Abstract
References
- 1. Baena-Dı´ez JM, Pen˜ afiel J, Subirana I et al. Risk of causespecific death in individuals with diabetes: a competing risks analysis. Diabetes Care 2016;39(11):1987–95.
- 2. N H Cho , J E Shaw , S Karuranga et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018 Apr;138:271-281.
- 3. American Diabetes Association. 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2020. Diabetes Care. 2020 Jan;43(Suppl 1):S14-S31. doi: 10.2337/dc20-S002.
- 4. Hertzel C Gerstein , Pasqualina Santaguida, Parminder Raina et al. Annual incidence and relative risk of diabetes in people with various categories of dysglycemia: a systematic overview and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2007 Dec;78(3):305-12.
- 5. Tuomilehto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson JG et al. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med . 2001; 344:1343–1350
- 6. Gopal Peddinti , Michael Bergman , Tiinamaija Tuomi , Leif Groop. 1-Hour Post-OGTT Glucose Improves the Early Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes by Clinical and Metabolic Markers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Apr 1;104(4):1131-1140.
- 7. Hulman A, Vistisen D, Gl ¨umer C, Bergman M, Witte DR, Færch K. Glucose patterns during an oral glucose tolerance test and associations with future diabetes, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality rate. Diabetologia. 2018;61(1):101–107.
- 8. Paulweber B, Valensi P, Lindstr ¨om J, et al. European evidence-based guideline for the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Horm Metab Res. 2010;42(suppl 01):S3–S36
- 9. Unwin N, Shaw J, Zimmet P, Alberti KGMM: Impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glycaemia: the current status on definition and intervention. Diabetes Med 2002;19:708–723.
- 10. Jagannathan R, Sevick MA, Fink D, et al. The 1-hour post-load glucose level is more effective than HbA1c for screening dysglycemia. Acta Diabetol. 2016;53(4):543–550.
- 11. Alyass A, Almgren P, Akerlund M, et al. Modelling of OGTT curve identifies 1 h plasma glucose level as a strong predictor of incident type 2 diabetes: results from two prospective cohorts. Diabetologia. 2015;58(1):87–97.
- 12. Bergman M, Chetrit A, Roth J, Jagannathan R, Sevick M, Dankner R. One-hour post-load plasma glucose level during the OGTT predicts dysglycemia: observations from the 24 year follow-up of the Israel Study of Glucose Intolerance, Obesity and Hypertension. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2016;120:221–228.
- 13. Bergman M, Chetrit A, Roth J, Dankner R. One-hour post-load plasma glucose level during the OGTT predicts mortality: observations from the Israel Study of Glucose Intolerance, Obesity and Hypertension. Diabet Med. 2016;33(8):1060–1066.
- 14. Pareek M, Bhatt DL, Nielsen ML, et al. Enhanced predictive capability of a 1-hour oral glucose tolerance test: a prospective population-based cohort study. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(1):171– 177.
- 15. Abdul-Ghani MA, Tamam Abdul-Ghani T, Ali N, DeFronzo RA: One-hour plasma glucose concentration and the metabolic syndrome identify subjects at high risk of future type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2008;31:1650–1655
- 16. Manco M, Panunzi S, Macfarlane DP, Golay A, Melander O, Konrad T, Petrie JR, Mingrone G; the Relationship between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular Risk (RISC) Consortium: One hour plasma glucose identifies insulin resistance and b-cell dysfunction in individuals with normal glucose tolerance. Diabetes Care 2010;33:2090–2097.
- 17. Oka R, Aizawa T, Miyamoto S et al. One-hour plasma glucose as a predictor of the development of type 2 diabetes in Japanese adults. Diabet Med 2016;33:1399–405.
- 18. Joshi SR, Karne R: Pre-diabetes, dysglycaemia and early glucose intolerance and vascular health. J Assoc Physicians India 2007;55:829–831.
First Hour Plasma Glucose in 75 gr Oral Glucose Tolerance Test And Risk of Developing Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
Introduction: Early detection of dysglycemia is critical for avoiding the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). The risk of developing type 2 diabetes is assessed using fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour plasma glucose (PG) after a 75 gr oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Intermediate steps taken during an OGTT may reveal additional details about a person's diabetes risk in the future. The aim of our study was to assess the risk of developing diabetes in patients with high one hour plasma glucose level in a 75 gr OGTT.
Method: Patients who received 75 g OGTT were included in the study. During the 75gr OGTT, patients with FPG below 100 mg/dl and 2-hour PG below 140 mg/dl but first hour PG above 200 mg/dl were included in this study. We evaluated whether the patients diagnosed with T2D by hospital data, e-nabız (an online public healthcare data system) and via direct contact with patients. American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria was used for T2D diagnose.
