BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 4, 534 - 539, 01.02.2012

Turan Akdağ , Levent Sarıyıldız

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Budinger TF. MR safety: past, present, and future from a historical perspective. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 1998; 6: 701-14.
  • Savitz DA, Loomis DP. Magnetic Field Exposure in Relation to Leukemia and Brain Cancer Mortality among Electric Utility Workers. Am J Epidemiol 1995; 141: 123-34.
  • Bassett CA. Beneficial effects of electromagnetic fields. J Cell Biochem 1993; 4:387-93.
  • Mansfield P, Grannell PK. NMR ‘diffraction’in solids? J Phys C-Solid state Phys 1973; 6: L422-6.
  • Sarvas J. Basic mathematical and electromagnetic concepts of the biomagnetic inverse problem. Phys Med Biol 1987; 32: 11-22.
  • Markov M. Can Magnetic and Electromagnetic Fields Be Used for Pain Relief. APS. Bulletin 2002; 12: 1-6.
  • Simkó M. Cell type specific redox status is responsible for diverse electromagnetic field effects. Current Medicinal Chemistry 2007; 14: 1141-52.
  • Simkó M, Mattsson MO. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields as effectors of cellular responses in vitro: possible immune cell activation. J Cell Biochem 2004; 93: 83-92.
  • Liboff AR, Williams T Jr, Strong DM, Wistar R Jr. Time-varying magnetic fields: effect on DNA synthesis. Science 1984; 223: 818-20.
  • Adey WR. Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields. J of Cell Biochem 1993; 51: 410-6.
  • Walleczek J. Electromagnetic field effects on cells of the immune system: the role of calcium signaling. FASEB J 1992; 6: 3177-85.
  • Anselmo CW, Pereira PB, Catanho MT, Medeiros MC. Effects of the electromagnetic field, 60 Hz, 3 microT, on the hormonal and metabolic regulation of undernourished pregnant rats. Braz J Biol 2009; 69: 397-404.
  • Kavaliers M, Wiebe JP, Ossenkopp KP. Brief exposure of mice to 60 Hz magnetic fields reduces the analgesic effects of the neuroactive steroid, 3alphahydroxy-4-pregnen-20-one. Neurosci Lett 1998a; 257: 155-8.
  • Kavaliers M, Ossenkopp KP, Tysdale DM. Evidence for the involvement of protein kinase C in the modulation of morphine-induced 'analgesia' and the inhibitory effects of exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields in the snail, Cepaea nemoralis. Brain Res 1991; 554: 65-71.
  • Kavaliers M, Choleris E, Prato FS, Ossenkopp K. Evidence for the involvement of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase in the modulation of opioid-induced antinociception and the inhibitory effects of exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields in the land snail. Brain Res 1998b; 809: 50-7.
  • Sieroń A, Labus L, Nowak P, Cieślar G, Brus H, Durczok A, Zagził T, Kostrzewa RM, Brus R.Alternating extremely low frequency magnetic field increases turnover of dopamine and serotonin in rat frontal cortex. Bioelectromagnetics 2004; 25: 426-30.
  • Koyu A, Cesur G, Özgüner F, Elmas O. Cep telefonlarından yayılan 900 MHz manyetik alanın serum kortizol ve testosteron hormonu üzerine etkisi. SDÜ Tıp Fak Derg 2005: 12; 52-6.
  • de Seze R, Fabbro-Peray P, Miro L. GSM radiocellular telephones do not disturb the secretion of antepituitary hormones in humans. Bioelectromagnetics 1998; 19: 271-8.
  • Koyu A, Gökalp O, Özgüner F, Cesur G, Mollaoğlu H, Özer KA Çalışkan S. Subkronik 1800 MHz elektromanyetik alan uygulamasının TSH, T3, T4, kortizol ve testosteron hormon düzeylerine etkileri. Genel Tıp Derg 2005; 15: 101-5.
  • Saygın M, Çalışkan S, Gümral N, Soydan M, Vural H. 2450 MHz elektromanyetik radyasyonun sıçanların FSH, LH ve Total Testosteron seviyelerinde meydana getirdiği değişiklikler. SDÜ Tıp Fak Derg 2009; 16: 10-4.
  • Akdag T, Tiftik AM, Sarıyıldız L. 1,5 T (Tesla)’lık Manyetik Alana Maruziyet Sonrası Bazı Biyokimyasal Parametrelerde Gözlenen Değişiklikler. Marmara Med J 2011
  • Black DR, Heynick LN. Radiofrequency (RF) effects on blood cells, cardiac, endocrine, and immunological functions. Bioelectromagnetics 2003; 6: S187-95.
  • WHO. Extremely Low Frequency Fields. Environmental Health Criteria WHO 2008.
  • Stevens RG, Davis S. The melatonin hypothesis: electric power and breast cancer. Environ Health Perspect 1996; 104: 135-40.
