Low frequency electromagnetic field, mobile phone, base station, and the risk of cancer
Year 2013,
Volume: 35 Issue: 2, 311 - 317, 27.06.2013
Saadettin Kılıçkap
,
Eda Erdiş
Abstract
The association between low-frequency electromagnetic radiation including mobile phone and base station, and the risk of cancer has unclear. There are various studies which the long-term
epidemiologic data suggested that the use of mobile phone has not increased the risk of cancer, as well as positive studies. This review presents studies about the relationship between risk of cancer and low-frequency electromagnetic radiation.
References
- Trošić I, Pavičić I. Disturbance of Cell Proliferation in Response to Mobile Phone Frequency Radiation Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. 2009; 60: 109-15.
- Habash RW, Elwood JM, Krewski D, Lotz WG, McNamee JP, Prato FS. Recent advances in research on radiofrequency fields and health: 2004-2007. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 2009; 12: 250-88 http://www.who.int/peh-emf/publications/reports/en/Progress_report99-00.pdf (Erişim tarihi: 13 Mayıs 2013).
- TELEKOM TÜRKİYE: İletişim Teknolojileri Dergisi, www.tele.com.tr/ , Erişim Tarihi: 22/12/2004 ve 18/12/2004.
- Moulder JE, Foster KR. Is there a link between exposure to power-frequency electric fields and cancer? IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag 1999; 18: 109-16.
- IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Nonionizing radiation, Part 1: static and extremely low-frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum 2002; 80: 1-395
- INTERPHONE Study Group. Brain tumour risk in relation to mobile telephone use: results of the INTERPHONE international case-control study. Int J Epidemiol 2010; 39: 675-94
- Klaeboe L, Blaasaas KG, Tynes T. Use of mobile phone in Norway and risk of intracranial tumours. Eur j Cancer Prev 2007; 16: 158-64
- Takebayashi T, Varsier N, Kikuchi Y, Wake K, Taki M, Watanabe S, Akiba S, Yamaguchi N. Mobile phone use, exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic field, and brain tumour: a case-control study. Br J Cancer 2008; 98: 652-9
- Lönn S, Ahlbom A, Christensen HC, Johansen C, Schüz J, Edström S, Henriksson G, Lundgren J, Wennerberg J, Feychting M. Mobile phone use and risk of parotid gland tumor. Am J Epidemiol 2006; 164: 637-43
- Hardell L, Carlberg M Hansson Mild K,. Pooled analysis of two casecontrol studies on use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for malignant brain tumours diagnosed in 1997-2003. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2006; 79: 630-9.
- Hardell L, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F, Hansson Mild K. Meta-analysis of longterm mobile phone use and the association with brain tumours. Int J Oncol 2008; 32: 1097-103
- Lönn S, Ahlbom A, Hall P, Feychting M. Mobile phone use and the risk of acoustic neuroma. Epidemiology 2004; 15: 653-59
- Malagoli C, Fabbi S, Teggi S, Calzari M, Poli M, Ballotti E, Notari B, Bruni M, Palazzi G, Paolucci P, Vinceti M. Risk of hematological malignancies associated with magnetic fields exposure from power lines: a case-control study in two municipalities of northern Italy. Environ Health 2010; 9: 16.
- Hug K, Grize L, Seidler A, Kaatsch P, Schüz J. Parental occupational exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and childhood cancer: a German casecontrol study. Am J Epidemiol 2010; 171: 27-35.
- Elliott P, Toledano MB, Bennett J, Beale L, de Hoogh K, Best N, Briggs DJ. Mobile phone base stations and early childhood cancers: case-control study. BMJ 2010; 340: c3077.
- Coble JB, Dosemeci M, Stewart PA, Blair A, Bowman J, Fine HA, Shapiro WR, Selker RG, Loeffler JS, Black PM, Linet MS, Inskip PD. Occupational exposure to magnetic fields and the risk of brain tumors. Neuro Oncol 2009; 11: 242-9.
- Kheifets L, Ahlbom A, Crespi CM, Feychting M, Johansen C, Monroe J, Murphy MF, Oksuzyan S, Preston-Martin S, Roman E, Saito T, Savitz D, Schüz J, Schüz J,Ahlbom A. Exposure to electromagnetic fields and the risk of childhood leukaemia: a review. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2008; 132: 202-11.
- Schoenfeld ER, O’Leary ES, Henderson K, Grimson R, Kabat GC, Ahnn S, Kaune WT, Gammon MD, Leske MC, EBCLIS Group. Electromagnetic fields and breast cancer on Long Island: a case-control study. Am J Epidemiol 2003; 158: 47-58.
- Forssen UM, Rutqvist LE, Ahlbom A, Feychting M. Occupational magnetic fields and female breast cancer: a case-control study using Swedish population registers and new exposure data. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 161: 250-9.
- Labreche F, Goldberg MS, Valois MF, Nadon L, Richardson L, Lakhani R, Latreille B. Occupational exposures to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and postmenopausal breast cancer. Am J Ind Med 2003; 44: 643-52.
- Elektromanyetik Dalgalar ve İnsan Sağlığı, Sıkça Sorulan Sorular ve Yanıtları” http://www.biltek.tubitak.gov.tr/sandik/gsm.pdf.
