Araştırma Makalesi

Negative Laparotomy in Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Before Routine CT-Based Triage: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort

Cilt: 48 Sayı: 3 30 Eylül 2026
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Negative Laparotomy in Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Before Routine CT-Based Triage: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort

Öz

Objective: To determine the rate of negative laparotomy in patients undergoing exploratory laparotomy for penetrating abdominal trauma during a period before routine computed tomography (CT)–based triage was integrated into the institutional pathway, and to compare clinical features and short-term outcomes between negative and therapeutic laparotomy groups.

Methods: In total, 189 consecutive patients who underwent exploratory laparotomy for penetrating abdominal trauma between January 1997 and August 2002 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified by operative findings as negative laparotomy (NL) or therapeutic laparotomy (TL); the NL group combined strictly negative explorations and non-therapeutic laparotomies with only incidental findings. Injury mechanism, wound characteristics, preoperative diagnostic approach, postoperative complications, in-hospital mortality and length of hospital stay were compared between groups.

Results: NL occurred in 62/189 patients (32.8%; 95% CI 26.5–39.8) and TL in 127 (67.2%). Stab wounds accounted for 171 cases (90.5%) and gunshot wounds for 18 (9.5%). Mechanism, wound localization and wound number were not significantly associated with operative findings (p > 0.05). Local wound exploration alone was the most frequent diagnostic modality (131/189, 69.3%). Complications occurred in 1/62 NL (1.6%) and 8/127 TL (6.3%) patients (p = 0.276). All seven in-hospital deaths (3.7%) occurred in the TL group — five from exsanguinating vascular injury and two from late anastomotic leak. Median hospital stay was 5 days (IQR 4–6) in NL versus 7 days (IQR 6–9) in TL (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: About one third of laparotomies in this pre-CT-triage cohort were negative. Injury descriptors and the preoperative diagnostic approach did not clearly discriminate NL from TL in this dataset; TL was associated with longer hospitalization. All deaths occurred in the TL group and reflected severe vascular or intestinal injury. These data provide a local baseline for evaluating outcomes after CT-supported selective management.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

The authors received no specific funding for this work.

Etik Beyan

The study was originally conducted between 1997 and 2002 and analyzed as a postgraduate medical specialty thesis that was reviewed and approved through the thesis evaluation procedures applicable to specialty training research at the host training and research hospital at that time. Informed consent was not obtained due to the retrospective design of the study and the use of de-identified archived records.

Teşekkür

The authors thank the medical records department of their institution for their assistance in accessing the archived case files used in this study.

Kaynakça

  1. Como JJ, Bokhari F, Chiu WC, et al. Practice management guidelines for selective nonoperative management of penetrating abdominal trauma. J Trauma. 2010;68(3):721–733. doi:10.1097/TA.0b013e3181cf7d07
  2. World Health Organization. Injuries and violence. 2024. Accessed February 11, 2026. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/injuries-and-violence
  3. Naghavi M, Ong KL, Aali A, et al. Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet. 2024;403(10440):2100–2132. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00367-2
  4. Smyth L, Bendinelli C, Lee N, et al. WSES guidelines on blunt and penetrating bowel injury: diagnosis, investigations, and treatment. World J Emerg Surg. 2022;17(1):13. doi:10.1186/s13017-022-00418-y
  5. Ertekin C, Yanar H, Taviloglu K, Guloglu R, Alimoglu O. Unnecessary laparotomy by using physical examination and different diagnostic modalities for penetrating abdominal stab wounds. Emerg Med J. 2005;22(11):790–794. doi:10.1136/emj.2004.020834
  6. Wolmarans A, Fru PN, Moeng MS. Accuracy of CT scan for detecting hollow viscus injury in penetrating abdominal trauma. World J Surg. 2023;47(6):1457–1463. doi:10.1007/s00268-023-06954-1
  7. Durso AM, Paes FM, Caban K, et al. Evaluation of penetrating abdominal and pelvic trauma. Eur J Radiol. 2020;130:109187. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109187
  8. Hage K, Nelson A, Khurshid MH, et al. Diagnostic laparoscopy in trauma patients: do we need to open and see if we can see without opening? J Surg Res. 2024;303:14–21. doi:10.1016/j.jss.2024.08.014

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Sistemleri (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Eylül 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

19 Mayıs 2026

Kabul Tarihi

24 Temmuz 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 48 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA
Atlı, M., & Nazlı, O. (2026). Negative Laparotomy in Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Before Routine CT-Based Triage: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal, 48(3), 112-119. https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1954888
AMA
1.Atlı M, Nazlı O. Negative Laparotomy in Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Before Routine CT-Based Triage: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort. CMJ. 2026;48(3):112-119. doi:10.7197/cmj.1954888
Chicago
Atlı, Muzaffer, ve Okay Nazlı. 2026. “Negative Laparotomy in Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Before Routine CT-Based Triage: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort”. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal 48 (3): 112-19. https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1954888.
EndNote
Atlı M, Nazlı O (01 Eylül 2026) Negative Laparotomy in Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Before Routine CT-Based Triage: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal 48 3 112–119.
IEEE
[1]M. Atlı ve O. Nazlı, “Negative Laparotomy in Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Before Routine CT-Based Triage: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort”, CMJ, c. 48, sy 3, ss. 112–119, Eyl. 2026, doi: 10.7197/cmj.1954888.
ISNAD
Atlı, Muzaffer - Nazlı, Okay. “Negative Laparotomy in Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Before Routine CT-Based Triage: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort”. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal 48/3 (01 Eylül 2026): 112-119. https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1954888.
JAMA
1.Atlı M, Nazlı O. Negative Laparotomy in Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Before Routine CT-Based Triage: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort. CMJ. 2026;48:112–119.
MLA
Atlı, Muzaffer, ve Okay Nazlı. “Negative Laparotomy in Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Before Routine CT-Based Triage: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort”. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal, c. 48, sy 3, Eylül 2026, ss. 112-9, doi:10.7197/cmj.1954888.
Vancouver
1.Muzaffer Atlı, Okay Nazlı. Negative Laparotomy in Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Before Routine CT-Based Triage: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort. CMJ. 01 Eylül 2026;48(3):112-9. doi:10.7197/cmj.1954888