  • Woldanska-Okonska M, Karasek M, Czernicki J. The influence of chronic exposure to low frequency pulsating magnetic fields on concentrations of FSH, LH, prolactin, testosterone and estradiol in men with back pain. Neuroendocrinol Lett 2004; 25: 201-6.
  • Vangelova K, Deyanov C, Israel M. Cardiovascular risk in operators under radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2006; 209:133-8.
  • Dasdağ S, Balci K, Kaya H, Celik MS. Hormone levels of people occupationally exposed to radiofrequencies. Biochem Arch 1999; 15: 255-60.
  • Boscol P, Di Sciascio MB, D'Ostilio S, Del Signore A, Reale M, Conti P, Bavazzano P, Paganelli R, Di Gioacchino M. Effects of electromagnetic fields produced by radiotelevision broadcasting stations on the immune system of women. Sci Total Environ 2001; 273: 1-10.
  • Vangelova K, Israel M, Mihaylov S. The effect of low level radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on the excretion rates of stress hormones in operators during 24-hour shifts. Cent Eur J Public Health 2002; 10: 24-8.
  • Vangelova KK, Israel MS. Variations of melatonin and stress hormones under extended shifts and radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. Rev Environ Health 2005; 20: 151-61.
  • Johansson O. Disturbance of the immune system by electromagnetic fields-A potentially underlying cause for cellular damage and tissue repair reduction which could lead to disease and impairment. Pathophysiology 2009; 16: 157-77.
  • Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC. Free radicals in biology and medicine, 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999; pp: 936.
  • Ilhan A, Gurel A, Armutcu F, Kamisli S, Iraz M, Akyol O, Ozen S. Ginkgo biloba prevents mobile phone-induced oxidative stress in rat brain. Clin Chim Acta 2004; 340: 153-62.
  • Moustafa YM, Moustafa RM, Belacy A, Abou-El-Ela SH, Ali FM. Effects of acute exposure to the radiofrequency fields of cellular phones on plasma lipid peroxide and antioxidase activities in human erythrocytes. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2001; 26: 605-8.
  • Meral I, Mert H, Mert N, Deger Y, Yoruk I, Yetkin A, Keskin S. Effects of 900MHz electromagnetic field emitted from cellular phone on brain oxidative stress and some vitamin levels of guinea pigs. Brain Research 2007; 1169: 120-4.
  • Chernysheva ON. Status of the lipid phase of plasma membranes of the rat heart after repeated exposure to an alternate magnetic field of 50 Hz frequency. Kosm Biol Aviakosm Med 1990; 24: 30-1.
  • Chater S, Abdelmelek H, Sakly M, Pequinot JM, Ben RK. Effects of sub-acute exposure to magnetic field on blood hematological and biochemical parameters in female rats. Turk J Hematol 2006; 23: 182-7.
  • Gorczynska E, Wegrzynowicz R. Glucose homeostasis in rats exposed to magnetic fields. Invest Radiol 1991; 26: 1095-100.
  • Shalaby TE, Shawki MM. Biophysical and biochemical changes in the characteristics of rat blood exposed to combined alternating and static magnetic fields (in vivo study). Romanian J Biophys 2006; 16: 169-80.
  • Braune S, Riedel A, Schulte-Mönting J, Raczek J. Influence of a Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field on Cardiovascular and Hormonal Parameters of the Autonomic Nervous System in Healthy Individuals. Radiation Research 2002;158: 352-6.
  • Bortkiewicz A, Gadzicka E, Zmyślony M, Szymczak W. eurovegetative disturbances in workers exposed to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2006; 19: 53-60.
  • Nair I, Morgan MG, Florig HK, editors. Biological Effects of Power Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields. The Minerva Group Inc, 2.ed USA Press 2002; pp:96-8.
  • Zusman I, Yaffe P, Pinus H, Ornoy A. Effects of pulsing electromagnetic fields on the prenatal and postnatal development in mice and rats: in vivo and in vitro studies. Teratology 1990; 42: 157-70.
  • Prato FS, Ossenkopp KP, Kavaliers M, Sestini E, Teskey GC. Attenuation of morphine-induced analgesia in mice by exposure to magnetic resonance imaging: separate effects of the static, radiofrequency and time-varying magnetic fields. Magn Reson Imaging 1987; 5: 9-14.

