Diagnosis and Management of Dissemine İntravascular Coagulation

İlhan Korkmaz

doi:10.7197/cmj.1601051

Review

Dissemine İntravasküler koagulasyonun tanı ve yönetimi

Year 2024, Volume: 46 Issue: 4, 240 - 246, 31.12.2024

İlhan Korkmaz

https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1601051

Abstract

Bu derlemedeki öncelikli olarak amacımız birçok travmatik veya nontravmatik hastalıklara eşlik eden ve mortaliteyi arttıran dissemine intravasküler koagulasyonu tanımlayarak patofizyolojisi hakkında bilgi verip, erken dönemde tanınmasını sağlamak. Trombotik veya kanamalar ile seyreden dissemine intravasküler koagulasyonun erken dönemde tanınması antikoagulan veya kan ürünleri ve kriyopresipitat tedavisinin erken başlanması prognozu olumlu etkilemektedir.

Keywords

Dissemine İntravasküler koagulasyon, Koagulasyon, tromboz, kanama

References

1. Dupuy M. Injections de matière cérébrale dans les veines. Gaz Med Paris. 1834;2:524.
2. Trousseau A. Phlegmasia alba dolens. Clin Med Hotel Dieu Paris. 1865;3:695.
3. Naunyn B. Untersuchungen über Blutgerinnung im lebenden Thiere und ihre Folgen. Arch Exp Pathol Pharmacol. 1873;3(1):1-17.
4. Wooldridge LC. Note on the relation of the red cell corpuscules to coagulation. Practitioner. 1886;38:187.
5. Wooldridge LC. Ueber intravasculare gerinnungen. Arch Ant Physiol Abt (Leipzig). 1886:397.
6. Ratnoff OD, Pritchard JA, Colopy JE. Hemorrhagic states during pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 1955;253(3):97-102.
7. Lasch HG, Heene DL, Huth K, Sandritter W. Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and therapy of consumption-coagulopathy (“Verbrauchskoagulopathie”). Am J Cardiol. 1967;20(3):381-39.
8. Taylor FB, Toh CH, Hoots WK, Wada H, Levi M, et al. Towards definition, clinical and laboratory criteria, and a scoring system for disseminated intravascular coagulation. Thromb Haemost. 2001;86:1327-1330.
9. Crey MJ, Rodgers GM. Disseminated intravascular coagulation; clinical and laboratory aspects. Am J Hematol. 1998;59:65-68.
10. Sallah S, Wan JY, Nguyen NP, Hanrahan LR, Sigounas G. Disseminated intravascular coagulation in solid tumors: clinical and pathologic study. Thromb Haemost. 2001;86(3):828-833.
11. Smith OP, White B, Vaughan D, et al. Use of protein-C concentrate, heparin, and haemodiafiltration in meningococcus-induced purpura fulminans. Lancet. 1997;350(9091):1590-1593. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(97)06356-3
12. Squizzato A, Gallo A, Levi M, et al. Underlying disorders of disseminated intravascular coagulation: communication from the ISTH SSC Subcommittees on Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Perioperative and Critical Care Thrombosis and Hemostasis. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18(09):2400-2407.
13. Levi M, Ten Cate H. Disseminated intravascular coagulation. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:586.
14. Leung L. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in adults: evaluation and management. In: Mannucci P, ed. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc; 2021.
15. Jiang H, Liu L, Guo T, et al. Improving the safety of CAR-T cell therapy by controlling CRS-related coagulopathy. Ann Hematol. 2019;98(7):1721-1732. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-019-03685-z
16. Levi M, van der Poll T. A short contemporary history of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2014;40:874-880.
17. Rodgers GM. Acquired coagulation disorders. In: Greer JP, Arber DA, Glader BE, et al, eds. Wintrobe’s Clinical Hematology. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health; 2014:1186-1217.
18. Levi M, van der Poll T. Disseminated intravascular coagulation: a review for the internist. Int Emerg Med. 2013;8:23-32.
19. Levi M. Disseminated intravascular coagulation. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier; 2013:2001-2012.
