Urinary incontinence and risk factors

Volume: 37 Number: 1 March 27, 2015
EN TR

Urinary incontinence and risk factors

Abstract

SUMMARY

Objective: Examining the effects of body mass index (BMI), parity, method of delivery, defects in pelvic floor, diabetes mellitus on the types of incontinence in Urinary Incontinence (UI) cases. Method: 230 UI cases were evaluated in this study. Questions asked to the cases to determine the age, parity and the type of incontinence. Incontinence was diagnosed with history. Additionally, gynecological examination findings, fasting and postprandial blood glucose (FBG-PPG) and hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) levels were recorded. Results: The average age was 49.63 ± 10.68; gravida 4.21 ± 2.68; parity 3.59 ± 2.51. The average BMI was determined as 29.86 ± 4.25. In 94 (40.86%) of the patients had stress incontinence(SUI), 70 (30.43%) urge incontinence(UUI) and 66 (28.69%) mixed incontinence. Pelvic floor defects was detected at 94(40.86%) of the cases. Whereas SUI was observed more prominently in juvenile cases with low parity accompanied by anatomic pelvic deformity; the divergence disappears with the introduction of no pelvic floor defect and with 5 or more instances of gestation and delivery. In 114 (49.56%) cases obesity + morbid obesity was existent. In this group, the types of incontinence were similar; in 116 (51.44%) of the cases with normal weight, SUI was more prevalent. It was observed that there was impaired fasting glucose(IFG) in 68 (29.56%) of cases impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) in 49 (21.30%) of cases and diabetes mellitus in 35 (15.21%) of cases. In IGT cases, SUI was more prevalent. UUI was observed more frequently than MUI and SUI in diabetes cases; however the divergence didn’t bear any statistical significance (p>0.05). Conclusion: SUI is prevalent in juvenile cases with IFG and IGT, low parity and delivery, anatomic defects due to traumatic birth,. The divergence disappears with advanced age, high parity and delivery. MUI is observed with advanced age more frequently. UUI is observed more frequently in advanced age patient with DM.

Keywords: Impaired glucose tolerance, urinary incontinence, risk factors

 

ÖZET

Amaç: Üriner inkontinanslı hastalarda vücut kitle indeksi, parite, doğum şekli,pelvik taban defektleri ve gizli veya aşikar diabetin inkontinans tiplerinin dağılımı üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması. Yöntem: 230 üriner inkontinans olgusu değerlendirildi. Olgulara; yaş, gebelik, parite, Diabetes Mellitus(DM), gestasyonel diabet ve inkontinans tipini saptamaya yönelik soru formları dolduruldu. Ayrıca boy, kilo, jinekolojik muayene bulguları, açlık-tokluk kan şekeri(AKŞ-TKŞ) ve hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) ölçümleri değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Olgularda ortalama yaş 49,63 ± 10,68; gravida 4,21 ± 2,68; parite 3,59 ± 2,51; vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) ortalaması 29,86 ± 4,25 saptanmıştır. Olguların %40,9’unda (94) stres, %30,4’ünde (70) urge, %28,7’sinde (66) mikst inkontinans saptanmıştır. Pelvik taban bozukluğu 94 (%40,86) olguda tespit edildi. Pelvik anatomik bozuklukların eşlik ettiği, genç yaş, düşük parite ve doğumda stres üriner inkontinans (SUİ) baskınlığı ön plandayken; pelvik taban defekti olmayan, daha ileri yaş, 5 ve üzeri gebelik ve doğum yapanlarda bu fark ortadan alkmaktadır; 114 (%49,56) olguda obezite + morbid obezite mevcuttu. 68 (%29,56) olguda BAG, 49 (%21,30) olguda BGT ve 35 (%15,21) olguda DM tespit edildi. Bozulmuş glukoz toleransı (BGT) saptanan olgularda (SÜİ) daha yüksek orandaydı. Diabet saptanan olgularda urge üriner inkontinans (UÜİ); mikst (MÜİ) ve SÜİ’a göre daha fazla saptanmış olmakla birlikte her iki durumda da farklar istatistiksel önemde değildi (p>0,05). Sonuç: Düşük parite ve doğum, travmatik doğuma bağlı olabilecek anatomik bozukluk, bozulmuş açlık ve tokluk kan şekeri ve genç yaş SÜİ ile ilişkilidir. Daha ileri yaş, yüksek parite ve doğumda gruplar arasında bu fark ortadan kalkmaktadır. İleri yaşla birlikte MÜİ daha sık izlenir. UUİ ileri yaştaki diabetes mellituslu hastalarda sıktır.

Anahtar sözcükler: Bozulmuş glukoz toleransı, üriner inkontinans, risk faktörleri

Keywords

References

  1. Abrams P, Blavias JG, Stanton SL, Andersen JT. The standardization ofterminology for lower urinary tract function. Br J Obstet Gynae- col 1990; 97: 1-16.
  2. Hunskaar S, Sandvik H. One hun- dred and fifty men with urinary in- continence. III. Psychosocial con- sequences. Scand J Prim Health Care 1993; 11: 193-6.
  3. Lawson JO. Pelvic anatomy. I. Pelvic floor muscles. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1974; 54: 244-52.
  4. Minassian VA, Drutz HP, Al-Badr A. Urinary incontinence as a worldwide problem. Int J Gynae- col Obstet 2003; 82: 327-38.
  5. Kumbasar AB: Impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glu- cose. Ed: Altuntaş Y, Yenigun M: All Aspects of Diabetes Mellitus. 2001; 236-45.
  6. Devore EE, Townsend MK, Res- nick NM, Grodstein F. The epide- miology of urinary incontinence in women with Type 2 diabetes. J Urol 2012; 188: 1816-21.
  7. Ozerdogan N, Beji NK, Yalcin O. Urinary incontinence: Its preva- lence, risk factors and effects on the quality of life of women living in a region of Turkey. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2004; 58: 145-50.
  8. Maral I, Ozkardes H, Peskircioglu L, Bumin MA. Prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in both sexes at or after age 15 years: A cross-sectional study. J Urol 2001; 165: 408-12.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

-

Authors

Mehlika Yaz

Abdulah Taşyurt

Publication Date

March 27, 2015

Submission Date

November 29, 2013

Acceptance Date

-

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 37 Number: 1

AMA
1.Yaz M, Kurt S, Demirtaş Ö, Taşyurt A. Urinary incontinence and risk factors. CMJ. 2015;37(1):30-36. doi:10.7197/cmj.v37i1.1008002529

Cited By