Elektromanyetik alanlara maruziyet sonrası gözlenen bazı biyokimyasal değişiklikler

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 4, 534 - 539, 01.02.2012

Turan Akdağ , Levent Sarıyıldız

Öz

Özet

Vücuda kolayca girebilen elektromanyetik alanların birçok yaşamsal olayı etkileyebileceği ileri sürülmektedir. Manyetik alan ve elektromanyetik dalga özellikleri, sağlık etkilerinin hangi doz parametreleri arasında olduğu ve bu parametrelerin eşik değerlerinin ne olması gerektiği günümüzde belirlenmesine rağmen, elektromanyetik alanlara maruz kalma miktarının tam olarak tespit edilememesi ve insan sağlığı üzerine yapılan çalışmaların yetersizliği gibi nedenlerle manyetik alanların insan sağlığı üzerine etkisi henüz net olarak ortaya konulamamıştır. Gittikçe artan manyetik alan maruziyetlerinin insan sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerini belirleyebilmek için ileri çalışmalara gereksinim vardır.

Anahtar sözcükler: Manyetik alan, eşik değeri, radyofrekans, elektromanyetik dalga

Abstract

It’s proposed that electromagnetic fields can easily enter the body and can change some vitual conditions. Today magnetic field and electromagnetic wave properties which affect health and their threshold values proportional to the dose parameters are determined.But the virtual effect of magnetic field against health is not clearly known as the net exposure amount has not yet been determined and studies done on humans are scarce. Further studies are needed to find out the effect of magnetic field exposure against human health.

