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Rehabilitasyonda izokinetik değerlendirmeler

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 4, 386 - 396, 07.03.2010

Özlem Şahin

Öz

Özet

İzokinetik egzersizler kas kuvvetini en iyi artıran egzersizlerdir. Egzersiz sırasında tüm eklem hareket açıklığı boyunca kasta maksimum dirençte kasılma olur. İzokinetik egzersizlerin yapılabilmesi için komplike cihazlara ihtiyaç vardır. İzokinetik dinamometrelerde hareketin hızı sabittir ve hareketin her açısında kasa uygulanan direnç eşittir. Bu cihazlar ile kas kuvveti, kas gücü ve dayanıklılığı objektif olarak değerlendirebilir. Aynı zamanda kasların antrenmanı ve rehabilitasyonu da yapılabilmektedir. Bu özellikleri nedeni ile spor yaralanmalarının rehabilitasyonunda ve kas performansının değerlendirilmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadırlar.

Anahtar sözcükler: İzokinetik, rehabilitasyon, spor hekimliği

 

Abstract

Isokinetic exercises are the best exercises that increase muscle strength. There is muscle contraction at maximum resistance throughout the range motion of joint during exercise. Complicated devices are required for isokinetic exercises. The velocity of movement is maintained constant by isokinetic dynamometer and the resistance applied to the muscle is equal throughout the range of movement. Muscle strength, muscle power and endurance are objectively evaluated and also, muscle training and rehabilitation can be performed by this dynamometer. Because of these properties, isokinetic dynamometer is commonly used in the rehabilitation of sportive injuries and in evaluation of muscle performance.

