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Violence and other reasons as cause of death in women

Yıl 2009, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 3, 211 - 219, 27.04.2009

Celal Bütün Muhammet Can Halis Dokgöz Nurşen Turan Şevki Sözen

Öz

Abstract

Aim. Violence against women resulting in death is an important problem facing us in the society and community. This study aimed to determine the socio-economic, socio-cultural and demographical characteristics, compositions of committed violence and cause of death of the victims to display and interpret a profile of the assailants. Methods. Data of 40 women who underwent autopsy at the Department of Morgue Specialization, Forensic Medicine Institute were evaluated between the dates of 1 January 2002 and 1 June 2002. Relatives of the victims were contacted and initial interview forms were arranged according to the victims and assailant profile. Results. Seventeen (42.5%) of the cases were aged between 19-30 years and 12 (30.0%) between 31-40 years. Educational status was primary school in 33 (82.5%), university degree in one and no education in six cases. While 27 (67.5%) of the cases had a child, 13 (32.5%) of the cases were childless. Ten of the victims (25.0%) had two child, nine (22.5%) had three, five (12.5%) had one and three (7.5%) had five and more children. Crime scene was a home in 34 (85.0%) cases, office in one, street and empty property in five. Conclusions. Violence against women requires a teamwork including not only forensic medicine specialists but also other medical specializations, lawyers, security forces and democratic mass organizations to be recognized. We believe that a comprehensive approach including the prevention of violence-associated deaths in women and rehabilitation processes is necessary.

Keywords: Violence, women, death, forensic medicine.

 

Özet

Amaç. Ölümle sonuçlanan kadına yönelik şiddet, sosyal ve toplumsal yaşamın önemli sorunları olarak karşımızda durmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, saldırıya uğrayan kişinin, sosyoekonomik, sosyokültürel ve demografik özellikleri, uğradığı şiddetin niteliği, ölüm şekli ve ölüm nedeni belirlenerek bir saldırgan profili ortaya konarak yorumlanması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem. Ocak-Haziran 2002 tarihinde Adli Tıp Kurumu Morg İhtisas Dairesi'ne getirilerek otopsisi yapılan 40 kadın olgu incelendi. Olguların yakınları ile görüşülerek, hem kendileri, hem de saldırgan profiline göre ön görüşme formları hazırlandı. Bulgular. Olguların, 17'sinin (%42,5) 19-30 yaş grubunda ve 12'sinin (%30) 31-40 yaş grubunda olduğu tespit edildi. Olguların 33'ünün (%82,5) ilköğretim, altısının eğitimsiz ve birinin de üniversite mezunu olduğu, 27'sinin (%67,5) çocuk sahibi olduğu ve 13'ünün (%32,5) ise çocuk sahibi olmadığı, 10'unun (%25) iki çocuk, dokuzunun (%22,5) üç çocuk, beşinin (%12,5) tek çocuk, üçünün (%7,5) beş ve üstü çocuk sahibi oldukları, 13'ünün (%32,5) ise çocuk sahibi olmadıkları tespit edildi. Olay yeri açısından olguların 34'ünün (%85) evde, birinin iş yerinde ve beşinin sokak ve boş arazi gibi diğer yerlerde geçtiği belirlendi. Sonuçlar. Kadına yönelik şiddet, yalnızca adli tıp uzmanlarının değil diğer hekim grupları, hukukçular, güvenlik güçleri ve demokratik kitle örgütlerinin de içinde yer alacağı bir ekip çalışması ile tanı konulması gerekmektedir. Ülkemizde, şiddet nedeniyle kadın ölümlerinin önlenmesi için, yapılan çalışmaların kapsamlı bir bakış açısına sahip olmasını ve aynı zamanda rehabilitasyon sürecini de kapsayan bütüncül bir yaklaşım gerektiğini düşünüyoruz.