20. Schmaier AL, Miller JL. Coagulation and fibrosis. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 22nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders; 2011:785-800.
21. Bakhtiari K, Meijers JC, de Jonge E, et al. Prospective validation of the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis scoring system for disseminated intravascular coagulation. Crit Care Med. 2004;32:2416-2421.
22. Gando S, Iba T, Eguchi Y, et al. A multicenter, prospective validation of disseminated intravascular coagulation diagnostic criteria for critically ill patients: comparing current criteria. Crit Care Med. 2006;34:625-631.
23. Levi M, Toh CH, Thachil J, Watson HG. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of disseminated intravascular coagulation. British Committee for Standards in Haematology. Br J Haematol. 2009;145(1):24-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2009.07600.x
24. Wada H, Matsumoto T, Yamashita Y. Diagnosis and treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) according to four DIC guidelines. J Intensive Care. 2014;2(1):15. doi: 10.1186/2052-0492-2-15
25. Wada H, Asakura H, Okamoto K, et al. Expert consensus for the treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation in Japan. Thromb Res. 2010;125:6-11.
26. Di Nisio M, Baudo F, Cosmi B, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation: guidelines of the Italian society for haemostasis and thrombosis (SISET). Thromb Res. 2012;129:e177-e184.
27. Wada H, Thachil J, Di Nisio M, et al. Guidance for diagnosis and treatment of DIC from harmonization of the recommendations from three guidelines. J Thromb Haemost. 2013;11:761-767. 28. Levi M, Scully M. How I treat disseminated intravascular coagulation. Blood. 2018;131:845-5484.
29. Collins P, Abdul-Kadir R, Thachil J. Management of coagulopathy associated with postpartum hemorrhage: guidance from the SSC of the ISTH. J Thromb Haemost. 2016;14:205-210.
30. Bolton-Maggs PH, Perry DJ, Chalmers EA, et al. The rare coagulation disorders–review with guidelines for management from the United Kingdom Haemophilia Centre Doctors’ Organisation. Haemophilia. 2004;10:593-628.
31. Kongstad T, Mikkelsen S, Hvas AM. Disseminated intravascular coagulation in children with cancer: a systematic review. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2020;37(5):390-411.
32. Tang N, Bai H, Chen X, et al. Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18(5):1094-1099.
33. Mant MJ, King EG. Severe, acute disseminated intravascular coagulation. Am J Med. 1979;67(4):557-563.
34. Peng JC, Nie F, Li YJ, et al. Favorable outcomes of anticoagulation with unfractioned heparin in sepsis-induced coagulopathy: a retrospective analysis of MIMIC-III database. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022;8:773339. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.773339
35. Zou ZY, Huang JJ, Luan YY, et al. Early prophylactic anticoagulation with heparin alleviates mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis: a retrospective analysis from the MIMIC-IV database. Burns Trauma. 2022;10:tkac029. doi: 10.1093/burnst/tkac029
36. Jaimes F, De La Rosa G, Morales C, et al. Unfractioned heparin for treatment of sepsis: a randomized clinical trial (the HETRASE Study). Crit Care Med. 2009;37:1185-1196.
37. Liu XL, Wang XZ, Liu XX, et al. Low-dose heparin as treatment for early disseminated intravascular coagulation during sepsis: a prospective clinical study. Exp Ther Med. 2014;7:604-608.
38. Squizzato A, Hunt BJ, Kinasewitz GT, et al. Supportive management strategies for disseminated intravascular
39. Rabinovich A, Abdul-Kadir R, Thachil J et all. DIC in obstetrics: diagnostic score, highlights in management, and international registry-communication from the DIC and Women’s Health SSCs of the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. J Thromb Haemost. 2019;17:1562–6.