Key words: Isokinetic, rehabilitation, sports medicine

Anahtar Kelimeler

-

Kaynakça

  • Kalyon TA. Sportif Rehabilitasyon. Tıbbi Rehabilitasyon. Oğuz H, Dursun E, Dursun N (Editörler). Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, İstanbul 2004, 933-50.
  • Akgün N. Egzersiz ve Spor Fizyolojisi. Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, 5. Baskı, İzmir, 1994.
  • Chan KM, Maffulli N. Principles and Practice of Isokinetics in Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation. Williams and Wilkins Asia-Pacific, Hong Kong, 1996.
  • Kalyon TA. Spor Hekimliği. GATA Basımevi, Ankara, 1997.
  • Laskowski ER. Concepts in Sports Medicine. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Braddom RL (Ed). WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1996,915-37.
  • Baltzopoulos V, Brodie DA. Isokinetic dynamometry. Applications and limitations. Sports Med 1989; 8: 101-16.
  • Rothstein JM, Lamb RL, Mayhew TP. Clinical uses of isokinetic measurements. Critical issues. Phys Ther 1987; 67: 1840-4.
  • Brown LE. Isokinetics in Human Performance. Human Kinetics Publisher, USA, 2000.
  • Alangarı AS, Al-Hazzaa HM. Normal Isometric And Isokinetic Peak Torques Of Hamstring And Quadriceps Muscles İn Young Adult Saudi Males. Neurosciences 2004; 9: 165-70.
  • Anderson MA, Gieck JH, Perrin DH, Weltman A, Rutt RA, Denegar CR. The Relationships among Isometric, Isotonic, and Isokinetic Concentric and Eccentric Quadriceps and Hamstring Force and Three Components of Athletic Performance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1991; 14: 114-20.
  • Greenberger HB, Paterno MV. Relationship of knee extensor strength and hopping test performance in the assessment of lower extremity function. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1995; 22: 202-6.
  • Barber SD, Noyes FR, Mangine RE, McCloskey JW, Hartman W. Quantitative assessment of functional limitations in normal and anterior cruciate ligament- deficient knees. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1990; 255: 204-14.
  • Noyes FR, Barber SD, Mangine RE. Abnormal lower limb symmetry determined by function hop tests after anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Am J Sports Med 1991; 19: 513-8.
  • Wilk KE, Romaniello WT, Soscia SM, Arrigo CA, Andrews JR. The relationship between subjective knee scores, isokinetic testing, and functional testing in the ACL-reconstructed knee. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1994; 20: 60-73.
  • Yildiz Y, Aydin T, Sekir U, Cetin C, Ors F, Alp Kalyon T. Relation between isokinetic muscle strength and functional capacity in recreational athletes with chondromalacia patellae. Br J Sports Med 2003; 37: 475-9.
  • Tuncer S. Fonksiyonel Değerlendirmede İzokinetik Sistem Kullanımı. Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon Cilt 1. Beyazova M, Kutsal YG (Editörler). Güneş Kitapevi, Ankara, 2000, 950-54.
  • Kannus P. Isokinetic evaluation of muscular performance: implications for muscle testing and rehabilitation. Int J Sports Med. 1994;15: Suppl 1:S11-8.
  • Yeung MS, Chan KM, So CH, Yuan WY.An epidemiological survey on ankle sprain. Br J Sports Med 1994; 28: 112-6.
  • Morrissey MC, Harman EA, Johnson MJ. Resistance training modes: specificity and effectiveness. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1995; 27: 648-60.
  • Urquhart D S, Garbutt G, Cova K, Lennox CM E, McLatchie G R. Isokinetics: Applications in the Management of knee soft tissue injuries. Sports Exerc Injury 1995; 1: 138-47.
  • Astrand P, Rodahl K. Textbook of Work Physiology: Physiological Bases of exercise. 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill International Editions, New York, 1986.
  • Kannus P, Kaplan M. Angle-specific torques of thigh muscles: variability analysis in 200 healthy adults. Can J Sport Sci 1991; 16: 264-70.
  • Perrin DH. Isokinetic Exercise ans Assessment, Human Kinetics Publishers, Champain, 1993.
  • Hislop HJ, Perrine JJ. The isokinetic concept of exercise. Phys Ther 1967; 47: 114-7.
  • Osternig LR. Isokinetic dynamometry: implications for muscle testing and rehabilitation. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 1986; 14: 45-80.
  • Overend TJ, Versteegh TH, Thompson E, Birmingham TB, Vandervoort AA. Cardiovascular stress associated with concentric and eccentric isokinetic exercise in young and older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2000; 55: B177-82.
  • Sherman WM, Pearson DR, Plyley MJ, Costill DL, Habansky AJ, Vogelgesang DA. Isokinetic rehabilitation after surgery. A review of factors which are important for developing physiotherapeutic techniques after knee surgery. Am J Sports Med 1982; 10: 155-61.
  • Perrin DH. Reliability of sokinetic measures. Athletic Training 1986; 21: 319-21.
  • Knapik JJ, Bauman CL, Jones BH, Harris JM, Vaughan L. Preseason strength and flexibility imbalances associated with athletic injuries in female collegiate athletes. Am J Sports Med 1991; 19: 76-81.
  • Grimby G. Clinical aspects of strenght and power training. Strength and power in sport. Komi PW (Ed). Blackwell Scientific Publications, London, 1992, 338- 54.
  • Kellis E, Baltzopoulos V. Isokinetic eccentric exercise. Sports Med 1995; 19: 202-22.
  • Knight KL. Strenght imbalance and knee injury. Phys Sports Med 1980; 8: 140.
  • Kramer J, Nusca D, Fowler P, Webster-Bogaert S. Knee flexor and extensor strength during concentric and eccentric muscle actions after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using the semitendinosus tendon and ligament augmentation device. Am J Sports Med 1993; 21: 285-91.
  • Osternig LR, Hamill J, Sawhill JA, Bates BT. Influence of torque and limb speed on power production in isokinetic exercise. Am J Phys Med 1983; 62: 163-71.
  • Elliot J. Assessing muscle strenght isokinetically. J Am Med Assoc 1978; 240: 2408-10.
  • Bennett JG, Stauber WT. Evaluation and treatment of anterior knee pain using eccentric exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1986; 18: 526-30.
  • The effects of multidirectional soccer-specific fatigue on markers of hamstring injury risk. Small K, McNaughton L, Greig M, Lovell R. J Sci Med Sport 2010; 13: 120-5.
  • Jonhagen S, Nemeth G, Eriksson E. Hamstring injuries in sprinters. The role of concentric and eccentric hamstring muscle strength and flexibility. Am J Sports Med 1994; 22: 262-6.
  • MacDougall JD, Elder GC, Sale DG, Moroz JR, Sutton JR. Effects of strength training and immobilization on human muscle fibres. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1980; 43: 25-34.
  • Costill DL, Fink WJ, Habansky AJ. Muscle rehabilitation after knee surgery. Physician Sports Med 1977; 5: 71-4.
  • McDonagh MJ, Hayward CM, Davies CT. Isometric training in human elbow flexor muscles. The effects on voluntary and electrically evoked forces. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1983; 65: 355-8.

