Sağlık Çalışanlarında COVID-19 Aşısı Sonrası Antikor Yanıtının Değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye’de Üçüncü Basamak Bir Hastane Deneyimi
Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışmada sağlık çalışanlarında ikinci doz aşılama sonrası antikor yanıtında komorbidite varlığı ile demografik özellikler arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların üçüncü ve dördüncü doz yaklaşımları ile iki doz aşının COVID-19'a karşı oluşturduğu antikor düzeylerinin koruyuculuğu gözlemsel olarak incelenmiştir. Yöntem: CoronaVac aşısının ikinci dozundan sonraki 30. günde NCP ve S protein antikor düzeyleri saptanan sağlık çalışanları, üçüncü ve dördüncü doz aşılarını yaptırmaları ve COVID-19'a sahip olmaları açısından takibe alınmıştır. Bulgular: İki doz aşılamadan sonra kadınlarda daha yüksek S antikorları saptanmıştır (p=0.001). Sigaranın aşılama sonrası antikor cevabını olumsuz etkilediğine dikkat çekilmiştir (p=0,008). Aşı öncesi COVID-19 enfeksiyonu olan kişilerin, iki doz aşılamadan sonra daha yüksek NCP antikor seviyelerine sahipolduğu belirlendi (p=0.013). Katılımcıların 152'si (%97,4) üçüncü doz, 110'u (%70,5) dördüncü doz ile aşılanmştır. Sonuç: İki doz inaktif CoronaVac® aşılama probu sonrası antikor yanıtı, kadınlarda, gençlerde, sigara içmeyenlerde ve daha önce SARS-CoV-2 ile enfekte olmamış kişilerde anlamlı olarak daha yüksektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
COVID-19 Aşıları Aşı Antikor Yanıtı Koruma Sağlık Çalışanları
Kaynakça
- Ciotti M, Ciccozzi M, Pieri M, Bernardini S. The COVID-19 pandemic: viral variants and vaccine efficacy. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2022;59(1):66-75.
- Francis AI, Ghany S, Gilkes T, Umakanthan S. Review of COVID-19 vaccine subtypes, efficacy and geographical distributions. Postgrad Med J. 2022;98(1159):389-94.
- Tregoning JS, Flight KE, Higham SL, Wang Z, Pierce BF. Progress of the COVID-19 vaccine effort: viruses, vaccines and variants versus efficacy, effectiveness and escape. Nat Rev Immunol. 2021;21(10):626-36.
- Rudan I, Adeloye D, Sheikh A. COVID-19: vaccines, efficacy and effects on variants. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2022;28(3):180-91.
- Kamińska D, Dęborska-Materkowska D, Kościelska-Kasprzak K, et al. Immunity after COVID-19 Recovery and Vaccination: Similarities and Differences. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10(7):1068.
- Sepand MR, Bigdelou B, Ho JQ, et al. Long-Term Immunity and Antibody Response: Challenges for Developing Efficient COVID-19 Vaccines. Antibodies (Basel). 2022;11(2):35.
- Filchakova O, Dossym D, Ilyas A, Kuanysheva T, Abdizhamil A, Bukasov R. Review of COVID-19 testing and diagnostic methods. Talanta. 2022;244:123409.
- Fox T, Geppert J, Dinnes J, et al. Antibody tests for identification of current and past infection with SARS-CoV-2. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022;11(11):CD013652.
- Altawalah H. Antibody Responses to Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection or after COVID-19 Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel). 2021;9(8):910.
- Zimmermann P, Curtis N. Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2019;32(2):e00084-18.
- Şenol Akar Ş, Akçalı S, Özkaya Y, et al. Sağlık çalışanlarında inaktif SARS-CoV-2 aşılaması sonrası yan etkiler, serokonversiyon oranları ve antikor yanıtını etkileyen faktörler. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2021;55(4):519-38.
- Uysal EB, Gümüş S, Bektöre B, Bozkurt H, Gözalan A. Evaluation of antibody response after COVID-19 vaccination of healthcare workers. J Med Virol. 2022;94(3):1060-6.
- Erdogan H, Pehlivanoglu F, Sengöz G, Velaei F. Evaluation of Antibody Levels After Vaccination (Sinovac-CoronaVac) in Healthcare Workers. J Microbil Infect Dis. 2022;12(04):154-9.
- McElhaney JE, Zhou X, Talbot HK, et al. The unmet need in the elderly: how immunosenescence, CMV infection, co-morbidities and frailty are a challenge for the development of more effective influenza vaccines. Vaccine. 2012;30(12):2060-7.
- Lee JL, Linterman MA. Mechanisms underpinning poor antibody responses to vaccines in ageing. Immunol Lett. 2022;241:1-14.
- Seyahi E, Bakhdiyarli G, Oztas M, et al. Antibody response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (CoronaVac) in immune-mediated diseases: a controlled study among hospital workers and elderly. Rheumatol Int. 2021;41(8):1429-40.
- Ferrara P, Gianfredi V, Tomaselli V, Polosa R. The Effect of Smoking on Humoral Response to COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10(2):303.
- Sheridan PA, Paich HA, Handy J, et al. Obesity is associated with impaired immune response to influenza vaccination in humans. Int J Obes. 2012;36:1072-7.
- Soegiarto G, Wulandari L, Purnomosari D, et al. Hypertension is associated with antibody response and breakthrough infection in health care workers following vaccination with inactivated SARS-CoV-2. Vaccine. 2022;40(30):4046-56.