Anahtar sözcükler: Şiddet, kadınlar, ölüm, adli tıp

Anahtar Kelimeler

-

Kaynakça

  • Hess AK, Weiner IB. Diagnosing and Treating Sexual Offenders. In: John Wiley, eds. The Handbook of Forensic Psychology. 2nd. ed. Michigan: Michigan University Press; 1998: 640-54.
  • Saukko PJ, Knight B. Deaths Associated with Sexual Offences. In: Knight B, eds. Third Edition Knight’s Forensic Pathology. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2004: 421-30.
  • Diaz OC, Sotelo J. Domestic violence in Mexico. JAMA 1996; 275: 1937-41.
  • Golding- Golding JM. Intimate partner violence as a risk factor for mental disorders: a meta-analysis. J Fam Viol 1999; 14: 99-132.
  • Ergönen AT, Ozdemir MH, Can IO, Sönmez E, Salaçin S, Berberoğlu E, Demir N. Domestic violence on pregnant women in Turkey. J Forensic Leg Med 2009; 16: 125-9.
  • Guth AA, Pachter HL. Domestic Violence and the Trauma Surgeon. The American Journal of Surgery 2000; 179: 134-40.
  • Hafford- Hafford M. Family Violence: Challenging Cases for Probation Officers, Federal Probation. 1991: 12-71.
  • Heise L, Ellsberg M, Goetmoeller M. A global overview of gender- based violence. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2002: 1-10.
  • Marvin DR. The dynamics of domestic abuse. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin 1997; 66: 13-8.
  • Barnes B. Family violence knows no culturel boundaries. AAFCS 2001; 93: 11-4.
  • Gunay Y, Sozen S, Yavuz F, Ramadanoğlu E. Cases of Domestic Violence Against Women: Evaluation with Forensic Medicine Practice. Journal of Forensic Medicine. 1996; 12: 69-79.
  • Daloglu H, Varol N, Varol S. Legal Evaluation of Domestic Violence Against Women. Bulletin of Forensic Medicine, 2000; 5: 224-229.
  • Durmusoglu M. Park Research of Domestic Violence Against Women in Village Clinics. Doctorate Thesis, Ankara University of Health Sciences Institute. Ankara, 1999.
  • Sacaklioglu F, Ciceklioglu M. Results of Violence Against Women and Solutions. IV. Congress of National Health, Didim, September 1994; 207-209.
  • Arslan MM, Yarımoglu B, Cekin N, Hilal A. The Evaluation of Intimate Violence Cases Attended to Adana Branch of Council of Forensic Medicine. Türkiye Klinikleri J Foren Med 2005; 2:39-43.
  • Westveer AE, Trestrail JH, Pinizotto AJ. Homicidal Poisonins in the United States: An Analysis of the Uniform Crime Reports from 1980 through 1989. Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol 1996; 17: 282-8.
  • Haywood YC, Mariam TH. Domestic Violence. Violence against women. Emerg Med Clin N. Am 1999; 17: 603-15.
  • Ozkok MS, Otker C, Katkici U. Deaths of Women because of Assault, I. National Forensic Medicine Congress, Book of Poster Presentation. November, 1-4, İstanbul, 1994; 353-356.
  • Ciceklioglu M, Hanci IH, Yavuz İC, Arisoy Y. A Study about Appoinment of Assaulted Women to Izmir Forensic Medicine Council. IV. Congress of National Health, Didim, September 1994; 199-202.
  • Icli GT. Domestic Violence Against Women and Women Guilty. Document of General Office of Women Status and Problems in Turkey State Ministry, Bizim Buro Press. Ankara, 1995; 11-15, 281-282.
  • Hall VH. Lethal Violence. A Sourcebook on Fatal Domestic, Acquaintance and stranger Violence CRC Press.1998.
  • Pekin: Women Human Rights and Turkey Assignment in National Union. Project of Women Human Rights- New Way. 1. Edition. İstanbul 2001.
  • Yuksel S. Violence Against Women and Studies in Turkey. JAMA, November, 1992; 5: 793-797
  • Frye V, Wilt S. Femicide and Social Disorganization. Violence Against Women. 2001; 7: 335-51.
  • Butchart A, Lerer LB, Blanche MT. Imaginary Constructions and forensic reconstructions of fatal violence against women: Implications for Comminity Violence prevention. Forensic Sci Int 1994; 64: 21-34.
  • Strauch H, Wirth I, Taymoorian U, Geserick G. Kicking to death-forensic and criminological aspects. Forensic Sci Int 2001; 123: 165-71.
  • Campbell JC. Health consequences of intimate partner violence. The Lancet London, 2002; 359: 1331-36.
  • Kyriacou DN, Anglin D, Taliaferro E, Stone S, Tubb T, Linden JA, Muelleman R, Barton E, Kraus JF. Risk factors for injury to women from domestic violence. N Engl J Med 1999; 16: 1892-8.
  • Karaoglu N, Civi S, Kutlu R, Marakoglu K. Evaluation of the Socio-demographic characteristics of persecutors according to female victims: a community-based study in Konya. Türkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2006; 26: 522-6.
  • Bailey JE, Kellerman AL, Somes GW, Banton JG, Rivara FP, Rushforth NP. Risk factors for violent death of women in the home. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 777-82.
  • Jacobsen A, Richardson B. Assault experiences of 100 psychiatric inpatients: evidence of the need for routine inquiry. Am J Psychiatry 1987; 144: 908-913.
  • Counts DA. Female suicide and wife abuse in cross cultural perspective. Suicide Life Threat Behav 1987; 17: 194-204.
  • Wadman CM, Muelleman LR. Domestic violence homicides: ED use before victimization. Am J Emerg Med 1999; 17: 688-92.
  • Sterlig- Sterlig SRP, Kelter A, Onwachi SC. Firearm injuries in girls and woman The unaddressed imperatıve. Archieces of Surgery 1993; 128: 663-8.
  • Miller M, Henenway D. The Relationship between firearms and suicide; A Review of the literature. Aggression and violent behavior 1999; 4: 59-75.
  • Lerer LB. Women, homicide and alcohol in Cape Town, South Africa. Forensic Sci Int 1992; 55: 93-9.
  • Hawley DA, Mc Clane GE, Strack GB. Violence: recognition, management and prevention a review of 300 attempted strangulation cases part III: injuries in fatal cases. J Emerg Med 2001; 21: 317-22.

