First Hour Plasma Glucose in 75 gr Oral Glucose Tolerance Test And Risk of Developing Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: Early detection of dysglycemia is critical for avoiding the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). The risk of developing type 2 diabetes is assessed using fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour plasma glucose (PG) after a 75 gr oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Intermediate steps taken during an OGTT may reveal additional details about a person's diabetes risk in the future. The aim of our study was to assess the risk of developing diabetes in patients with high one hour plasma glucose level in a 75 gr OGTT. Method: Patients who received 75 g OGTT were included in the study. During the 75gr OGTT, patients with FPG below 100 mg/dl and 2-hour PG below 140 mg/dl but first hour PG above 200 mg/dl were included in this study. We evaluated whether the patients diagnosed with T2D by hospital data, e-nabız (an online public healthcare data system) and via direct contact with patients. American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria was used for T2D diagnose. Results: We have included 73 patients which were 31 male and 42 female in our study. The youngest patient was 23 and the oldest one was 74. The median age was 51. We have found that the mean FPG in OGTT was 92.55±5.12mg/dl, 1-hour PG was 215.42±17.94mg/dl and 2- hour PG was 112.01±22.92mg/dl. Patients were followed minimum of 20 months and maximum of 65 months. The median was 37 months. During the follow up 30 patiens (%41.1) have developed T2D in 28.17±14.25 months. There were no direct correlation between age and sex with developing T2D. We found no correlation between 1-hour PG levels and T2D developing time in patients who developed T2D ( r:0.118, p=0.536). There were no evidence of correlation between T2D developing time and age (p:0.980 r:0.005). There was no difference between patients with and without T2D in terms of age, FPG, 1-hour PG, 2-hour PG and follow-up time. Conclusion: Despite the limitations of our study, we think that checking the PG level in the first hour during OGTT will be useful in early detection of individuals at risk for diabetes and preventing diabetes.