A Scale Development Study: Psychometric Properties of the Cumhuriyet Subjective Sleep Quality Scale

Hakan Sarıçam

doi:10.7197/cmj.1070438

Research Article

Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması: Cumhuriyet Öznel Uyku Kalitesi Ölçeğinin Psikometrik Özellikleri

Year 2022, , 44 - 50, 30.03.2022

Hakan Sarıçam

https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1070438

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı uyku kalitesini değerlendirmek için geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Çalışma 2 farklı grup ile yürütülmüştür. Keşfedici faktör analizi için 221 yetişkin, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve eşzamanlı ölçek geçerliği için 207 yetişkin çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Katılımcıların yaşları 18 ile 56 yaş arasında olup, yaş ortalaması 26.83’tür. Ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirliği için kapsam geçerliği, keşfedici faktör analizi, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, eş zamanlı ölçek geçerliği yöntemleri ile iç tutarlık ve madde analizi incelenmiştir. Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük-12 Ölçeği ile COVID-19 Korkusu Ölçeği eşzamanlı ölçek geçerliği için kullanılmıştır. 31 maddelik taslak ölçeği yapı geçerliği için uygulanan keşfedici faktör analizi sonucunda 18 maddeli ve 3 alt boyutlu bir yapı elde edilmiştir. Bu yapı toplam varyansın %60.45’ini açıklamaktadır. İlk faktör: Psikosomatik etkiler (5 madde), ikinci faktör: Uyku süreci (7 madde) ve üçüncü faktör: Uyku doyumu (6 madde) olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde uyum iyiliği değerleri χ2/sd=2.78, RMSEA= .08, SRMR=.085, NFI= .90, PNFI= .91, RFI= .88, IFI= .92, CFI= .92, PGFI= .60 ve AGFI=.82 şeklinde hesaplanmıştır. Faktör yük katsayıları.51 ile .84 arasında sıralanmaktadır. Eş zamanlı ölçek geçerli çalışmasında, Öznel Uyku Kalitesi Ölçeği (ÖUKÖ) ile Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük-12 Ölçeği ve COVID-19 Korkusu Ölçeği arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif ilişkiler bulunmuştur (r= .43, .21, sırasıyla; p<.01) Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık güvenirlik katsayısı ölçeğin bütünü için α=.91, psikosomatik etkiler faktörü için α=.84, uyku süreci için α=.87 ve uyku doyumu için α=.84 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Düzeltilmiş madde toplam korelasyon katsayıları .48 ile .69. arasında sıralanmaktadır. Tüm bu sonuçlar göstermektedir ki Öznel Uyku Kalitesi Ölçeği yetişkinlerin öznel uyku kalitelerini değerlendirmede kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracıdır.

Keywords

Uyku, uyku kalitesi, uyku hijyeni, ölçek geliştirme, Uyku, uyku kalitesi, uyku hijyeni, ölçek geliştirme

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A Scale Development Study: Psychometric Properties of the Cumhuriyet Subjective Sleep Quality Scale

Year 2022, , 44 - 50, 30.03.2022

Hakan Sarıçam

https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1070438

Cited By: 2

Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop an instrument that could be used to assess sleep quality that was both valid and reliable. A two-part study group was included in the study. The study included 221 adults for exploratory factor analysis and 207 for confirmatory factor analysis. The participants were all aged between 18 and 56, with a mean age of 26.83 years. The validity and reliability of the scale were investigated by content validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, concurrent validity methods, internal consistency, and item analysis. For concurrent validity, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 and the Fear of COVID-19 Scales were used. As a result of the explanatory factor analysis carried out to determine the construct validity of the 31-item draft scale, a structure consisting of 18 items and 3 sub-dimensions was obtained. This structure explains 60.45% of the total variance. The first factor was named "psychosomatic effects" (5 items), the second factor was named "sleep course" (7 items), and the third factor was named "sleep satisfaction" (6 items). In confirmatory factor analysis, fit index values were found as CMIN/df=2.78, RMSEA= .08, SRMR=.085, NFI= .90, PNFI= .91, RFI= .88, IFI= .92, CFI= .92, PGFI= .60, and AGFI=.82. Factor loadings ranged from.51 to.84. The Cumhuriyet Subjective Sleep Quality (CSSQS) Scale had significant positive relationships with the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 and the Fear of COVID-19 Scales in the concurrent validity. (r= .43, .21, respectively; p<.01). Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficients were found to be =.91 for the whole scale, =.84 for the psychosomatic effects, =.87 for the sleep course, and =.84 for the sleep satisfaction. Corrections to item-total correlations ranged from.48 to.69. Overall, the Cumhuriyet Subjective Sleep Quality Scale was found to be a viable and reliable instrument for assessing adults' subjective sleep quality levels.

Keywords

Sleep, sleep quality, sleep hygiene, scale development, Sleep, sleep quality, sleep hygiene, scale development