Kadınlarda ölüm nedeni olarak şiddet ve diğer faktörler

Yıl 2009, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 3, 211 - 219, 27.04.2009

Celal Bütün Muhammet Can Halis Dokgöz Nurşen Turan Şevki Sözen

Öz

Amaç. Ölümle sonuçlanan kadına yönelik şiddet, sosyal ve toplumsal yaşamın önemli sorunları olarak karşımızda durmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, saldırıya uğrayan kişinin, sosyoekonomik, sosyokültürel ve demografik özellikleri, uğradığı şiddetin niteliği, ölüm şekli ve ölüm nedeni belirlenerek bir saldırgan profili ortaya konarak yorumlanması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem. OcakHaziran 2002 tarihinde Adli Tıp Kurumu Morg İhtisas Dairesi’ne getirilerek otopsisi yapılan 40 kadın olgu incelendi. Olguların yakınları ile görüşülerek, hem kendileri, hem de saldırgan profiline göre ön görüşme formları hazırlandı. Bulgular. Olguların, 17’sinin (%42,5) 19-30 yaş grubunda ve 12’sinin (%30) 31-40 yaş grubunda olduğu tespit edildi. Olguların 33’ünün (%82,5) ilköğretim, altısının eğitimsiz ve birinin de üniversite mezunu olduğu, 27’sinin (%67,5) çocuk sahibi olduğu ve 13’ünün (%32,5) ise çocuk sahibi olmadığı, 10’unun (%25) iki çocuk, dokuzunun (%22,5) üç çocuk, beşinin (%12,5) tek çocuk, üçünün (%7,5) beş ve üstü çocuk sahibi oldukları, 13’ünün (%32,5) ise çocuk sahibi olmadıkları tespit edildi. Olay yeri açısından olguların 34’ünün (%85) evde, birinin iş yerinde ve beşinin sokak ve boş arazi gibi diğer yerlerde geçtiği belirlendi. Sonuçlar. Kadına yönelik şiddet, yalnızca adli tıp uzmanlarının değil diğer hekim grupları, hukukçular, güvenlik güçleri ve demokratik kitle örgütlerinin de içinde yer alacağı bir ekip çalışması ile tanı konulması gerekmektedir. Ülkemizde, şiddet nedeniyle kadın ölümlerinin önlenmesi için, yapılan çalışmaların kapsamlı bir bakış açısına sahip olmasını ve aynı zamanda rehabilitasyon sürecini de kapsayan bütüncül bir yaklaşım gerektiğini düşünüyoruz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Şiddet kadınlar ölüm adli tıp