Results: We have included 73 patients which were 31 male and 42 female in our study. The youngest patient was 23 and the oldest one was 74. The median age was 51. We have found that the mean FPG in OGTT was 92.55±5.12mg/dl, 1-hour PG was 215.42±17.94mg/dl and 2- hour PG was 112.01±22.92mg/dl. Patients were followed minimum of 20 months and maximum of 65 months. The median was 37 months. During the follow up 30 patiens (%41.1) have developed T2D in 28.17±14.25 months. There were no direct correlation between age and sex with developing T2D. We found no correlation between 1-hour PG levels and T2D developing time in patients who developed T2D ( r:0.118, p=0.536). There were no evidence of correlation between T2D developing time and age (p:0.980 r:0.005). There was no difference between patients with and without T2D in terms of age, FPG, 1-hour PG, 2-hour PG and follow-up time.
Conclusion: Despite the limitations of our study, we think that checking the PG level in the first hour during OGTT will be useful in early detection of individuals at risk for diabetes and preventing diabetes.
References
- 1. Baena-Dı´ez JM, Pen˜ afiel J, Subirana I et al. Risk of causespecific death in individuals with diabetes: a competing risks analysis. Diabetes Care 2016;39(11):1987–95.
- 2. N H Cho , J E Shaw , S Karuranga et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018 Apr;138:271-281.
- 3. American Diabetes Association. 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2020. Diabetes Care. 2020 Jan;43(Suppl 1):S14-S31. doi: 10.2337/dc20-S002.
- 4. Hertzel C Gerstein , Pasqualina Santaguida, Parminder Raina et al. Annual incidence and relative risk of diabetes in people with various categories of dysglycemia: a systematic overview and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2007 Dec;78(3):305-12.
- 5. Tuomilehto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson JG et al. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med . 2001; 344:1343–1350
- 6. Gopal Peddinti , Michael Bergman , Tiinamaija Tuomi , Leif Groop. 1-Hour Post-OGTT Glucose Improves the Early Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes by Clinical and Metabolic Markers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Apr 1;104(4):1131-1140.
- 7. Hulman A, Vistisen D, Gl ¨umer C, Bergman M, Witte DR, Færch K. Glucose patterns during an oral glucose tolerance test and associations with future diabetes, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality rate. Diabetologia. 2018;61(1):101–107.
- 8. Paulweber B, Valensi P, Lindstr ¨om J, et al. European evidence-based guideline for the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Horm Metab Res. 2010;42(suppl 01):S3–S36
- 9. Unwin N, Shaw J, Zimmet P, Alberti KGMM: Impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glycaemia: the current status on definition and intervention. Diabetes Med 2002;19:708–723.
- 10. Jagannathan R, Sevick MA, Fink D, et al. The 1-hour post-load glucose level is more effective than HbA1c for screening dysglycemia. Acta Diabetol. 2016;53(4):543–550.
- 11. Alyass A, Almgren P, Akerlund M, et al. Modelling of OGTT curve identifies 1 h plasma glucose level as a strong predictor of incident type 2 diabetes: results from two prospective cohorts. Diabetologia. 2015;58(1):87–97.
- 12. Bergman M, Chetrit A, Roth J, Jagannathan R, Sevick M, Dankner R. One-hour post-load plasma glucose level during the OGTT predicts dysglycemia: observations from the 24 year follow-up of the Israel Study of Glucose Intolerance, Obesity and Hypertension. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2016;120:221–228.
- 13. Bergman M, Chetrit A, Roth J, Dankner R. One-hour post-load plasma glucose level during the OGTT predicts mortality: observations from the Israel Study of Glucose Intolerance, Obesity and Hypertension. Diabet Med. 2016;33(8):1060–1066.
- 14. Pareek M, Bhatt DL, Nielsen ML, et al. Enhanced predictive capability of a 1-hour oral glucose tolerance test: a prospective population-based cohort study. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(1):171– 177.
- 15. Abdul-Ghani MA, Tamam Abdul-Ghani T, Ali N, DeFronzo RA: One-hour plasma glucose concentration and the metabolic syndrome identify subjects at high risk of future type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2008;31:1650–1655
- 16. Manco M, Panunzi S, Macfarlane DP, Golay A, Melander O, Konrad T, Petrie JR, Mingrone G; the Relationship between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular Risk (RISC) Consortium: One hour plasma glucose identifies insulin resistance and b-cell dysfunction in individuals with normal glucose tolerance. Diabetes Care 2010;33:2090–2097.
- 17. Oka R, Aizawa T, Miyamoto S et al. One-hour plasma glucose as a predictor of the development of type 2 diabetes in Japanese adults. Diabet Med 2016;33:1399–405.
- 18. Joshi SR, Karne R: Pre-diabetes, dysglycaemia and early glucose intolerance and vascular health. J Assoc Physicians India 2007;55:829–831.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Medical Science Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 31, 2022 |
| Acceptance Date | December 29, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022Volume: 44 Issue: 4 |