Evaluation of Antibody Response After COVID-19 Vaccination in Healthcare Workers: A Turkish Tertiary Hospital Experience
Öz
Objective: It was aimed to explore the correlation between demographic characteristics and the presence of comorbidity in the antibody response after the second dose of vaccination in healthcare workers in this study. In addition, the third and fourth dose approaches of the participants and the protection of the antibody levels formed by the two doses of vaccine against COVID-19 were examined observationally. Methods: Health workers, whose NCP and S protein antibody levels were detected on the 30th day after the second dose of the CoronaVac vaccine, were followed up in terms of being vaccinated for the third and fourth doses and having COVID-19. Results: Higher levels of S antibodies were detected in women after two doses of vaccination (p=0.001). It was pointed out that smoking has a negative effect on the antibody response after vaccination (p=0.008). People who had pre-vaccine COVID-19 had higher NCP antibody levels after two doses of vaccination (p=0.013). Of the participants, 152 (97.4%) were vaccinated with the third dose and 110 (70.5%) with the fourth dose. Conclusion: The antibody response after two doses of inactivated CoronaVac® vaccination probe is significantly higher in women, younger people, non-smokers, and people who have not been previously infected with the SARS-CoV-2.
Anahtar Kelimeler
COVID-19 Vaccines Vaccine Antibody Response Protection Healthcare Workers
Etik Beyan
The study protocol was approved by the Sivas Cumhuriyet University Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Date: 21.12.2020, Decision number: 12/03). Each stage of the research was performed per the ethical standards specified in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
Kaynakça
- Ciotti M, Ciccozzi M, Pieri M, Bernardini S. The COVID-19 pandemic: viral variants and vaccine efficacy. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2022;59(1):66-75.
- Francis AI, Ghany S, Gilkes T, Umakanthan S. Review of COVID-19 vaccine subtypes, efficacy and geographical distributions. Postgrad Med J. 2022;98(1159):389-94.
- Tregoning JS, Flight KE, Higham SL, Wang Z, Pierce BF. Progress of the COVID-19 vaccine effort: viruses, vaccines and variants versus efficacy, effectiveness and escape. Nat Rev Immunol. 2021;21(10):626-36.
- Rudan I, Adeloye D, Sheikh A. COVID-19: vaccines, efficacy and effects on variants. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2022;28(3):180-91.
- Kamińska D, Dęborska-Materkowska D, Kościelska-Kasprzak K, et al. Immunity after COVID-19 Recovery and Vaccination: Similarities and Differences. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10(7):1068.
- Sepand MR, Bigdelou B, Ho JQ, et al. Long-Term Immunity and Antibody Response: Challenges for Developing Efficient COVID-19 Vaccines. Antibodies (Basel). 2022;11(2):35.
- Filchakova O, Dossym D, Ilyas A, Kuanysheva T, Abdizhamil A, Bukasov R. Review of COVID-19 testing and diagnostic methods. Talanta. 2022;244:123409.
- Fox T, Geppert J, Dinnes J, et al. Antibody tests for identification of current and past infection with SARS-CoV-2. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022;11(11):CD013652.
- Altawalah H. Antibody Responses to Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection or after COVID-19 Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel). 2021;9(8):910.
- Zimmermann P, Curtis N. Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2019;32(2):e00084-18.
- Şenol Akar Ş, Akçalı S, Özkaya Y, et al. Sağlık çalışanlarında inaktif SARS-CoV-2 aşılaması sonrası yan etkiler, serokonversiyon oranları ve antikor yanıtını etkileyen faktörler. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2021;55(4):519-38.
- Uysal EB, Gümüş S, Bektöre B, Bozkurt H, Gözalan A. Evaluation of antibody response after COVID-19 vaccination of healthcare workers. J Med Virol. 2022;94(3):1060-6.
- Erdogan H, Pehlivanoglu F, Sengöz G, Velaei F. Evaluation of Antibody Levels After Vaccination (Sinovac-CoronaVac) in Healthcare Workers. J Microbil Infect Dis. 2022;12(04):154-9.
- McElhaney JE, Zhou X, Talbot HK, et al. The unmet need in the elderly: how immunosenescence, CMV infection, co-morbidities and frailty are a challenge for the development of more effective influenza vaccines. Vaccine. 2012;30(12):2060-7.
- Lee JL, Linterman MA. Mechanisms underpinning poor antibody responses to vaccines in ageing. Immunol Lett. 2022;241:1-14.
- Seyahi E, Bakhdiyarli G, Oztas M, et al. Antibody response to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (CoronaVac) in immune-mediated diseases: a controlled study among hospital workers and elderly. Rheumatol Int. 2021;41(8):1429-40.
- Ferrara P, Gianfredi V, Tomaselli V, Polosa R. The Effect of Smoking on Humoral Response to COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10(2):303.
- Sheridan PA, Paich HA, Handy J, et al. Obesity is associated with impaired immune response to influenza vaccination in humans. Int J Obes. 2012;36:1072-7.
- Soegiarto G, Wulandari L, Purnomosari D, et al. Hypertension is associated with antibody response and breakthrough infection in health care workers following vaccination with inactivated SARS-CoV-2. Vaccine. 2022;40(30):4046-56.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Sistemleri (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 29 Mart 2024 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 29 Ekim 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 20 Mart 2024 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 |