Kaynakça

  • Hess AK, Weiner IB. Diagnosing and Treating Sexual Offenders. In: John Wiley, eds. The Handbook of Forensic Psychology. 2nd. ed. Michigan: Michigan University Press; 1998: 640-54.
  • Saukko PJ, Knight B. Deaths Associated with Sexual Offences. In: Knight B, eds. Third Edition Knight’s Forensic Pathology. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2004: 421-30.
  • Diaz OC, Sotelo J. Domestic violence in Mexico. JAMA 1996; 275: 1937-41.
  • Golding- Golding JM. Intimate partner violence as a risk factor for mental disorders: a meta-analysis. J Fam Viol 1999; 14: 99-132.
  • Ergönen AT, Ozdemir MH, Can IO, Sönmez E, Salaçin S, Berberoğlu E, Demir N. Domestic violence on pregnant women in Turkey. J Forensic Leg Med 2009; 16: 125-9.
  • Guth AA, Pachter HL. Domestic Violence and the Trauma Surgeon. The American Journal of Surgery 2000; 179: 134-40.
  • Hafford- Hafford M. Family Violence: Challenging Cases for Probation Officers, Federal Probation. 1991: 12-71.
  • Heise L, Ellsberg M, Goetmoeller M. A global overview of gender- based violence. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2002: 1-10.
  • Marvin DR. The dynamics of domestic abuse. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin 1997; 66: 13-8.
  • Barnes B. Family violence knows no culturel boundaries. AAFCS 2001; 93: 11-4.
  • Gunay Y, Sozen S, Yavuz F, Ramadanoğlu E. Cases of Domestic Violence Against Women: Evaluation with Forensic Medicine Practice. Journal of Forensic Medicine. 1996; 12: 69-79.
  • Daloglu H, Varol N, Varol S. Legal Evaluation of Domestic Violence Against Women. Bulletin of Forensic Medicine, 2000; 5: 224-229.
  • Durmusoglu M. Park Research of Domestic Violence Against Women in Village Clinics. Doctorate Thesis, Ankara University of Health Sciences Institute. Ankara, 1999.
  • Sacaklioglu F, Ciceklioglu M. Results of Violence Against Women and Solutions. IV. Congress of National Health, Didim, September 1994; 207-209.
  • Arslan MM, Yarımoglu B, Cekin N, Hilal A. The Evaluation of Intimate Violence Cases Attended to Adana Branch of Council of Forensic Medicine. Türkiye Klinikleri J Foren Med 2005; 2:39-43.
  • Westveer AE, Trestrail JH, Pinizotto AJ. Homicidal Poisonins in the United States: An Analysis of the Uniform Crime Reports from 1980 through 1989. Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol 1996; 17: 282-8.
  • Haywood YC, Mariam TH. Domestic Violence. Violence against women. Emerg Med Clin N. Am 1999; 17: 603-15.
  • Ozkok MS, Otker C, Katkici U. Deaths of Women because of Assault, I. National Forensic Medicine Congress, Book of Poster Presentation. November, 1-4, İstanbul, 1994; 353-356.
  • Ciceklioglu M, Hanci IH, Yavuz İC, Arisoy Y. A Study about Appoinment of Assaulted Women to Izmir Forensic Medicine Council. IV. Congress of National Health, Didim, September 1994; 199-202.
  • Icli GT. Domestic Violence Against Women and Women Guilty. Document of General Office of Women Status and Problems in Turkey State Ministry, Bizim Buro Press. Ankara, 1995; 11-15, 281-282.