References

1. Chattu VK, Manzar MD, Kumary S, Burman D, Spence DW, Pandi-Perumal SR. The Global Problem of Insufficient Sleep and Its Serious Public Health Implications. Healthcare (Basel). 2018; 7(1): 1. DOI:10.3390/healthcare7010001
2. Dumith SC, Meneghini KFD, Demenech LM. Who are the individuals with the worst perceived quality of sleep? A population-based survey in southern Brazil. Prev Med Rep. 2020; 21:101288. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101288
3. Ferrari G, Alberico C, Drenowatz C, Kovalskys I, Gómez G, Rigotti A, Cortés LY, García MY, Liria-Domínguez MR, Herrera-Cuenca M, Peralta M, Marques A, Marconcin P, Cristi-Montero C, Leme ACB, Zimberg IZ, Farías-Valenzuela C, Fisberg M, Rollo S. Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of meeting the Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines among latin american adults: a multi-national cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2022; 22(1): 217. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12613-2
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12. Khanijow V, Prakash P, Emsellem HA, Borum ML, Doman DB. Sleep Dysfunction and Gastrointestinal Diseases. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2015; 11(12): 817-825.
13. Koren D, Dumin M, Gozal D. Role of sleep quality in the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2016; 9: 281-310. DOI:10.2147/DMSO.S95120
14. Mallon L, Broman JE, Hetta J. High incidence of diabetes in men with sleep complaints or short sleep duration: A 12-year follow-up study of a middle-aged population. Diabetes Care. 2005; 28(11): 2762-2767.
15. Phillips B, Mannino DM. Do insomnia complaints cause hypertension or cardiovascular disease? J Clin Sleep Med. 2007; 3(5): 489-494.
16. Xu, C., Zhang, P., Xiang, Q. et al. Relationship between subjective sleep disturbances and glycaemia in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes: findings from a 1.5-year follow-up study. Sci Rep 2019; 9: 14276. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50814-9
17. Medic G, Wille M, Hemels ME. Short- and long-term health consequences of sleep disruption. Nat Sci Sleep. 2017; 9: 151-161. DOI:10.2147/NSS.S134864
18. Hensch, T., Wozniak, D., Spada, J. et al. Vulnerability to bipolar disorder is linked to sleep and sleepiness. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9: 294. DOI:10.1038/s41398-019-0632-1
19. Nutt D, Wilson S, Paterson L. Sleep disorders as core symptoms of depression. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2008; 10(3): 329-336. DOI:10.31887/DCNS.2008.10.3/dnutt
20. Triantafillou S, Saeb S, Lattie EG, Mohr DC, Kording KP. Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Mood: Ecological Momentary Assessment Study. JMIR Ment Health. 2019; 6(3): e12613. DOI:10.2196/12613
21. İzci B, Ardıç S, Fırat H, Şahin A, Altınörs M, Karacan I. Reliability and validity studies of the Turkish version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep Breath 2008; 12(2): 161-8.
22. MacLean AW, Fekken GC, Saskin P, Knowles JB. Psychometric evaluation of the Stanford Sleepiness Scale. J Sleep Res 1992; 1: 35-9.
23. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res 1989; 28: 193- 213.
24. Ağargün MY, Kara H, Anlar O. Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi’nin Geçerliği ve Güvenirliği. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 1996; 7: 107-11.
25. Mastin DF, Bryson J, Corwyn R. Assessment of sleep hygiene using the sleep hygiene index. J Behav Med. 2006; 29(3): 223-227. DOI:10.1007/s10865-006-9047-6
26. Ozdemir PG, Boysan M, Selvi Y, Yildirim A, Yilmaz E. Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Sleep Hygiene Index in clinical and non-clinical samples. Compr Psychiatry. 2015; 59: 135-40. DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.02.001
27. Chung F, Yegneswaran B, Liao P, Chung SA, Vairavanathan S, Islam S, et al. STOP questionnaire: a tool to screen patients for obstructive sleep apnea. Anesthesiology 2008; 108: 812-21.
28. Acar HV, Kaya A, Yücel F, Erdem M, Günal SE, Özgen F, et al. Validation of the STOP-Bang questionnaire: An obstructive sleep apnoea screening tool in Turkish population. Turk J Anaesth Reanim. 2013; 41: 115-20.
29. Netzer NC, Stoohs RA, Netzer CM, Clark K, Strohl KP. Using the Berlin questionnaire to identify patients at risk for the sleep apnea syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1999; 131: 485-491.
30. Acar VH, Kaya A, Genç F et al. Berlin formu, Obstrüktif Uyku Apnesi Tarama Testi Olarak Kullanılabilir mi?. Anestezi Dergisi 2013; 21(2): 99-105.
31. Turan A, Çelikyay H. Türkiye’de Kovid-19 ile mücadele: Politikalar ve aktörler. Uluslararası Yönetim Akademisi Dergisi, 2020; 3(1): 1-25.
32. Yi H, Shin K, Shin C. Development of the sleep quality scale. J Sleep Res. 2006; 15(3): 309-16. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00544.x. Erratum in: J Sleep Res. 2006; 15(4): 465.
33. Snyder E, Cai B, DeMuro C, Morrison MF, Ball W. A New Single-Item Sleep Quality Scale: Results of Psychometric Evaluation in Patients with Chronic Primary Insomnia and Depression. J Clin Sleep Med. 2018; 14(11): 1849-1857. DOI:10.5664/jcsm.7478
34. Kerkhof, G. H., Geuke, M. E. H., Brouwer, A., Rijsman, R. M., Schimsheimer, R. J. and Van Kasteel, V. Holland Sleep Disorders Questionnaire: a new sleep disorders questionnaire based on the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-2. J. Sleep Res., 2013; 22: 104-107.
35. Mulder-Hajonides Van Der Meulen, W., Wijnberg, J., Hollander, J., De Diana, I. and Van Den Hoofdakker, R. Measurement of subjective sleep quality. In: Proceedings of the International European Sleep Congress. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1981.
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Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Health Care Administration
Journal Section	Medical Science Research Articles
Authors	Hakan Sarıçam 0000-0002-8723-1199
Publication Date	March 30, 2022
Acceptance Date	March 20, 2022
Published in Issue	Year 2022

Cite

AMA	Sarıçam H. A Scale Development Study: Psychometric Properties of the Cumhuriyet Subjective Sleep Quality Scale. CMJ. March 2022;44(1):44-50. doi:10.7197/cmj.1070438

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