ISOKINETIC MEASUREMENTS IN REHABILITATION

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 4, 386 - 396, 07.03.2010

Özlem Şahin

Öz

ABSTRACT

Isokinetic exercises are the best exercises that increase muscle strength. Muscular contraction is optimal strength throughout the range of motion of joint during dynamic contraction. Complicated devices are required for isokinetic exercises. The velocity of movement is maintained constant by isokinetic dynamometer. The resistance of the dynamometer is equal to the muscular forces applied throughout the range of movement. Muscle strength, muscle power and endurance are objectively evaluated and also, muscle training and rehabilitation are performed by this dynamometer. Because of these properties, isokinetic dynamometer is commonly used in sportive rehabilitation.

 

Key Words: Isokinetic, Rehabilitation, Sports Medicine

Anahtar Kelimeler

İzokinetik rehabilitasyon spor hekimliği

Kaynakça

  • Kalyon TA. Sportif Rehabilitasyon. Tıbbi Rehabilitasyon. Oğuz H, Dursun E, Dursun N (Editörler). Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, İstanbul 2004, 933-50.
  • Akgün N. Egzersiz ve Spor Fizyolojisi. Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, 5. Baskı, İzmir, 1994.
  • Chan KM, Maffulli N. Principles and Practice of Isokinetics in Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation. Williams and Wilkins Asia-Pacific, Hong Kong, 1996.
  • Kalyon TA. Spor Hekimliği. GATA Basımevi, Ankara, 1997.
  • Laskowski ER. Concepts in Sports Medicine. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Braddom RL (Ed). WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1996,915-37.
  • Baltzopoulos V, Brodie DA. Isokinetic dynamometry. Applications and limitations. Sports Med 1989; 8: 101-16.
  • Rothstein JM, Lamb RL, Mayhew TP. Clinical uses of isokinetic measurements. Critical issues. Phys Ther 1987; 67: 1840-4.
  • Brown LE. Isokinetics in Human Performance. Human Kinetics Publisher, USA, 2000.
  • Alangarı AS, Al-Hazzaa HM. Normal Isometric And Isokinetic Peak Torques Of Hamstring And Quadriceps Muscles İn Young Adult Saudi Males. Neurosciences 2004; 9: 165-70.
  • Anderson MA, Gieck JH, Perrin DH, Weltman A, Rutt RA, Denegar CR. The Relationships among Isometric, Isotonic, and Isokinetic Concentric and Eccentric Quadriceps and Hamstring Force and Three Components of Athletic Performance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1991; 14: 114-20.
  • Greenberger HB, Paterno MV. Relationship of knee extensor strength and hopping test performance in the assessment of lower extremity function. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1995; 22: 202-6.
  • Barber SD, Noyes FR, Mangine RE, McCloskey JW, Hartman W. Quantitative assessment of functional limitations in normal and anterior cruciate ligament- deficient knees. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1990; 255: 204-14.
  • Noyes FR, Barber SD, Mangine RE. Abnormal lower limb symmetry determined by function hop tests after anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Am J Sports Med 1991; 19: 513-8.
  • Wilk KE, Romaniello WT, Soscia SM, Arrigo CA, Andrews JR. The relationship between subjective knee scores, isokinetic testing, and functional testing in the ACL-reconstructed knee. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1994; 20: 60-73.
  • Yildiz Y, Aydin T, Sekir U, Cetin C, Ors F, Alp Kalyon T. Relation between isokinetic muscle strength and functional capacity in recreational athletes with chondromalacia patellae. Br J Sports Med 2003; 37: 475-9.
  • Tuncer S. Fonksiyonel Değerlendirmede İzokinetik Sistem Kullanımı. Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon Cilt 1. Beyazova M, Kutsal YG (Editörler). Güneş Kitapevi, Ankara, 2000, 950-54.
  • Kannus P. Isokinetic evaluation of muscular performance: implications for muscle testing and rehabilitation. Int J Sports Med. 1994;15: Suppl 1:S11-8.
  • Yeung MS, Chan KM, So CH, Yuan WY.An epidemiological survey on ankle sprain. Br J Sports Med 1994; 28: 112-6.