Keywords: Magnetic field, threshold value, radiofrequency, electromagnetic wave

Anahtar Kelimeler

Manyetik alan eşik değeri radyofrekans elektromanyetik dalga

Kaynakça

  • Budinger TF. MR safety: past, present, and future from a historical perspective. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 1998; 6: 701-14.
  • Savitz DA, Loomis DP. Magnetic Field Exposure in Relation to Leukemia and Brain Cancer Mortality among Electric Utility Workers. Am J Epidemiol 1995; 141: 123-34.
  • Bassett CA. Beneficial effects of electromagnetic fields. J Cell Biochem 1993; 4:387-93.
  • Mansfield P, Grannell PK. NMR ‘diffraction’in solids? J Phys C-Solid state Phys 1973; 6: L422-6.
  • Sarvas J. Basic mathematical and electromagnetic concepts of the biomagnetic inverse problem. Phys Med Biol 1987; 32: 11-22.
  • Markov M. Can Magnetic and Electromagnetic Fields Be Used for Pain Relief. APS. Bulletin 2002; 12: 1-6.
  • Simkó M. Cell type specific redox status is responsible for diverse electromagnetic field effects. Current Medicinal Chemistry 2007; 14: 1141-52.
  • Simkó M, Mattsson MO. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields as effectors of cellular responses in vitro: possible immune cell activation. J Cell Biochem 2004; 93: 83-92.
  • Liboff AR, Williams T Jr, Strong DM, Wistar R Jr. Time-varying magnetic fields: effect on DNA synthesis. Science 1984; 223: 818-20.
  • Adey WR. Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields. J of Cell Biochem 1993; 51: 410-6.
  • Walleczek J. Electromagnetic field effects on cells of the immune system: the role of calcium signaling. FASEB J 1992; 6: 3177-85.
  • Anselmo CW, Pereira PB, Catanho MT, Medeiros MC. Effects of the electromagnetic field, 60 Hz, 3 microT, on the hormonal and metabolic regulation of undernourished pregnant rats. Braz J Biol 2009; 69: 397-404.
  • Kavaliers M, Wiebe JP, Ossenkopp KP. Brief exposure of mice to 60 Hz magnetic fields reduces the analgesic effects of the neuroactive steroid, 3alphahydroxy-4-pregnen-20-one. Neurosci Lett 1998a; 257: 155-8.
  • Kavaliers M, Ossenkopp KP, Tysdale DM. Evidence for the involvement of protein kinase C in the modulation of morphine-induced 'analgesia' and the inhibitory effects of exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields in the snail, Cepaea nemoralis. Brain Res 1991; 554: 65-71.
  • Kavaliers M, Choleris E, Prato FS, Ossenkopp K. Evidence for the involvement of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase in the modulation of opioid-induced antinociception and the inhibitory effects of exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields in the land snail. Brain Res 1998b; 809: 50-7.
  • Sieroń A, Labus L, Nowak P, Cieślar G, Brus H, Durczok A, Zagził T, Kostrzewa RM, Brus R.Alternating extremely low frequency magnetic field increases turnover of dopamine and serotonin in rat frontal cortex. Bioelectromagnetics 2004; 25: 426-30.
  • Koyu A, Cesur G, Özgüner F, Elmas O. Cep telefonlarından yayılan 900 MHz manyetik alanın serum kortizol ve testosteron hormonu üzerine etkisi. SDÜ Tıp Fak Derg 2005: 12; 52-6.
  • de Seze R, Fabbro-Peray P, Miro L. GSM radiocellular telephones do not disturb the secretion of antepituitary hormones in humans. Bioelectromagnetics 1998; 19: 271-8.
  • Koyu A, Gökalp O, Özgüner F, Cesur G, Mollaoğlu H, Özer KA Çalışkan S. Subkronik 1800 MHz elektromanyetik alan uygulamasının TSH, T3, T4, kortizol ve testosteron hormon düzeylerine etkileri. Genel Tıp Derg 2005; 15: 101-5.
  • Saygın M, Çalışkan S, Gümral N, Soydan M, Vural H. 2450 MHz elektromanyetik radyasyonun sıçanların FSH, LH ve Total Testosteron seviyelerinde meydana getirdiği değişiklikler. SDÜ Tıp Fak Derg 2009; 16: 10-4.
  • Akdag T, Tiftik AM, Sarıyıldız L. 1,5 T (Tesla)’lık Manyetik Alana Maruziyet Sonrası Bazı Biyokimyasal Parametrelerde Gözlenen Değişiklikler. Marmara Med J 2011
  • Black DR, Heynick LN. Radiofrequency (RF) effects on blood cells, cardiac, endocrine, and immunological functions. Bioelectromagnetics 2003; 6: S187-95.
  • WHO. Extremely Low Frequency Fields. Environmental Health Criteria WHO 2008.
  • Stevens RG, Davis S. The melatonin hypothesis: electric power and breast cancer. Environ Health Perspect 1996; 104: 135-40.
  • Woldanska-Okonska M, Karasek M, Czernicki J. The influence of chronic exposure to low frequency pulsating magnetic fields on concentrations of FSH, LH, prolactin, testosterone and estradiol in men with back pain. Neuroendocrinol Lett 2004; 25: 201-6.