Düşük frekanslı elektromanyetik alan, cep telefonları, baz istasyonları ve kanser riski
Year 2013,
Volume: 35 Issue: 2, 311 - 317, 27.06.2013
Saadettin Kılıçkap
,
Eda Erdiş
Abstract
Cep telefonları ve baz istasyonları gibi düşük frekanslı elektromanyetik radyasyon ile kanser riski arasındaki ilişki henüz tam olarak ortaya konamamıştır. Pozitif çalışmaların yanı sıra cep telefonu kullanımının kanser riskini arttırmadığını gösteren çok sayıda uzun süre izlemi olan epidemiyolojik çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede düşük frekanslı elektromanyetik radyasyon ile kanser riski arasındaki ilişkiyi araştıran çalışmalar sunulmaktadır.
References
- Trošić I, Pavičić I. Disturbance of Cell Proliferation in Response to Mobile Phone Frequency Radiation Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. 2009; 60: 109-15.
- Habash RW, Elwood JM, Krewski D, Lotz WG, McNamee JP, Prato FS. Recent advances in research on radiofrequency fields and health: 2004-2007. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 2009; 12: 250-88 http://www.who.int/peh-emf/publications/reports/en/Progress_report99-00.pdf (Erişim tarihi: 13 Mayıs 2013).
- TELEKOM TÜRKİYE: İletişim Teknolojileri Dergisi, www.tele.com.tr/ , Erişim Tarihi: 22/12/2004 ve 18/12/2004.
- Moulder JE, Foster KR. Is there a link between exposure to power-frequency electric fields and cancer? IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag 1999; 18: 109-16.
- IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Nonionizing radiation, Part 1: static and extremely low-frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum 2002; 80: 1-395
- INTERPHONE Study Group. Brain tumour risk in relation to mobile telephone use: results of the INTERPHONE international case-control study. Int J Epidemiol 2010; 39: 675-94
- Klaeboe L, Blaasaas KG, Tynes T. Use of mobile phone in Norway and risk of intracranial tumours. Eur j Cancer Prev 2007; 16: 158-64
- Takebayashi T, Varsier N, Kikuchi Y, Wake K, Taki M, Watanabe S, Akiba S, Yamaguchi N. Mobile phone use, exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic field, and brain tumour: a case-control study. Br J Cancer 2008; 98: 652-9
- Lönn S, Ahlbom A, Christensen HC, Johansen C, Schüz J, Edström S, Henriksson G, Lundgren J, Wennerberg J, Feychting M. Mobile phone use and risk of parotid gland tumor. Am J Epidemiol 2006; 164: 637-43
- Hardell L, Carlberg M Hansson Mild K,. Pooled analysis of two casecontrol studies on use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for malignant brain tumours diagnosed in 1997-2003. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2006; 79: 630-9.
- Hardell L, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F, Hansson Mild K. Meta-analysis of longterm mobile phone use and the association with brain tumours. Int J Oncol 2008; 32: 1097-103
- Lönn S, Ahlbom A, Hall P, Feychting M. Mobile phone use and the risk of acoustic neuroma. Epidemiology 2004; 15: 653-59
- Malagoli C, Fabbi S, Teggi S, Calzari M, Poli M, Ballotti E, Notari B, Bruni M, Palazzi G, Paolucci P, Vinceti M. Risk of hematological malignancies associated with magnetic fields exposure from power lines: a case-control study in two municipalities of northern Italy. Environ Health 2010; 9: 16.
- Hug K, Grize L, Seidler A, Kaatsch P, Schüz J. Parental occupational exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and childhood cancer: a German casecontrol study. Am J Epidemiol 2010; 171: 27-35.
- Elliott P, Toledano MB, Bennett J, Beale L, de Hoogh K, Best N, Briggs DJ. Mobile phone base stations and early childhood cancers: case-control study. BMJ 2010; 340: c3077.
- Coble JB, Dosemeci M, Stewart PA, Blair A, Bowman J, Fine HA, Shapiro WR, Selker RG, Loeffler JS, Black PM, Linet MS, Inskip PD. Occupational exposure to magnetic fields and the risk of brain tumors. Neuro Oncol 2009; 11: 242-9.
- Kheifets L, Ahlbom A, Crespi CM, Feychting M, Johansen C, Monroe J, Murphy MF, Oksuzyan S, Preston-Martin S, Roman E, Saito T, Savitz D, Schüz J, Schüz J,Ahlbom A. Exposure to electromagnetic fields and the risk of childhood leukaemia: a review. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2008; 132: 202-11.
- Schoenfeld ER, O’Leary ES, Henderson K, Grimson R, Kabat GC, Ahnn S, Kaune WT, Gammon MD, Leske MC, EBCLIS Group. Electromagnetic fields and breast cancer on Long Island: a case-control study. Am J Epidemiol 2003; 158: 47-58.
- Forssen UM, Rutqvist LE, Ahlbom A, Feychting M. Occupational magnetic fields and female breast cancer: a case-control study using Swedish population registers and new exposure data. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 161: 250-9.
- Labreche F, Goldberg MS, Valois MF, Nadon L, Richardson L, Lakhani R, Latreille B. Occupational exposures to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and postmenopausal breast cancer. Am J Ind Med 2003; 44: 643-52.
- Elektromanyetik Dalgalar ve İnsan Sağlığı, Sıkça Sorulan Sorular ve Yanıtları” http://www.biltek.tubitak.gov.tr/sandik/gsm.pdf.