  • Morrissey MC, Harman EA, Johnson MJ. Resistance training modes: specificity and effectiveness. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1995; 27: 648-60.
  • Urquhart D S, Garbutt G, Cova K, Lennox CM E, McLatchie G R. Isokinetics: Applications in the Management of knee soft tissue injuries. Sports Exerc Injury 1995; 1: 138-47.
  • Astrand P, Rodahl K. Textbook of Work Physiology: Physiological Bases of exercise. 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill International Editions, New York, 1986.
  • Kannus P, Kaplan M. Angle-specific torques of thigh muscles: variability analysis in 200 healthy adults. Can J Sport Sci 1991; 16: 264-70.
  • Perrin DH. Isokinetic Exercise ans Assessment, Human Kinetics Publishers, Champain, 1993.
  • Hislop HJ, Perrine JJ. The isokinetic concept of exercise. Phys Ther 1967; 47: 114-7.
  • Osternig LR. Isokinetic dynamometry: implications for muscle testing and rehabilitation. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 1986; 14: 45-80.
  • Overend TJ, Versteegh TH, Thompson E, Birmingham TB, Vandervoort AA. Cardiovascular stress associated with concentric and eccentric isokinetic exercise in young and older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2000; 55: B177-82.
  • Sherman WM, Pearson DR, Plyley MJ, Costill DL, Habansky AJ, Vogelgesang DA. Isokinetic rehabilitation after surgery. A review of factors which are important for developing physiotherapeutic techniques after knee surgery. Am J Sports Med 1982; 10: 155-61.
  • Perrin DH. Reliability of sokinetic measures. Athletic Training 1986; 21: 319-21.
  • Knapik JJ, Bauman CL, Jones BH, Harris JM, Vaughan L. Preseason strength and flexibility imbalances associated with athletic injuries in female collegiate athletes. Am J Sports Med 1991; 19: 76-81.
  • Grimby G. Clinical aspects of strenght and power training. Strength and power in sport. Komi PW (Ed). Blackwell Scientific Publications, London, 1992, 338- 54.
  • Kellis E, Baltzopoulos V. Isokinetic eccentric exercise. Sports Med 1995; 19: 202-22.
  • Knight KL. Strenght imbalance and knee injury. Phys Sports Med 1980; 8: 140.
  • Kramer J, Nusca D, Fowler P, Webster-Bogaert S. Knee flexor and extensor strength during concentric and eccentric muscle actions after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using the semitendinosus tendon and ligament augmentation device. Am J Sports Med 1993; 21: 285-91.
  • Osternig LR, Hamill J, Sawhill JA, Bates BT. Influence of torque and limb speed on power production in isokinetic exercise. Am J Phys Med 1983; 62: 163-71.
  • Elliot J. Assessing muscle strenght isokinetically. J Am Med Assoc 1978; 240: 2408-10.
  • Bennett JG, Stauber WT. Evaluation and treatment of anterior knee pain using eccentric exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1986; 18: 526-30.
  • The effects of multidirectional soccer-specific fatigue on markers of hamstring injury risk. Small K, McNaughton L, Greig M, Lovell R. J Sci Med Sport 2010; 13: 120-5.
  • Jonhagen S, Nemeth G, Eriksson E. Hamstring injuries in sprinters. The role of concentric and eccentric hamstring muscle strength and flexibility. Am J Sports Med 1994; 22: 262-6.
  • MacDougall JD, Elder GC, Sale DG, Moroz JR, Sutton JR. Effects of strength training and immobilization on human muscle fibres. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1980; 43: 25-34.
  • Costill DL, Fink WJ, Habansky AJ. Muscle rehabilitation after knee surgery. Physician Sports Med 1977; 5: 71-4.
  • McDonagh MJ, Hayward CM, Davies CT. Isometric training in human elbow flexor muscles. The effects on voluntary and electrically evoked forces. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1983; 65: 355-8.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Özlem Şahin

Yayımlanma Tarihi 7 Mart 2010
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2010Cilt: 32 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

AMA Şahin Ö. Rehabilitasyonda izokinetik değerlendirmeler. CMJ. Aralık 2010;32(4):386-396.