at strengthening the quadriceps muscle are of fundamental importance in CMP rehabilitation, going beyond local approaches is necessary for the success of the treatment. In order to optimize clinical outcomes and accelerate the healing process, hip stabilization with quadriceps exercises is necessary. It is recommended that these be integrated with biomechanical approaches encompassing the entire lower extremity kinetic chain.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

People With Disability, Health Physics

Journal Section

Review

Publication Date

June 30, 2026

Submission Date

February 25, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 1, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 48 Number: 2

APA
Özduran, E. (2026). The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Strengthening in Chondromalacia Patella Rehabilitation and the Contribution to Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal, 48(2), 35-40. https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1897775
AMA
1.Özduran E. The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Strengthening in Chondromalacia Patella Rehabilitation and the Contribution to Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review. CMJ. 2026;48(2):35-40. doi:10.7197/cmj.1897775
Chicago
Özduran, Erkan. 2026. “The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Strengthening in Chondromalacia Patella Rehabilitation and the Contribution to Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review”. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal 48 (2): 35-40. https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1897775.
EndNote
Özduran E (June 1, 2026) The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Strengthening in Chondromalacia Patella Rehabilitation and the Contribution to Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal 48 2 35–40.
IEEE
[1]E. Özduran, “The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Strengthening in Chondromalacia Patella Rehabilitation and the Contribution to Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review”, CMJ, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 35–40, June 2026, doi: 10.7197/cmj.1897775.
ISNAD
Özduran, Erkan. “The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Strengthening in Chondromalacia Patella Rehabilitation and the Contribution to Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review”. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal 48/2 (June 1, 2026): 35-40. https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1897775.
JAMA
1.Özduran E. The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Strengthening in Chondromalacia Patella Rehabilitation and the Contribution to Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review. CMJ. 2026;48:35–40.
MLA
Özduran, Erkan. “The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Strengthening in Chondromalacia Patella Rehabilitation and the Contribution to Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review”. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal, vol. 48, no. 2, June 2026, pp. 35-40, doi:10.7197/cmj.1897775.
Vancouver
1.Erkan Özduran. The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Strengthening in Chondromalacia Patella Rehabilitation and the Contribution to Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review. CMJ. 2026 Jun. 1;48(2):35-40. doi:10.7197/cmj.1897775