  • Vangelova K, Deyanov C, Israel M. Cardiovascular risk in operators under radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2006; 209:133-8.
  • Dasdağ S, Balci K, Kaya H, Celik MS. Hormone levels of people occupationally exposed to radiofrequencies. Biochem Arch 1999; 15: 255-60.
  • Boscol P, Di Sciascio MB, D'Ostilio S, Del Signore A, Reale M, Conti P, Bavazzano P, Paganelli R, Di Gioacchino M. Effects of electromagnetic fields produced by radiotelevision broadcasting stations on the immune system of women. Sci Total Environ 2001; 273: 1-10.
  • Vangelova K, Israel M, Mihaylov S. The effect of low level radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on the excretion rates of stress hormones in operators during 24-hour shifts. Cent Eur J Public Health 2002; 10: 24-8.
  • Vangelova KK, Israel MS. Variations of melatonin and stress hormones under extended shifts and radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. Rev Environ Health 2005; 20: 151-61.
  • Johansson O. Disturbance of the immune system by electromagnetic fields-A potentially underlying cause for cellular damage and tissue repair reduction which could lead to disease and impairment. Pathophysiology 2009; 16: 157-77.
  • Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC. Free radicals in biology and medicine, 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999; pp: 936.
  • Ilhan A, Gurel A, Armutcu F, Kamisli S, Iraz M, Akyol O, Ozen S. Ginkgo biloba prevents mobile phone-induced oxidative stress in rat brain. Clin Chim Acta 2004; 340: 153-62.
  • Moustafa YM, Moustafa RM, Belacy A, Abou-El-Ela SH, Ali FM. Effects of acute exposure to the radiofrequency fields of cellular phones on plasma lipid peroxide and antioxidase activities in human erythrocytes. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2001; 26: 605-8.
  • Meral I, Mert H, Mert N, Deger Y, Yoruk I, Yetkin A, Keskin S. Effects of 900MHz electromagnetic field emitted from cellular phone on brain oxidative stress and some vitamin levels of guinea pigs. Brain Research 2007; 1169: 120-4.
  • Chernysheva ON. Status of the lipid phase of plasma membranes of the rat heart after repeated exposure to an alternate magnetic field of 50 Hz frequency. Kosm Biol Aviakosm Med 1990; 24: 30-1.
  • Chater S, Abdelmelek H, Sakly M, Pequinot JM, Ben RK. Effects of sub-acute exposure to magnetic field on blood hematological and biochemical parameters in female rats. Turk J Hematol 2006; 23: 182-7.
  • Gorczynska E, Wegrzynowicz R. Glucose homeostasis in rats exposed to magnetic fields. Invest Radiol 1991; 26: 1095-100.
  • Shalaby TE, Shawki MM. Biophysical and biochemical changes in the characteristics of rat blood exposed to combined alternating and static magnetic fields (in vivo study). Romanian J Biophys 2006; 16: 169-80.
  • Braune S, Riedel A, Schulte-Mönting J, Raczek J. Influence of a Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field on Cardiovascular and Hormonal Parameters of the Autonomic Nervous System in Healthy Individuals. Radiation Research 2002;158: 352-6.
  • Bortkiewicz A, Gadzicka E, Zmyślony M, Szymczak W. eurovegetative disturbances in workers exposed to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2006; 19: 53-60.
  • Nair I, Morgan MG, Florig HK, editors. Biological Effects of Power Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields. The Minerva Group Inc, 2.ed USA Press 2002; pp:96-8.
  • Zusman I, Yaffe P, Pinus H, Ornoy A. Effects of pulsing electromagnetic fields on the prenatal and postnatal development in mice and rats: in vivo and in vitro studies. Teratology 1990; 42: 157-70.
  • Prato FS, Ossenkopp KP, Kavaliers M, Sestini E, Teskey GC. Attenuation of morphine-induced analgesia in mice by exposure to magnetic resonance imaging: separate effects of the static, radiofrequency and time-varying magnetic fields. Magn Reson Imaging 1987; 5: 9-14.
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Turan Akdağ

Levent Sarıyıldız

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Şubat 2012
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012Cilt: 34 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

AMA Akdağ T, Sarıyıldız L. Elektromanyetik alanlara maruziyet sonrası gözlenen bazı biyokimyasal değişiklikler. CMJ. Aralık 2012;34(4):534-539.