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Inequalities in Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in Turkey: An Analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey Series
Öz
Objective: This study aimed to examine trends in health inequalities by place of residence and household welfare using data from the Turkey Demographic and Health Survey.
Methods: Absolute and relative inequalities were calculated using the methods recommended in the WHO Health Inequality Monitoring Handbook, which focuses on low- and middle-income countries. Absolute inequality is the difference between the two subgroups and relative inequality is the ratio between the two subgroups. Inequalities in the field of child, reproductive, and women's health were measured using simple measurement methods recommended in the WHO Health Inequality Monitoring Handbook. To examine changes in health inequalities across household welfare levels and rural-urban residence, we used data from the 2008, 2013, and 2018 Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys.
Results: Living in rural and low-income areas has been found to be predominantly disadvantaged. Increased inequality in child vaccination and the use of modern contraceptive methods has been seen by wealth level. Increases in inequality were found in indicators such as adolescent pregnancy, violence against women, years of education for women, and low birth weight, both by wealth level and by residence. However, inequalities in prenatal and postnatal care and the percentage of children receiving all basic vaccinations by residence have decreased, and rural areas have even become more advantaged.
Conclusion: Policies targeting rural areas and low levels of welfare are needed to reduce health inequalities. While addressing disadvantaged groups to reduce inequalities is necessary, urban areas are at higher risk for childhood obesity and exclusive breastfeeding. Interestingly, these groups have higher wealth levels and should be selected as the target group for intervention. The findings suggest that the programs implemented in our country are effective in reducing inequalities in some indicators.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Etik Beyan
Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu'nun 18.09.2019 tarih ve 2019-15/20 sayılı kararıyla izin alınmıştır.
Kaynakça
- 1.Wyatt R, Laderman M, Botwinick L, Mate K, Whittington J. Achieving Health Equity: A Guide for Health Care Organizations. (Roessner J, Weber V, eds.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Institute for Healthcare Improvement; 2016.
- 2. World Health Organization. Constitution of the World Health Organization. 1946. Bull World Health Organ. 2002;80(12):983-984.
- 3. International Conference on Primary Health Care. Declaration of Alma-Ata. WHO Chron. 1978;32(11):428- 430.
- 4. WHO. Declaration of Astana. In: Declaration of Astana. From Alma-Ata towards universal health coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals. Astana; 2018.
- 5. Rosa W, ed. Transforming our world: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. In: A New Era in Global Health. Springer Publishing Company; 2017. doi:10.1891/9780826190123.ap02 Paslıoğlu and Özdemir/ CMJ.2025;47(4):3-12. 12
- 6. Hosseinpoor AR, Bergen N, Lee JH, et al. Handbook on Health Inequality Monitoring: With a Special Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries. WHO, 2013.
- 7. Hosseinpoor AR, Nambiar D, Schlotheuber A. Monitoring health inequality in Indonesia. Glob Health Action. 2018;11(sup1):3-6. doi:10.1080/16549716.2018.1475041
- 8. Explorations of Inequality: Childhood Immunization, World Health Organization; 2018.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Sağlık ve Toplum Hizmetleri
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yayımlanma Tarihi
31 Aralık 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi
19 Eylül 2025
Kabul Tarihi
7 Kasım 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2025 Cilt: 47 Sayı: 4
APA
Paslıoğlu, S., & Özdemir, L. (2025). Inequalities in Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in Turkey: An Analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey Series. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal, 47(4), 3-12. https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1787485
AMA
1.Paslıoğlu S, Özdemir L. Inequalities in Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in Turkey: An Analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey Series. CMJ. 2025;47(4):3-12. doi:10.7197/cmj.1787485
Chicago
Paslıoğlu, Sema, ve Levent Özdemir. 2025. “Inequalities in Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in Turkey: An Analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey Series”. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal 47 (4): 3-12. https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1787485.
EndNote
Paslıoğlu S, Özdemir L (01 Aralık 2025) Inequalities in Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in Turkey: An Analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey Series. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal 47 4 3–12.
IEEE
[1]S. Paslıoğlu ve L. Özdemir, “Inequalities in Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in Turkey: An Analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey Series”, CMJ, c. 47, sy 4, ss. 3–12, Ara. 2025, doi: 10.7197/cmj.1787485.
ISNAD
Paslıoğlu, Sema - Özdemir, Levent. “Inequalities in Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in Turkey: An Analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey Series”. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal 47/4 (01 Aralık 2025): 3-12. https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1787485.
JAMA
1.Paslıoğlu S, Özdemir L. Inequalities in Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in Turkey: An Analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey Series. CMJ. 2025;47:3–12.
MLA
Paslıoğlu, Sema, ve Levent Özdemir. “Inequalities in Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in Turkey: An Analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey Series”. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal, c. 47, sy 4, Aralık 2025, ss. 3-12, doi:10.7197/cmj.1787485.
Vancouver
1.Sema Paslıoğlu, Levent Özdemir. Inequalities in Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in Turkey: An Analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey Series. CMJ. 01 Aralık 2025;47(4):3-12. doi:10.7197/cmj.1787485