  • Hall VH. Lethal Violence. A Sourcebook on Fatal Domestic, Acquaintance and stranger Violence CRC Press.1998.
  • Pekin: Women Human Rights and Turkey Assignment in National Union. Project of Women Human Rights- New Way. 1. Edition. İstanbul 2001.
  • Yuksel S. Violence Against Women and Studies in Turkey. JAMA, November, 1992; 5: 793-797
  • Frye V, Wilt S. Femicide and Social Disorganization. Violence Against Women. 2001; 7: 335-51.
  • Butchart A, Lerer LB, Blanche MT. Imaginary Constructions and forensic reconstructions of fatal violence against women: Implications for Comminity Violence prevention. Forensic Sci Int 1994; 64: 21-34.
  • Strauch H, Wirth I, Taymoorian U, Geserick G. Kicking to death-forensic and criminological aspects. Forensic Sci Int 2001; 123: 165-71.
  • Campbell JC. Health consequences of intimate partner violence. The Lancet London, 2002; 359: 1331-36.
  • Kyriacou DN, Anglin D, Taliaferro E, Stone S, Tubb T, Linden JA, Muelleman R, Barton E, Kraus JF. Risk factors for injury to women from domestic violence. N Engl J Med 1999; 16: 1892-8.
  • Karaoglu N, Civi S, Kutlu R, Marakoglu K. Evaluation of the Socio-demographic characteristics of persecutors according to female victims: a community-based study in Konya. Türkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2006; 26: 522-6.
  • Bailey JE, Kellerman AL, Somes GW, Banton JG, Rivara FP, Rushforth NP. Risk factors for violent death of women in the home. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 777-82.
  • Jacobsen A, Richardson B. Assault experiences of 100 psychiatric inpatients: evidence of the need for routine inquiry. Am J Psychiatry 1987; 144: 908-913.
  • Counts DA. Female suicide and wife abuse in cross cultural perspective. Suicide Life Threat Behav 1987; 17: 194-204.
  • Wadman CM, Muelleman LR. Domestic violence homicides: ED use before victimization. Am J Emerg Med 1999; 17: 688-92.
  • Sterlig- Sterlig SRP, Kelter A, Onwachi SC. Firearm injuries in girls and woman The unaddressed imperatıve. Archieces of Surgery 1993; 128: 663-8.
  • Miller M, Henenway D. The Relationship between firearms and suicide; A Review of the literature. Aggression and violent behavior 1999; 4: 59-75.
  • Lerer LB. Women, homicide and alcohol in Cape Town, South Africa. Forensic Sci Int 1992; 55: 93-9.
  • Hawley DA, Mc Clane GE, Strack GB. Violence: recognition, management and prevention a review of 300 attempted strangulation cases part III: injuries in fatal cases. J Emerg Med 2001; 21: 317-22.
Toplam 37 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Araştırma Yazıları
Yazarlar

Celal Bütün

Muhammet Can

Halis Dokgöz

Nurşen Turan

Şevki Sözen

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Nisan 2009
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2009Cilt: 31 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

AMA Bütün C, Can M, Dokgöz H, Turan N, Sözen Ş. Violence and other reasons as cause of death in women. CMJ. Eylül 2009;31(3):211-219.